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Belahcene S, Kebsa W, Akingbade TV, Umar HI, Omoboyowa DA, Alshihri AA, Abo Mansour A, Alhasaniah AH, Oraig MA, Bakkour Y, Leghouchi E. Chemical Composition Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Myrtus communis L. Leaf Extract: Forecasting ADMET Profiling and Anti-Inflammatory Targets Using Molecular Docking Tools. Molecules 2024; 29:849. [PMID: 38398601 PMCID: PMC10893115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Compounds derived from natural sources continue to serve as chemical scaffolds for designing prophylactic/therapeutic options for human healthcare. In this study, we aimed to systematically unravel the chemical profile and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of myrtle methanolic extract (MMEx) using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches. High levels of TPC (415.85 ± 15.52 mg GAE/g) and TFC (285.80 ± 1.64 mg QE/g) were observed. Mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of 1,8-cineole (33.80%), α-pinene (10.06%), linalool (4.83%), p-dimethylaminobenzophenone (4.21%), thunbergol (4%), terpineol (3.60%), cis-geranyl acetate (3.25%), and totarol (3.30%) as major compounds. MMEx induced pronounced dose-dependent inhibition in all assays, and the best antioxidant activity was found with H2O2, with an IC50 of 17.81 ± 3.67 µg.mL-1. MMEx showed a good anti-inflammatory effect in vivo by limiting the development of carrageenan-induced paw edema. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the active molecules were determined using the SwissADME website, followed by virtual screening against anti-inflammatory targets including phospholipase A2 (PLA-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and NF-κB. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that the molecules have good absorption, distribution, and metabolism profiles, with negative organ toxicity. Among the compounds identified by GC-MS analysis, pinostrobin chalcone, cinnamyl cinnamate, hedycaryol, totarol, and p-dimethylaminobenzophenone were observed to have good binding scores, thus appreciable anti-inflammatory potential. Our study reveals that MMEx from Algerian Myrtus communis L. can be considered to be a promising candidate for alleviating many health complaints associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Belahcene
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Jijel, Jijel 18000, Algeria
| | - Widad Kebsa
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Jijel, Jijel 18000, Algeria;
| | - Tomilola Victor Akingbade
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704 Akure, Gaga 340110, Nigeria; (T.V.A.); (H.I.U.)
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704 Akure, Gaga 340110, Nigeria; (T.V.A.); (H.I.U.)
| | - Damilola Alex Omoboyowa
- Phyto-Medicine and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko 57257, Nigeria
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alshihri
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adel Abo Mansour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Hassan Alhasaniah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Oraig
- Radiology Department, Khamis Mushayt General Hospital, Khamis Mushayt 62433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Youssef Bakkour
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Essaid Leghouchi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Jijel, Jijel 18000, Algeria
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