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Yang F, Li T, Zhang XQ, Gong Y, Su H, Fan J, Wang L, Hu QD, Tan RZ. Screening of active components in Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng formula for anti-fibrosis in CKD: nobiletin inhibits Lgals1/PI3K/AKT signaling to improve renal fibrosis. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2375033. [PMID: 38967135 PMCID: PMC11229745 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2375033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng formula (A&P) has been clinically shown to effectively slow down the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has demonstrated significant anti-fibrosis effects in experimental CKD model. However, the specific active ingredients and underlying mechanism are still unclear. The active ingredients of A&P were analyzed by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-MS). A mouse model of CKD was constructed by 5/6 nephrectomy. Renal function was assessed by creatinine and urea nitrogen. Real-time PCR and Western Blot were performed to detect the mRNA and protein changes in kidney and cells. An in vitro fibrotic cell model was constructed by TGF-β induction in TCMK-1 cells. The results showed that thirteen active ingredients of A&P were identified by UPLC-HR-MS, nine of which were identified by analysis with standards, among which the relative percentage of NOB was high. We found that NOB treatment significantly improved renal function, pathological damage and reduced the expression level of fibrotic factors in CKD mice. The results also demonstrated that Lgals1 was overexpressed in the interstitial kidney of CKD mice, and NOB treatment significantly reduced its expression level, while inhibiting PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. Interestingly, overexpression of Lgals1 significantly increased fibrosis in TCMK1 cells and upregulated the activity of PI3K and AKT, which were strongly inhibited by NOB treatment. NOB is one of the main active components of A&P. The molecular mechanism by which NOB ameliorates renal fibrosis in CKD may be through the inhibition of Lgals1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Li
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiao-qian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Junming Fan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiong-dan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui-zhi Tan
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang J, Zeng X, Xue W, Jia Q, Jiang Q, Huo C, Jiao X, Zhang J, Wang Y, Tian L, Zhu Z. Transcriptomic profiling of lung fibroblasts in silicosis: Regulatory roles of Nrf2 agonists in a mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 143:113273. [PMID: 39362014 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Silicosis is an occupational disease caused by long-term inhalation of free silica, resulting in a significant global health burden. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Proliferative and activated myofibroblasts play a key role in the development of silicosis. Traditional studies have focused on fibroblast proliferation and collagen secretion, neglecting their functional heterogeneity. With the advancement of omics research, more pathogenic fibroblast subgroups and their functions have been identified. In this study, we applied transcriptomics to analyze gene changes in primary lung fibroblasts during silicosis development using a mouse model. Our results indicate that DEGs are enriched in collagen secretion, ECM synthesis, leukocyte migration, and chemotaxis functions. Altered core genes are associated with immune cell recruitment and cell migration. Nrf2 agonists, known for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have shown potential therapeutic effects in fibrotic diseases. However, their effects on fibroblasts in silicosis are not fully understood. We used four common Nrf2 agonists to study gene expression changes in lung fibroblasts at the transcriptome level, combined with histopathological and biochemical methods, to investigate their effects on silicosis in mice. Results show that Nrf2 agonists can exert anti-silicosis fibrosis functions by downregulating genes like Fos and Egr1, involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and inflammation. In conclusion, this study suggests that inflammation-related co-functions of fibroblasts may be a potential mechanism in silicosis pathogenesis. Targeting Nrf2 may be a promising strategy to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinying Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenming Xue
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiyue Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiyue Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chuanyi Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xukun Jiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Zhang T, Mi J, Qin X, Ouyang Z, Wang Y, Li Z, He S, Hu K, Wang R, Huang W. Rosmarinic Acid Alleviates Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Downregulating the tRNA N7-Methylguanosine Modification-Regulated Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transition Through the Exosome Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:5567-5586. [PMID: 39188632 PMCID: PMC11346487 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s458794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a common complication after radiotherapy in thoracic cancer patients, and effective treatment methods are lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) on RIPF in mice as well as the mechanism involved. Methods m7G-tRNA-seq and tRNA-seq analyses were conducted to identify m7G-modified tRNAs. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, northwestern blotting, northern blotting, immunofluorescence, wound-healing assays and EdU experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanism by which RA regulates fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation (FMT) by affecting the exosomes of lung epithelial cells. Ribo-seq and mRNA-seq analyses were used to explore the underlying target mRNAs. Seahorse assays and immunoprecipitation were carried out to elucidate the effects of RA on glycolysis and FMT processes via the regulation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) acetylation. Results We found that RA had an antifibrotic effect on the lung tissues of RIPF model mice and inhibited the progression of FMT through exosomes derived from lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, RA reduced the transcription and translation efficiency of sphingosine kinase 1 in lung fibroblasts by decreasing N7-methylguanosine modification of tRNA, downregulating the expression of tRNAs in irradiated lung epithelial cell-derived exosomes, and inhibiting the interaction between sphingosine kinase 1 and the N-acetyltransferase 10 protein in fibroblasts. Furthermore, the acetylation and cytoplasmic translocation of PFKFB3 were reduced by exosomes derived from irradiated lung epithelial cells, which following RA intervention. This suppression of the FMT process, which is triggered by glycolysis, and ultimately decelerating the progression of RIPF. Conclusion These findings suggest that RA is a potential therapeutic agent for RIPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Mi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinling Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhechen Ouyang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyi He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weimei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Immunology and Metabolism for Liver Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumors (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Gao X, Gao N, Du M, Xiang Y, Zuo H, Cao H, Zheng S, Huang R, Wan W, Hu K. Pilocarpine mediated excessive calcium accumulation leads to ciliary muscle cell senescence and apoptosis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23878. [PMID: 39120551 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401286r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The ciliary muscle constitutes a crucial element in refractive regulation. Investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms within the ciliary muscle during excessive contraction holds significance in treating ciliary muscle dysfunction. A guinea pig model of excessive contraction of the ciliary muscle induced by drops pilocarpine was employed, alongside the primary ciliary muscle cells was employed in in vitro experiments. The results of the ophthalmic examination showed that pilocarpine did not significantly change refraction and axial length during the experiment, but had adverse effects on the regulatory power of the ciliary muscle. The current data reveal notable alterations in the expression profiles of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α), ATP2A2, P53, α-SMA, Caspase-3, and BAX within the ciliary muscle of animals subjected to pilocarpine exposure, alongside corresponding changes observed in cultured cells treated with pilocarpine. Augmented levels of ROS were detected in both tissue specimens and cells, culminating in a significant increase in cell apoptosis in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Further examination revealed that pilocarpine induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels and disrupted MMP, as evidenced by mitochondrial swelling and diminished cristae density compared to control conditions, concomitant with a noteworthy decline in antioxidant enzyme activity. However, subsequent blockade of Ca2+ channels in cells resulted in downregulation of HIF-1α, ATP2A2, P53, α-SMA, Caspase-3, and BAX expression, alongside ameliorated mitochondrial function and morphology. The inhibition of Ca2+ channels presents a viable approach to mitigate ciliary cells damage and sustain proper ciliary muscle function by curtailing the mitochondrial damage induced by excessive contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguo Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangjia Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wenjuan Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on major blinding diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Cao M, Ke D, Zhou H. The role and molecular mechanism of CTHRC1 in fibrosis. Life Sci 2024; 350:122745. [PMID: 38834096 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis, a pathological state characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, is primarily driven by the overactivation of fibroblasts. This condition becomes particularly pronounced under chronic inflammatory conditions. Fibrosis can occur in several tissues throughout the body. Among the notable discoveries in the study of fibrosis is the role of Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing-1 (CTHRC1), a protein that has emerged as a critical regulator in the fibrotic process. CTHRC1 is rapidly expressed on the outer membrane of fibroblasts and intimal smooth muscle cells following vascular injury, such as that induced by balloon angioplasty. This expression denotes the organism efforts to repair and restructure compromised tissue, signifying a critical component of the tissue repair mechanism in reaction to fibrosis. It plays a pivotal role in promoting cell migration and aiding tissue repair post-injury, contributing significantly to various pathophysiological processes including revascularization, bone formation, developmental morphological changes, inflammatory arthritis, and the progression of cancer. Significantly, researchers have observed marked expression of CTHRC1 across a variety of fibrotic conditions, closely associating it with the progression of the disease. Intervention with CTHRC1 can affect the occurrence and progression of fibrosis. This review aims to comprehensively explore the role and underlying mechanisms of CTHRC1 in fibrotic diseases, highlighting its potential as a key target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Xing X, Rodeo SA. Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in fibroblast to myofibroblast transition and fibrotic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1423045. [PMID: 39114349 PMCID: PMC11303237 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1423045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts (FMT) represents a pivotal process in wound healing, tissue repair, and fibrotic diseases. This intricate transformation involves dynamic changes in cellular morphology, gene expression, and extracellular matrix remodeling. While extensively studied at the molecular level, recent research has illuminated the regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in orchestrating FMT. This review explores the emerging roles of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in regulating this intricate process. NcRNAs interface with key signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic mechanisms to fine-tune gene expression during FMT. Their functions are critical in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and disruptions in these regulatory networks have been linked to pathological fibrosis across various tissues. Understanding the dynamic roles of ncRNAs in FMT bears therapeutic promise. Targeting specific ncRNAs holds potential to mitigate exaggerated myofibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. However, challenges in delivery and specificity of ncRNA-based therapies remain. In summary, ncRNAs emerge as integral regulators in the symphony of FMT, orchestrating the balance between quiescent fibroblasts and activated myofibroblasts. As research advances, these ncRNAs appear to be prospects for innovative therapeutic strategies, offering hope in taming the complexities of fibrosis and restoring tissue equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott A. Rodeo
- Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
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Wang J, Lv ZY, Li P, Zhang Y, Li X, Shen DF. Lnc PVT1 facilitates TGF-β1-induced human cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro and ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis in vivo through regulating MYC. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05060-7. [PMID: 38997507 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a commonly seen pathophysiological process in various cardiovascular disorders, such as coronary heart disorder, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy. Cardiac fibroblast trans-differentiation into myofibroblasts (MFs) is a key link in myocardial fibrosis. LncRNA PVT1 participates in fibrotic diseases in multiple organs; however, its role and mechanism in cardiac fibrosis remain largely unknown. Human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were stimulated with TGF-β1 to induce myofibroblast; Immunofluorescent staining, Immunoblotting, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to detect the myofibroblasts phenotypes and lnc PVT1 expression. Cell biological phenotypes induced by lnc PVT1 knockdown or overexpression were detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and Immunoblotting. A mouse model of myocardial fibrosis was induced using isoproterenol (ISO), and the cardiac functions were examined by echocardiography measurements, cardiac tissues by H&E, and Masson trichrome staining. In this study, TGF-β1 induced HCF transformation into myofibroblasts, as manifested as significantly increased levels of α-SMA, vimentin, collagen I, and collagen III; the expression level of lnc PVT1 expression showed to be significantly increased by TGF-β1 stimulation. The protein levels of TGF-β1, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2 were also decreased by lnc PVT1 knockdown. Under TGF-β1 stimulation, lnc PVT1 knockdown decreased FN1, α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III protein contents, inhibited HCF cell viability and enhanced cell apoptosis, and inhibited Smad2/3 phosphorylation. Lnc PVT1 positively regulated MYC expression with or without TGF-β1 stimulation; MYC overexpression in TGF-β1-stimulated HCFs significantly attenuated the effects of lnc PVT1 knockdown on HCF proliferation and trans-differentiation to MFs. In the ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis model, lnc PVT1 knockdown partially reduced fibrotic area, improved cardiac functions, and decreased the levels of fibrotic markers. In addition, lnc PVT1 knockdown decreased MYC and CDK4 levels but increased E-cadherin in mice heart tissues. lnc PVT1 is up-regulated in cardiac fibrosis and TGF-β1-stimulated HCFs. Lnc PVT1 knockdown partially ameliorates TGF-β1-induced HCF activation and trans-differentiation into MFs in vitro and ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis in vivo, potentially through interacting with MYC and up-regulating MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhong-Yin Lv
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xia Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, 830001, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Di-Fei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Jiang C, Jian N, Wang J. Crosstalk of ubiquitin system and non-coding RNA in fibrosis. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3802-3822. [PMID: 39113708 PMCID: PMC11302871 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.93644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic tissue injury triggers changes in the cell type and microenvironment at the site of injury and eventually fibrosis develops. Current research suggests that fibrosis is a highly dynamic and reversible process, which means that human intervention after fibrosis has occurred has the potential to slow down or cure fibrosis. The ubiquitin system regulates the biological functions of specific proteins involved in the development of fibrosis, and researchers have designed small molecule drugs to treat fibrotic diseases on this basis, but their therapeutic effects are still limited. With the development of molecular biology technology, researchers have found that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) can interact with the ubiquitin system to jointly regulate the development of fibrosis. More in-depth explorations of the interaction between ncRNA and ubiquitin system will provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yutong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ni Jian
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
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Liu Y, Zhang T, Pan K, Wei H. Mechanisms and therapeutic research progress in intestinal fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1368977. [PMID: 38947241 PMCID: PMC11211380 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1368977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of chronic intestinal diseases with the characteristics of fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition after chronic inflammation, leading to lumen narrowing, structural and functional damage to the intestines, and life inconvenience for the patients. However, anti-inflammatory drugs are currently generally not effective in overcoming intestinal fibrosis making surgery the main treatment method. The development of intestinal fibrosis is a slow process and its onset may be the result of the combined action of inflammatory cells, local cytokines, and intestinal stromal cells. The aim of this study is to elucidate the pathogenesis [e.g., extracellular matrix (ECM), cytokines and chemokines, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast and intestinal microbiota] underlying the development of intestinal fibrosis and to explore therapeutic advances (such as regulating ECM, cytokines, chemokines, EMT, differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast and targeting TGF-β) based on the pathogenesis in order to gain new insights into the prevention and treatment of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kejian Pan
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - He Wei
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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10
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Feng X, Liu H, Sheng Y, Li J, Guo J, Song W, Li S, Liu Z, Zhou H, Wu N, Wang R, Chu J, Han X, Hu B, Qi Y. Yinchen gongying decoction mitigates CCl 4-induced chronic liver injury and fibrosis in mice implicated in inhibition of the FoxO1/TGF-β1/ Smad2/3 and YAP signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117975. [PMID: 38432576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common reversible consequence of chronic liver damage with limited therapeutic options. Yinchen Gongying decoction (YGD) composed of two homologous plants: (Artemisia capillaris Thunb, Taraxacum monochlamydeum Hand.-Mazz.), has a traditionally application as a medicinal diet for acute icteric hepatitis. However, its impact on LF and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to assess the impact of YGD on a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis and elucidate its possible mechanisms. The study seeks to establish an experimental foundation for YGD as a candidate drug for hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS LC-MS/MS identified 11 blood-entry components in YGD, and network pharmacology predicted their involvement in the FoxO signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Using a CCl4-induced LF mouse model, YGD's protective effects were evaluated in comparison to a positive control and a normal group. The underlying mechanisms were explored through the assessments of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, fibrotic signaling, and inflammation. RESULTS YGD treatment significantly improved liver function, enhanced liver morphology, and reduced liver collagen deposition in CCl4-induced LF mice. Mechanistically, YGD inhibited HSC activation, elevated MMPs/TIMP1 ratios, suppressed the FoxO1/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and YAP pathways, and exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Notably, YGD improved the insulin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION YGD mitigates LF in mice by modulating fibrotic and inflammatory pathways, enhancing antioxidant responses, and specifically inhibiting FoxO1/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and YAP signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Feng
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Hengxu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yifei Sheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jiyuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Wenxuan Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Haoyu Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Naijun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jinxiu Chu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xiaolei Han
- Qian 'an Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Baofeng Hu
- Qian 'an Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yajuan Qi
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; Tangshan Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Medicine Development, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; Department of Endocrinology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063210, China.
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11
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Costa CRR, Chalgoumi R, Baker A, Guillou C, Yamaguti PM, Simancas Escorcia V, Abbad L, Amorin BR, de Lima CL, Cannaya V, Benassarou M, Berdal A, Chatziantoniou C, Cases O, Cosette P, Kozyraki R, Acevedo AC. Gingival proteomics reveals the role of TGF beta and YAP/TAZ signaling in Raine syndrome fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9497. [PMID: 38664418 PMCID: PMC11045870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Raine syndrome (RNS) is a rare autosomal recessive osteosclerotic dysplasia. RNS is caused by loss-of-function disease-causative variants of the FAM20C gene that encodes a kinase that phosphorylates most of the secreted proteins found in the body fluids and extracellular matrix. The most common RNS clinical features are generalized osteosclerosis, facial dysmorphism, intracerebral calcifications and respiratory defects. In non-lethal RNS forms, oral traits include a well-studied hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and a much less characterized gingival phenotype. We used immunomorphological, biochemical, and siRNA approaches to analyze gingival tissues and primary cultures of gingival fibroblasts of two unrelated, previously reported RNS patients. We showed that fibrosis, pathological gingival calcifications and increased expression of various profibrotic and pro-osteogenic proteins such as POSTN, SPARC and VIM were common findings. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins demonstrated that proteins involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation and related to the TGFβ/SMAD signaling pathway were increased. Functional analyses confirmed the upregulation of TGFβ/SMAD signaling and subsequently uncovered the involvement of two closely related transcription cofactors important in fibrogenesis, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Knocking down of FAM20C confirmed the TGFβ-YAP/TAZ interplay indicating that a profibrotic loop enabled gingival fibrosis in RNS patients. In summary, our in vivo and in vitro data provide a detailed description of the RNS gingival phenotype. They show that gingival fibrosis and calcifications are associated with, and most likely caused by excessed ECM production and disorganization. They furthermore uncover the contribution of increased TGFβ-YAP/TAZ signaling in the pathogenesis of the gingival fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio Rodrigues Rezende Costa
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
- Oral Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasília, Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Health Group of Natal (GSAU-NT), Brazilian Air Force, Natal, Parnamirim, Brazil
| | - Rym Chalgoumi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Amina Baker
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Clément Guillou
- Rouen University, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, PBS UMR 6270, 76000, Rouen, France
- Rouen University, INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacles PISSARO, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Paulo Marcio Yamaguti
- Oral Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasília, Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Victor Simancas Escorcia
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
- Grupo de Investigación GENOMA, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Lilia Abbad
- MRS1155, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Bruna Rabelo Amorin
- Oral Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasília, Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Caroline Lourenço de Lima
- Oral Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasília, Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Vidjea Cannaya
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Mourad Benassarou
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpétrière, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
- CRMR O-RARES, Hôpital Rothshild, UFR d'Odontologie-Garancière, Université de Paris Cité, 75012, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Cases
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Cosette
- Rouen University, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, PBS UMR 6270, 76000, Rouen, France
- Rouen University, INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacles PISSARO, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Renata Kozyraki
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France.
- CRMR O-RARES, Hôpital Rothshild, UFR d'Odontologie-Garancière, Université de Paris Cité, 75012, Paris, France.
- Rouen University, UFR SANTE ROUEN NORMANDIE, Inserm 1096, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Oral Molecular Pathophysiology, 75006, Paris, France
- Oral Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasília, Oral Histopathology Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
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12
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Salminen A. AMPK signaling inhibits the differentiation of myofibroblasts: impact on age-related tissue fibrosis and degeneration. Biogerontology 2024; 25:83-106. [PMID: 37917219 PMCID: PMC10794430 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and an accumulation of fibrotic lesions within tissues are two of the distinctive hallmarks of the aging process. Tissue fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells which display an impressive plasticity in the regulation of ECM integrity and thus on tissue homeostasis. Single-cell transcriptome studies have revealed that tissue fibroblasts exhibit a remarkable heterogeneity with aging and in age-related diseases. Excessive stress and inflammatory insults induce the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts which are fusiform contractile cells and abundantly secrete the components of the ECM and proteolytic enzymes as well as many inflammatory mediators. Detrimental stresses can also induce the transdifferentiation of certain mesenchymal and myeloid cells into myofibroblasts. Interestingly, many age-related stresses, such as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses, ECM stiffness, inflammatory mediators, telomere shortening, and several alarmins from damaged cells are potent inducers of myofibroblast differentiation. Intriguingly, there is convincing evidence that the signaling pathways stimulated by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are potent inhibitors of myofibroblast differentiation and accordingly AMPK signaling reduces fibrotic lesions within tissues, e.g., in age-related cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis. AMPK signaling is not only an important regulator of energy metabolism but it is also able to control cell fate determination and many functions of the immune system. It is known that AMPK signaling can delay the aging process via an integrated signaling network. AMPK signaling inhibits myofibroblast differentiation, e.g., by suppressing signaling through the TGF-β, NF-κB, STAT3, and YAP/TAZ pathways. It seems that AMPK signaling can alleviate age-related tissue fibrosis and degeneration by inhibiting the differentiation of myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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13
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Golmakani H, Azimian A, Golmakani E. Newly discovered functions of miRNAs in neuropathic pain: Transitioning from recent discoveries to innovative underlying mechanisms. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069231225845. [PMID: 38148597 PMCID: PMC10851769 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231225845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a widespread clinical issue caused by somatosensory nervous system damage, affecting numerous individuals. It poses considerable economic and public health challenges, and managing it can be challenging due to unclear underlying mechanisms. Nevertheless, emerging evidence suggests that neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation play a role in developing pain patterns. Emerging evidence suggests that neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation play significant roles in developing neuropathic pain within the nervous system. Increased/decreased miRNA expression patterns could affect the progression of neuropathic and inflammatory pain by controlling nerve regeneration, neuroinflammation, and the expression of abnormal ion channels. However, our limited knowledge of miRNA targets hinders a complete grasp of miRNA's functions. Meanwhile, exploring exosomal miRNA, a recently uncovered role, has significantly advanced our comprehension of neuropathic pain's pathophysiology in recent times. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest miRNA studies and explore the possible ways miRNAs might play a role in the development of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Golmakani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Azimian
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Golmakani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Salminen A. The plasticity of fibroblasts: A forgotten player in the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101995. [PMID: 37391015 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells which possess an impressive plasticity in their ability to modify their properties according to the requirements of the microenvironment. There are diverse subgroups of fibroblast phenotypes associated with different tissue pathological conditions, e.g., cancers, wound healing, and many fibrotic and inflammatory conditions. The heterogeneous phenotypes can be subdivided into fibrogenic and non-fibrogenic, inflammatory and immunosuppressive subtypes as well as cellular senescent subsets. A major hallmark of activated fibroblasts is that they contain different amounts of stress fibers combined with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein, i.e., commonly this phenotype has been called the myofibroblast. Interestingly, several stresses associated with the aging process are potent inducers of myofibroblast differentiation, e.g., oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses, extracellular matrix (ECM) disorders, inflammatory mediators, and telomere shortening. Accordingly, anti-aging treatments with metformin and rapamycin inhibited the differentiation of myofibroblasts in tissues. There is evidence that the senescent phenotype induced in cultured fibroblasts does not represent the phenotype of fibroblasts in aged tissues. Considering the versatile plasticity of fibroblasts as well as their frequency and structural importance in tissues, it does seem that fibroblasts are overlooked players in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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15
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Spasovski V, Andjelkovic M, Parezanovic M, Komazec J, Ugrin M, Klaassen K, Stojiljkovic M. The Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Affected Skin and Lungs in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11212. [PMID: 37446389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune inflammatory disorder with multiple organ involvement. Skin changes present the hallmark of SSc and coincide with poor prognosis. Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are the most widely reported complications in SSc patients and the primary cause of death. It has been proposed that the processes of autophagy and apoptosis could play a significant role in the pathogenesis and clinical course of different autoimmune diseases, and accordingly in SSc. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge of autophagy and apoptosis processes in the skin and lungs of patients with SSc. Profiling of markers involved in these processes in skin cells can be useful to recognize the stage of fibrosis and can be used in the clinical stratification of patients. Furthermore, the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes enables the repurposing of already known drugs and the development of new biological therapeutics that aim to reverse fibrosis by promoting apoptosis and regulate autophagy in personalized treatment approach. In SSc-ILD patients, the molecular signature of the lung tissues of each patient could be a distinctive criterion in order to establish the correct lung pattern, which directly impacts the course and prognosis of the disease. In this case, resolving the role of tissue-specific markers, which could be detected in the circulation using sensitive molecular methods, would be an important step toward development of non-invasive diagnostic procedures that enable early and precise diagnosis and preventing the high mortality of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Spasovski
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Andjelkovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Parezanovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Komazec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Ugrin
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristel Klaassen
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Stojiljkovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Zhao YY, Wu ZJ, Zhu LJ, Niu TX, Liu B, Li J. Emerging roles of miRNAs in neuropathic pain: From new findings to novel mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1110975. [PMID: 36873108 PMCID: PMC9981676 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, which results from damage to the somatosensory nervous system, is a global clinical condition that affects many people. Neuropathic pain imposes significant economic and public health burdens and is often difficult to manage because the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. However, mounting evidence indicates a role for neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in pain pattern development. There is increasing evidence that the activation of neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in the nervous system contribute to neuropathic pain. Altered miRNA expression profiles might be involved in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory and neuropathic pain by regulating neuroinflammation, nerve regeneration, and abnormal ion channel expression. However, the lack of knowledge about miRNA target genes prevents a full understanding of the biological functions of miRNAs. At the same time, an extensive study on exosomal miRNA, a newly discovered role, has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain in recent years. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of miRNA research and discusses the potential mechanisms of miRNAs in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong-Xiang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Center for Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
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