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Wu S, Sun X, Hua R, Hu C, Qin L. DDX21 functions as a potential novel oncopromoter in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a comprehensive analysis of the DExD box family. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:333. [PMID: 39095628 PMCID: PMC11297014 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal tumor with an ill-defined pathogenesis. DExD box (DDX) family genes are widely distributed and involved in various RNA metabolism and cellular biogenesis; their dysregulation is associated with aberrant cellular processes and malignancies. However, the prognostic significance and expression patterns of the DDX family in PDAC are not fully understood. The present study aimed to explore the clinical value of DDX genes in PDAC. METHODS Differentially expressed DDX genes were identified. DDX genes related to prognostic signatures were further investigated using LASSO Cox regression analysis. DDX21 protein expression was analyzed using the UALCAN and human protein atlas (HPA) online tools and confirmed in 40 paired PDAC and normal tissues through Tissue Microarrays (TMA). The independent prognostic significance of DDX21 in PDAC was determined through the construction of nomogram models and calibration curves. The functional roles of DDX21 were investigated using gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing assays. RESULTS Upregulation of genes related to prognostic signatures (DDX10, DDX21, DDX60, and DDX60L) was significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients with PDAC based on survival and recurrence time. Considering the expression profile and prognostic values of the signature-related genes, DDX21 was finally selected for further exploration. DDX21 was overexpressed significantly at both the mRNA and protein levels in PDAC compared to normal pancreatic tissues. DDX21 expression, pathological stage, and residual tumor were significant independent prognostic indicators in PDAC. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis revealed that Genes co-expressed with DDX21 are predominantly involved in RNA metabolism, helicase activity, ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle, and various cancer-related pathways, such as PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and TGF-β signaling pathway. Furthermore, in vitro experiments confirmed that the knockdown of DDX21 significantly reduced MIA PaCa-2 cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Four signature-related genes could relatively precisely predict the prognosis of patients with PDAC. Specifically, DDX21 upregulation may signal an unfavorable prognosis by negatively affecting the biological properties of PDAC cells. DDX21 may be considered as a candidate therapeutic target in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruheng Hua
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chundong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Wilson KA, Bar S, Dammer EB, Carrera EM, Hodge BA, Hilsabeck TAU, Bons J, Brownridge GW, Beck JN, Rose J, Granath-Panelo M, Nelson CS, Qi G, Gerencser AA, Lan J, Afenjar A, Chawla G, Brem RB, Campeau PM, Bellen HJ, Schilling B, Seyfried NT, Ellerby LM, Kapahi P. OXR1 maintains the retromer to delay brain aging under dietary restriction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:467. [PMID: 38212606 PMCID: PMC10784588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) delays aging, but the mechanism remains unclear. We identified polymorphisms in mtd, the fly homolog of OXR1, which influenced lifespan and mtd expression in response to DR. Knockdown in adulthood inhibited DR-mediated lifespan extension in female flies. We found that mtd/OXR1 expression declines with age and it interacts with the retromer, which regulates trafficking of proteins and lipids. Loss of mtd/OXR1 destabilized the retromer, causing improper protein trafficking and endolysosomal defects. Overexpression of retromer genes or pharmacological restabilization with R55 rescued lifespan and neurodegeneration in mtd-deficient flies and endolysosomal defects in fibroblasts from patients with lethal loss-of-function of OXR1 variants. Multi-omic analyses in flies and humans showed that decreased Mtd/OXR1 is associated with aging and neurological diseases. mtd/OXR1 overexpression rescued age-related visual decline and tauopathy in a fly model. Hence, OXR1 plays a conserved role in preserving retromer function and is critical for neuronal health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Wilson
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Sudipta Bar
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Brian A Hodge
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Tyler A U Hilsabeck
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Joanna Bons
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | - Jennifer N Beck
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Jacob Rose
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | | | - Grace Qi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | - Jianfeng Lan
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Guanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Afilliated Hospital of Guilin Medican University, Guilin, 541001, Guanxi, China
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
- Département de Génétique et Embryologie Médicale, CRMR des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, GRC ConCer-LD, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Geetanjali Chawla
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institute of Eminence, NH91, Tehsil Dadri, G. B. Nagar, 201314, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rachel B Brem
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Justine Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics and Neuroscience, Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lisa M Ellerby
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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