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Zhang X, Wang F, Chen Q, Zhao Q, Zhao T, Hu X, Liu L, Qi J, Qiao Y, Zhang M, Yang C, Qin J. Identification of QTLs and candidate genes for water-soluble protein content in soybean seeds. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:783. [PMID: 39138389 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean represents a vital source of premium plant-based proteins for human nutrition. Importantly, the level of water-soluble protein (WSP) is crucial for determining the overall quality and nutritional value of such crops. Enhancing WSP levels in soybean plants is a high-priority goal in crop improvement. This study aimed to elucidate the genetic basis of WSP content in soybean seeds by identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and set the foundation for subsequent gene cloning and functional analysis. Using 180 F10 recombinant inbred lines generated by crossing the high-protein soybean cultivar JiDou 12 with the wild variety Ye 9, our researcher team mapped the QTLs influencing protein levels, integrating Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and gene expression profiling to identify candidate genes. During the 2020 and 2022 growing seasons, a standard bell-shaped distribution of protein content trait data was observed in these soybean lines. Eight QTLs affecting protein content were found across eight chromosomes, with LOD scores ranging from 2.59 to 7.30, explaining 4.15-11.74% of the phenotypic variance. Notably, two QTLs were newly discovered, one with a elite allele at qWSPC-15 from Ye 9. The major QTL, qWSPC-19, on chromosome 19 was stable across conditions and contained genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and signaling. Two genes from this QTL, Glyma.19G185700 and Glyma.19G186000, exhibited distinct expression patterns at maturity, highlighting the influence of these genes on protein content. This research revealed eight QTLs for WSP content in soybean seeds and proposed a gene for the key QTL qWSPC-19, laying groundwork for gene isolation and enhanced soybean breeding through the use of molecular markers. These insights are instrumental for developing protein-rich soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Zhang
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Fengmin Wang
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingsong Zhao
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuejie Hu
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Luping Liu
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jin Qi
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yake Qiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Jun Qin
- Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Uhdre R, Coyne CJ, Bourland B, Piaskowski J, Zheng P, Ganjyal GM, Zhang Z, McGee RJ, Main D, Bandillo N, Morales M, Ma Y, Chen C, Franck W, Thrash A, Warburton ML. Association study of crude seed protein and fat concentration in a USDA pea diversity panel. THE PLANT GENOME 2024:e20485. [PMID: 39086082 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a key rotational crop and is increasingly important in the food processing sector for its protein. This study focused on identifying diverse high seed protein concentration (SPC) lines in pea plant genetic resources. Objectives included identifying high-protein pea lines, exploring genetic architecture across environments, pinpointing genes and metabolic pathways associated with high protein, and documenting information for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based marker-assisted selection. From 2019 to 2021, a 487-accession pea diversity panel, More protein, More pea, More profit, was evaluated in a randomized complete block design. DNA was extracted for genomic analysis via genotype-by-sequencing. Phenotypic analysis included protein and fat measurements in seeds and flower color. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) used multiple models, and the Pathways Association Study Tool was used for metabolic pathway analysis. Significant associations were found between SNPs and pea seed protein and fat concentration. Gene Psat7g216440 on chromosome 7, which targets proteins to cellular destinations, including seed storage proteins, was identified as associated with SPC. Genes Psat4g009200, Psat1g199800, Psat1g199960, and Psat1g033960, all involved in lipid metabolism, were associated with fat concentration. GWAS also identified genes annotated for storage proteins associated with fat concentration, indicating a complex relationship between fat and protein. Metabolic pathway analysis identified 20 pathways related to fat and seven to protein concentration, involving fatty acids, amino acid and protein metabolism, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These findings will assist in breeding of high-protein, diverse pea cultivars, and SNPs that can be converted to breeder-friendly molecular marker assays are identified for genes associated with high protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Uhdre
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Clarice J Coyne
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Britton Bourland
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Girish M Ganjyal
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Rebecca J McGee
- USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Dorrie Main
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nonoy Bandillo
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Mario Morales
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chengci Chen
- Eastern Agriculture Research Center, Montana State University, Sidney, Montana, USA
| | - William Franck
- Eastern Agriculture Research Center, Montana State University, Sidney, Montana, USA
| | - Adam Thrash
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing & Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Marilyn L Warburton
- USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Silva JNB, Bueno RD, de Sousa TDJF, Xavier YPM, Silva LCC, Piovesan ND, Ribeiro C, Dal-Bianco M. Exploring SoySNP50K and USDA Germplasm Collection Data to Find New QTLs Associated with Protein and Oil Content in Brazilian Genotypes. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10698-5. [PMID: 38358588 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Genetic diversity within a germplasm collection plays a vital role in the success of breeding programs. However, comprehending this diversity and identifying accessions with desirable traits pose significant challenges. This study utilized publicly available data to investigate SNP markers associated with protein and oil content in Brazilian soybeans. Through this research, twenty-two new QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci) were identified, and we highlighted the substantial influence of Roanoke, Lee and Bragg ancestor on the genetic makeup of Brazilian soybean varieties. Our findings demonstrate that certain markers are being lost in modern cultivars, while others maintain or even increase their frequency. These observations indicate genomic regions that have undergone selection during soybean introduction in Brazil and could be valuable in breeding programs aimed at enhancing protein or oil content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Nayara Basílio Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Genética de Plantas, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 21236570-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Delmond Bueno
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Genética de Plantas, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 21236570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Yan Pablo Moreira Xavier
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Genética de Plantas, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 21236570-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Costa Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Newton Deniz Piovesan
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Genética de Plantas, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 21236570-900, Brazil
| | - Cleberson Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maximiller Dal-Bianco
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Genética de Plantas, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 21236570-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Souza R, Rouf Mian MA, Vaughn JN, Li Z. Introgression of a Danbaekkong high-protein allele across different genetic backgrounds in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1308731. [PMID: 38173927 PMCID: PMC10761420 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1308731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Soybean meal is a major component of livestock feed due to its high content and quality of protein. Understanding the genetic control of protein is essential to develop new cultivars with improved meal protein. Previously, a genomic region on chromosome 20 significantly associated with elevated protein content was identified in the cultivar Danbaekkong. The present research aimed to introgress the Danbaekkong high-protein allele into elite lines with different genetic backgrounds by developing and deploying robust DNA markers. A multiparent population consisting of 10 F5-derived populations with a total of 1,115 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed using "Benning HP" as the donor parent of the Danbaekkong high-protein allele. A new functional marker targeting the 321-bp insertion in the gene Glyma.20g085100 was developed and used to track the Danbaekkong high-protein allele across the different populations and enable assessment of its effect and stability. Across all populations, the high-protein allele consistently increased the content, with an increase of 3.3% in seed protein. A total of 103 RILs were selected from the multiparent population for yield testing in five environments to assess the impact of the high-protein allele on yield and to enable the selection of new breeding lines with high protein and high yield. The results indicated that the high-protein allele impacts yield negatively in general; however, it is possible to select high-yielding lines with high protein content. An analysis of inheritance of the Chr 20 high-protein allele in Danbaekkong indicated that it originated from a Glycine soja line (PI 163453) and is the same as other G. soja lines studied. A survey of the distribution of the allele across 79 G. soja accessions and 35 Glycine max ancestors of North American soybean cultivars showed that the high-protein allele is present in all G. soja lines evaluated but not in any of the 35 North American soybean ancestors. These results demonstrate that G. soja accessions are a valuable source of favorable alleles for improvement of protein composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Souza
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - M. A. Rouf Mian
- Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Justin N. Vaughn
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Athens, GA, United States
| | - Zenglu Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Park HR, Seo JH, Kang BK, Kim JH, Heo SV, Choi MS, Ko JY, Kim CS. QTLs and Candidate Genes for Seed Protein Content in Two Recombinant Inbred Line Populations of Soybean. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3589. [PMID: 37896053 PMCID: PMC10610525 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to discover the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with a high seed protein content in soybean and unravel the potential candidate genes. We developed two recombinant inbred line populations: YS and SI, by crossing Saedanbaek (high protein) with YS2035-B-91-1-B-1 (low protein) and Saedanbaek with Ilmi (low protein), respectively, and evaluated the protein content for three consecutive years. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-marker-based linkage maps, four QTLs were located on chromosomes 15, 18, and 20 with high logarithm of odds values (5.9-55.0), contributing 5.5-66.0% phenotypic variance. In all three experimental years, qPSD20-1 and qPSD20-2 were stable and identified in overlapping positions in the YS and SI populations, respectively. Additionally, novel QTLs were identified on chromosomes 15 and 18. Considering the allelic sequence variation between parental lines, 28 annotated genes related to soybean seed protein-including starch, lipid, and fatty acid biosynthesis-related genes-were identified within the QTL regions. These genes could potentially affect protein accumulation during seed development, as well as sucrose and oil metabolism. Overall, this study offers insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying a high soybean protein content. The identified potential candidate genes can aid marker-assisted selection for developing soybean lines with an increased protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeong Hyun Seo
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Republic of Korea; (H.R.P.); (B.K.K.); (J.H.K.); (S.V.H.); (M.S.C.); (J.Y.K.); (C.S.K.)
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Kim WJ, Kang BH, Kang S, Shin S, Chowdhury S, Jeong SC, Choi MS, Park SK, Moon JK, Ryu J, Ha BK. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Protein, Oil, and Amino Acid Content in Wild Soybean ( Glycine soja). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1665. [PMID: 37111888 PMCID: PMC10143452 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a globally important source of plant proteins, oils, and amino acids for both humans and livestock. Wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.), the ancestor of cultivated soybean, could be a useful genetic source for increasing these components in soybean crops. In this study, 96,432 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 203 wild soybean accessions from the 180K Axiom® Soya SNP array were investigated using an association analysis. Protein and oil content exhibited a highly significant negative correlation, while the 17 amino acids exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with each other. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on the protein, oil, and amino acid content using the 203 wild soybean accessions. A total of 44 significant SNPs were associated with protein, oil, and amino acid content. Glyma.11g015500 and Glyma.20g050300, which contained SNPs detected from the GWAS, were selected as novel candidate genes for the protein and oil content, respectively. In addition, Glyma.01g053200 and Glyma.03g239700 were selected as novel candidate genes for nine of the amino acids (Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, Leu, Lys, Pro, Ser, and Thr). The identification of the SNP markers related to protein, oil, and amino acid content reported in the present study is expected to help improve the quality of selective breeding programs for soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon Ji Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Republic of Korea; (W.J.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Byeong Hee Kang
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (B.H.K.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (S.C.)
- BK21 FOUR Center for IT-Bio Convergence System Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Kang
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (B.H.K.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (S.C.)
- BK21 FOUR Center for IT-Bio Convergence System Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoung Shin
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (B.H.K.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Sreeparna Chowdhury
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (B.H.K.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Soon-Chun Jeong
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Man-Soo Choi
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.C.); (S.-K.P.); (J.-K.M.)
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.C.); (S.-K.P.); (J.-K.M.)
| | - Jung-Kyung Moon
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.C.); (S.-K.P.); (J.-K.M.)
| | - Jaihyunk Ryu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 56212, Republic of Korea; (W.J.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (B.H.K.); (S.K.); (S.S.); (S.C.)
- BK21 FOUR Center for IT-Bio Convergence System Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Han T, Shao Y, Gao R, Gao J, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Yang S, Gao X, Wang L, Li Y. Functional Characterization of a ( E)-β-Ocimene Synthase Gene Contributing to the Defense against Spodoptera litura. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087182. [PMID: 37108345 PMCID: PMC10139113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean is a worldwide crop that offers valuable proteins, fatty acids, and phytonutrients to humans but is always damaged by insect pests or pathogens. Plants have captured sophisticated defense mechanisms in resisting the attack of insects and pathogens. How to protect soybean in an environment- or human-friendly way or how to develop plant-based pest control is a hotpot. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles that are released by multiple plant species have been assessed in multi-systems against various insects, of which (E)-β-ocimene has been reported to show anti-insect function in a variety of plants, including soybean. However, the responsible gene in soybean is unknown, and its mechanism of synthesis and anti-insect properties lacks comprehensive assessment. In this study, (E)-β-ocimene was confirmed to be induced by Spodoptera litura treatment. A plastidic localized monoterpene synthase gene, designated as GmOCS, was identified to be responsible for the biosynthesis of (E)-β-ocimene through genome-wide gene family screening and in vitro and in vivo assays. Results from transgenic soybean and tobacco confirmed that (E)-β-ocimene catalyzed by GmOCS had pivotal roles in repelling a S. litura attack. This study advances the understanding of (E)-β-ocimene synthesis and its function in crops, as well as provides a good candidate for further anti-insect soybean improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jinshan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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