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Iniesta M, Vasconcelos V, Sanz M, Herrera D. Supra- and Subgingival Microbiome in Gingivitis and Impact of Biofilm Control: A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:571. [PMID: 38927237 PMCID: PMC11200379 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review aimed (1) to characterize the sub- and supragingival microbiome in patients with biofilm-induced gingivitis (including experimental gingivitis), (2) to assess its stability and evolution over time, and (3) to assess the impact of biofilm control measures on this stability. An electronic search of the MEDLINE®/PubMed® database until December 2023 was conducted. NCBI Taxonomy, eHOMD 16S rRNA Reference Sequence, and Tree Version 15.23 databases were used to standardize taxonomic nomenclature. Out of 89 papers initially retrieved, 14 studies were finally included: 11 using experimental gingivitis as a model and three randomized clinical trials evaluating the impact of biofilm control measures. Among them, five characterized the subgingival microbiome, nine the supragingival microbiome, and one both the sub- and supragingival microbiome. In addition, five studies evaluated the effect of toothpaste, and four studies evaluated the effect of mouth rinses. The diversity and structure of the microbiome differed significantly between patients with periodontal health and those with biofilm-induced gingivitis (including experimental gingivitis). Those differences were not reversed through conventional oral hygiene measures. Specific antiseptic agents, especially if delivered as mouth rinses, may have an impact on the supra- and subgingival microbiome in gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Iniesta
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Viviane Vasconcelos
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Antonelli R, Ferrari E, Gallo M, Ciociola T, Calciolari E, Spisni A, Meleti M, Pertinhez TA. The Association between Salivary Metabolites and Gingival Bleeding Score in Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5448. [PMID: 38791486 PMCID: PMC11122368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are among the most prevalent diseases in humans. Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation of the gingiva caused by the accumulation of dental plaque. Salivary diagnostics are becoming increasingly popular due to the variation in saliva composition in response to pathological processes. We used a metabolomics approach to investigate whether a specific saliva metabolic composition could indicate preclinical stage of gingivitis. 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to obtain the salivary metabolite profiles of 20 healthy subjects. Univariate/multivariate statistical analysis evaluated the whole saliva metabolite composition, and the Full-Mouth Bleeding Score (FMBS) was employed as a classification parameter. Identifying a signature of specific salivary metabolites could distinguish the subjects with high FMBS scores but still within the normal range. This set of metabolites may be due to the enzymatic activities of oral bacteria and be associated with the early stages of gingival inflammation. Although this analysis is to be considered exploratory, it seems feasible to establish an FMBS threshold that distinguishes between the absence and presence of early inflammatory alterations at the salivary level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Antonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.A.); (E.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Elena Ferrari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (E.F.); (M.G.); (T.A.P.)
| | - Mariana Gallo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (E.F.); (M.G.); (T.A.P.)
| | - Tecla Ciociola
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Elena Calciolari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.A.); (E.C.); (M.M.)
- Center for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Alberto Spisni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (E.F.); (M.G.); (T.A.P.)
| | - Marco Meleti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (R.A.); (E.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Thelma A. Pertinhez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (E.F.); (M.G.); (T.A.P.)
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Muñoz-Medel M, Pinto MP, Goralsky L, Cáceres M, Villarroel-Espíndola F, Manque P, Pinto A, Garcia-Bloj B, de Mayo T, Godoy JA, Garrido M, Retamal IN. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bridge between oral health and immune evasion in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1403089. [PMID: 38807771 PMCID: PMC11130407 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1403089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a gram-negative oral pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis. Previous studies have linked poor oral health and periodontitis with oral cancer. Severe cases of periodontal disease can result in advanced periodontitis, leading to tissue degradation, tooth loss, and may also correlate with higher gastric cancer (GC) risk. In fact, tooth loss is associated with an elevated risk of cancer. However, the clinical evidence for this association remains inconclusive. Periodontitis is also characterized by chronic inflammation and upregulation of members of the Programmed Death 1/PD1 Ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) axis that leads to an immunosuppressive state. Given that chronic inflammation and immunosuppression are conditions that facilitate cancer progression and carcinogenesis, we hypothesize that oral P. gingivalis and/or its virulence factors serve as a mechanistic link between oral health and gastric carcinogenesis/GC progression. We also discuss the potential impact of P. gingivalis' virulence factors (gingipains, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and fimbriae) on inflammation and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in GC which are part of the current standard of care for advanced stage patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Muñoz-Medel
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio P. Pinto
- Support Team for Oncological Research and Medicine (STORM), Santiago, Chile
| | - Lauren Goralsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Patricio Manque
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Pinto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin Garcia-Bloj
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas de Mayo
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A. Godoy
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio N. Retamal
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Shen S, Liu X, Huang J, Sun Y, Liu B, Song W, Meng L, Du M, Feng Q. Efficacy of a mouthwash containing ε-poly-L-lysine, funme peptides and domiphen in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:525. [PMID: 38702623 PMCID: PMC11069150 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of a combination of ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), funme peptide (FP) as well as domiphen against oral pathogens, and assess the efficacy of a BOP® mouthwash supplemented with this combination in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque in a clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the compound against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were determined by the gradient dilution method. Subsequently, the CCK-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of mouthwash on human gingival fibroblastst, and the effectiveness in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque of the mouthwash supplemented with the combination was analyzed by a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled clinical trial. RESULTS The combination exhibited significant inhibitory effects on tested oral pathogens with the MIC < 1.56% (v/v) and the MBC < 3.13% (v/v), and the mouthwash containing this combination did not inhibit the viability of human gingival fibroblasts at the test concentrations. The clinical trial showed that the test group displayed notably lower volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) at 0, 10, 24 h, and 7 d post-mouthwash (P < 0.05), compared with the baseline. After 7 days, the VSC levels of the and control groups were reduced by 50.27% and 32.12%, respectively, and notably cutting severe halitosis by 57.03% in the test group. Additionally, the Plaque Index (PLI) of the test and control group decreased by 54.55% and 8.38%, respectively, and there was a significant difference in PLI between the two groups after 7 days (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination of ε-PL, FP and domiphen demonstrated potent inhibitory and bactericidal effects against the tested oral pathogens, and the newly formulated mouthwash added with the combination exhibited anti-dental plaque and anti-halitosis properties in a clinical trial and was safe. TRIAL REGISTRATION The randomized controlled clinical trial was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300073816, Date: 21/07/2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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5
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Kamel M, Aleya S, Alsubih M, Aleya L. Microbiome Dynamics: A Paradigm Shift in Combatting Infectious Diseases. J Pers Med 2024; 14:217. [PMID: 38392650 PMCID: PMC10890469 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases have long posed a significant threat to global health and require constant innovation in treatment approaches. However, recent groundbreaking research has shed light on a previously overlooked player in the pathogenesis of disease-the human microbiome. This review article addresses the intricate relationship between the microbiome and infectious diseases and unravels its role as a crucial mediator of host-pathogen interactions. We explore the remarkable potential of harnessing this dynamic ecosystem to develop innovative treatment strategies that could revolutionize the management of infectious diseases. By exploring the latest advances and emerging trends, this review aims to provide a new perspective on combating infectious diseases by targeting the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sami Aleya
- Faculty of Medecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Hauts-du-Chazal, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Majed Alsubih
- Department of Civil Engineering, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249, La Bouloie, 25030 Besançon, France
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6
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Atta A, Salem MM, El-Said KS, Mohamed TM. Mechanistic role of quercetin as inhibitor for adenosine deaminase enzyme in rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:14. [PMID: 38225555 PMCID: PMC10790468 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving T and B lymphocytes. Autoantibodies contribute to joint deterioration and worsening symptoms. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme in purine metabolism, influences adenosine levels and joint inflammation. Inhibiting ADA could impact RA progression. Intracellular ATP breakdown generates adenosine, which increases in hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. Lymphocytes with ADA play a role in RA. Inhibiting lymphocytic ADA activity has an immune-regulatory effect. Synovial fluid levels of ADA are closely associated with the disease's systemic activity, making it a useful parameter for evaluating joint inflammation. Flavonoids, such as quercetin (QUE), are natural substances that can inhibit ADA activity. QUE demonstrates immune-regulatory effects and restores T-cell homeostasis, making it a promising candidate for RA therapy. In this review, we will explore the impact of QUE in suppressing ADA and reducing produced the inflammation in RA, including preclinical investigations and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Atta
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Maha M Salem
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Karim Samy El-Said
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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7
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Rahnama-Hezavah M, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Skiba J, Krawiec K, Łobacz M, Grywalska E. How Can Imbalance in Oral Microbiota and Immune Response Lead to Dental Implant Problems? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17620. [PMID: 38139449 PMCID: PMC10743591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated with many complications that may lead to the loss of the implant or the development of the disease, including peri-implantitis. One of the reasons for this condition may be the fact that dental implants cannot yield a proper osseointegration process due to the development of oral microbiota dysbiosis and the accompanying inflammation caused by immunological imbalance. This study aims to present current knowledge as to the impact of oral microflora dysbiosis and deregulation of the immune system on the course of failures observed in dental implantology. Evidence points to a strong correlation between these biological disturbances and implant complications, often stemming from improper osseointegration, pathogenic biofilms on implants, as well as an exacerbated inflammatory response. Technological enhancements in implant design may mitigate pathogen colonization and inflammation, underscoring implant success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
- Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.R.-H.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Julia Skiba
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karol Krawiec
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Łobacz
- Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.R.-H.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
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Constantin M, Chifiriuc MC, Mihaescu G, Vrancianu CO, Dobre EG, Cristian RE, Bleotu C, Bertesteanu SV, Grigore R, Serban B, Cirstoiu C. Implications of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in head and neck cancer: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to early diagnosis and therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1273516. [PMID: 38179168 PMCID: PMC10765588 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1273516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV infection in HNCs, presenting the involved taxons, molecular effectors and pathways, as well as the HPV-associated particularities of genetic and epigenetic changes and of the tumor microenvironment occurred in different stages of tumor development. Oral dysbiosis is associated with the evolution of HNCs, through multiple mechanisms such as inflammation, genotoxins release, modulation of the innate and acquired immune response, carcinogens and anticarcinogens production, generation of oxidative stress, induction of mutations. Thus, novel microbiome-derived biomarkers and interventions could significantly contribute to achieving the desideratum of personalized management of oncologic patients, regarding both early diagnosis and treatment. The results reported by different studies are not always congruent regarding the variations in the abundance of different taxons in HNCs. However, there is a consistent reporting of a higher abundance of Gram-negative species such as Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Treponema, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella, Bacteroidetes, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacterales, which are probably responsible of chronic inflammation and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Candida albicans is the dominant fungi found in oral carcinoma being also associated with shorter survival rate. Specific microbial signatures (e.g., F. nucleatum, Bacteroidetes and Peptostreptococcus) have been associated with later stages and larger tumor, suggesting their potential to be used as biomarkers for tumor stratification and prognosis. On the other hand, increased abundance of Corynebacterium, Kingella, Abiotrophia is associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Microbiome could also provide biomarkers for differentiating between oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers as well as between HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. Ongoing clinical trials aim to validate non-invasive tests for microbiome-derived biomarkers detection in oral and throat cancers, especially within high-risk populations. Oro-pharyngeal dysbiosis could also impact the HNCs therapy and associated side-effects of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. HPV-positive tumors harbor fewer mutations, as well as different DNA methylation pattern and tumor microenvironment. Therefore, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which oral microbiota and HPV infection influence the HNC initiation and progression, screening for HPV infection and vaccination against HPV, adopting a good oral hygiene, and preventing oral dysbiosis are important tools for advancing in the battle with this public health global challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Constantin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Life, Medical and Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences Section, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Grigore Mihaescu
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Cristian
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Ştefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Vifor Bertesteanu
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Grigore
- Coltea Clinical Hospital, ENT, Head & Neck Surgery Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Serban
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- University Emergency Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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9
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Wang D, Yu J, Liu H, Zhang T, Haney EF, Hancock REW, Peng L, Shen Y. Influence of a D-enantiomeric peptide on the anticorrosion ability of titanium with different surface roughness against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. J Dent 2023; 139:104777. [PMID: 37944630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of a d-enantiomeric antibiofilm peptide (DJK-5) on the anticorrosion ability of titanium (Ti) with different surface roughness against Streptococcus mutans biofilms. METHODS Commercially pure Ti disks with machined (MA, smooth) or sandblasted + acid-etched (SLA, rough) surfaces were prepared and characterized. All disks were divided into three groups: a positive control (PC) group with S. mutans, a DJK-5-treated group, and a negative control (NC) group without S. mutans. Biofilm formation and corrosion on Ti surfaces were determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy after 2 and 6 days, and the electrochemical properties were evaluated. RESULTS Ten μg/mL of DJK-5 killed 83.3 % and 87.4 % of biofilms on SLA and MA Ti surfaces, respectively after 2 days, and 72.9 % and 77.7 % after 6 days, with more bacteria surviving on SLA surfaces with higher roughness (p < 0.05). DJK-5 treatment induced less surface defects with tiny pit corrosion than PC. DJK-5 treatment when compared to PC, led to electrochemical properties more reflecting NC surfaces, including significantly less negative corrosion potential, lower corrosion current, and higher passive film resistance (p < 0.05). SLA surfaces exhibited higher current density and lower resistance than MA surfaces (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION DJK-5 effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance of Ti with different surface roughness while killing S. mutans biofilms, and smooth surfaces were more susceptible to peptide treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The antibiofilm peptide is promising for promoting the anticorrosion ability of Ti against biofilms, thereby preventing biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jian Yu
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - He Liu
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Evan F Haney
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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10
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Yoon HS, Kim KS, Jang JH. Factors Related to Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life in Adult Male Inmates: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2848. [PMID: 37957993 PMCID: PMC10648770 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The level of oral health among inmates living in restricted environments is poor. We investigated oral health behaviours and oral symptoms among male inmates and analysed factors related to OHRQoL. Three hundred and seventy-six male inmates in two prisons were investigated using a self-reported questionnaire. The survey items included oral health behaviours, oral symptoms, self-esteem, and OHRQoL level. We analysed the cross-correlations and factors related to OHRQoL. Toothbrushing after lunch and dinner was practiced by 83.5% of male inmates. 'Food impaction' was experienced by 45.4%. The OHRQoL level among male inmates was low, at 39.90 points. A hierarchical multiple regression model that controlled for general characteristics identified the following OHRQoL factors in order of significance: trouble biting/chewing (β = -0.307), toothache (β = -0.154), temporomandibular joint disorder (β = -0.099), and periodontal health (β = 0.089). Self-esteem and OHRQoL were not significantly correlated. To ensure oral health in male inmates, the results of this study suggest that an oral health education programme, as well as the provision of adequate dental care services, is required to increase appropriate oral health practice rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Soo Yoon
- Department of Public Health Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Seon Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Jeonju Kijeon College, Jeonjucheonseo-ro, Jeonju-si 54989, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Hwa Jang
- Department of Public Health Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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11
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Bourgeois D. Next preventive strategies for oral health: evolution or revolution? Front Public Health 2023; 11:1265319. [PMID: 37869210 PMCID: PMC10585020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1265319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Bourgeois
- Health Systemic Process Research Unit UR 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
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12
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Pasarin L, Martu MA, Ciurcanu OE, Luca EO, Salceanu M, Anton D, Martu C, Martu S, Esanu IM. Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles in Gingival Crevicular Fluid. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3051. [PMID: 37835794 PMCID: PMC10572228 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking and diabetes mellitus have been recognized as significant modifying factors of the evolution of periodontitis, being considered at the moment as descriptive factors in the periodontitis grading system. The purpose of this study was to assess the consequence of smoking, type 2 diabetes, and the combination of these two factors on clinical periodontal parameters, on the levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and also on ratios of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by using a commercially available kit-based multiplex fluorescent immunoassay. The study was carried out on 124 volunteers (control (C) group = 29, diabetes mellitus (DM) group = 32, smoking (S) group = 31, and S + DM group = 32). Total mean bleeding on probing was significantly lower in the S and S + DM groups, compared to that of the other groups (p < 0.05). Total amounts of TGF-β, MIP-1α, IL-6, IL-2, and IL-17 were significantly increased in the periodontally healthy sites of diabetes patients (p < 0.05), compared to those of the controls. Systemically healthy smoking patients had higher values of GM-CSF, TGF-β, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-5, and IL-7, while diabetic smoking patients showed higher values of IL-4, TGF-β, and MIP-1α. In smoking and systemically healthy patients, IL-23, IL-7, and IL-12 showed increased concentrations, while concentrations of TGF-β, MIP-1α, IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 were higher in smoking DM patients. In conclusion, in our study, diabetes mellitus induced a general pro-inflammatory state, while smoking mainly stimulated immunosuppression in the periodontal tissues of periodontitis subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Pasarin
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria-Alexandra Martu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Oana Elena Ciurcanu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Elena Odette Luca
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Mihaela Salceanu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Diana Anton
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Dunarea de Jos Galati, 35 Alexandru Ioan Cuza Street, 800010 Galati, Romania;
| | - Cristian Martu
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.M.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Silvia Martu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.P.); (E.O.L.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Irina Mihaela Esanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Str. Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.M.); (I.M.E.)
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13
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Nagakubo D, Kaibori Y. Oral Microbiota: The Influences and Interactions of Saliva, IgA, and Dietary Factors in Health and Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2307. [PMID: 37764151 PMCID: PMC10535076 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in metagenomic analyses have made it easier to analyze microbiota. The microbiota, a symbiotic community of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses within a specific environment in tissues such as the digestive tract and skin, has a complex relationship with the host. Recent studies have revealed that microbiota composition and balance particularly affect the health of the host and the onset of disease. Influences such as diet, food preferences, and sanitation play crucial roles in microbiota composition. The oral cavity is where the digestive tract directly communicates with the outside. Stable temperature and humidity provide optimal growth environments for many bacteria. However, the oral cavity is a unique environment that is susceptible to pH changes, salinity, food nutrients, and external pathogens. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of the oral microbiota, as changes in bacterial composition and balance could contribute to the development of systemic diseases. This review focuses on saliva, IgA, and fermented foods because they play critical roles in maintaining the oral bacterial environment by regulating its composition and balance. More attention should be paid to the oral microbiota and its regulatory factors in oral and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nagakubo
- Division of Health and Hygienic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 7-2-1 Kamiohno, Himeji 670-8524, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kaibori
- Division of Health and Hygienic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 7-2-1 Kamiohno, Himeji 670-8524, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Analytics for Biomolecules, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-0101, Osaka, Japan;
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14
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Hashimoto K. Emerging role of the host microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders: overview and future directions. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3625-3637. [PMID: 37845499 PMCID: PMC10730413 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly focusing on the potential association between the microbiota and various neuropsychiatric disorders. The microbiota resides in various parts of the body, such as the oral cavity, nasal passages, lungs, gut, skin, bladder, and vagina. The gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract has received particular attention due to its high abundance and its potential role in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the microbiota presents in other body tissues, though less abundant, also plays crucial role in immune system and human homeostasis, thus influencing the development and progression of neuropsychiatric disorders. For example, oral microbiota imbalance and associated periodontitis might increase the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Additionally, studies using the postmortem brain samples have detected the widespread presence of oral bacteria in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This article provides an overview of the emerging role of the host microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and discusses future directions, such as underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers associated with the host microbiota, and microbiota-targeted interventions, for research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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15
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Campos J, Pires MF, Sousa M, Campos C, da Costa CFFA, Sampaio-Maia B. Unveiling the Relevance of the Oral Cavity as a Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Site and Potential Source of Antimicrobial Resistance. Pathogens 2023; 12:765. [PMID: 37375455 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is both a human commensal and a pathogen, that causes serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Despite nostrils being considered its preferred host habitat, the oral cavity has been demonstrated to be an ideal starting point for auto-infection and transmission. The antibiotic resistance assessment of S. aureus is a priority and is often reported in clinical settings. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus in the oral and nasal cavities of healthy individuals. The participants (n = 101) were subjected to a demographic and clinical background survey, a caries evaluation, and to oral and nasal swabbing. Swabs were cultured in differential/selective media and S. aureus isolates were identified (MALDI-TOF MS) and tested for antibiotic susceptibility (EUCAST/CLSI). Similar S. aureus prevalence was found exclusively on nasal (13.9%) or oral (12.0%) habitats, whereas 9.9% of the population were simultaneous nasal and oral carriers. In oro-nasal cavities, similar antibiotic resistance rates (83.3-81.5%), including MDR (20.8-29.6%), were observed. Notably, 60% (6/10) of the simultaneous nasal and oral carriers exhibited different antibiotic resistance profiles between cavities. This study demonstrates the relevance of the oral cavity as an independent colonization site for S. aureus and as a potential source of antimicrobial resistance, a role which has been widely neglected so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Campos
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Faria Pires
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Sousa
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Campos
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Fernandes Ferreira Alves da Costa
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Benedita Sampaio-Maia
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
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