1
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Blue hydrogen production from natural gas reservoirs: A review of application and feasibility. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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2
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Paving the Way to the Fuel of the Future-Nanostructured Complex Hydrides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010143. [PMID: 36613588 PMCID: PMC9820751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrides have emerged as strong candidates for energy storage applications and their study has attracted wide interest in both the academic and industry sectors. With clear advantages due to the solid-state storage of hydrogen, hydrides and in particular complex hydrides have the ability to tackle environmental pollution by offering the alternative of a clean energy source: hydrogen. However, several drawbacks have detracted this material from going mainstream, and some of these shortcomings have been addressed by nanostructuring/nanoconfinement strategies. With the enhancement of thermodynamic and/or kinetic behavior, nanosized complex hydrides (borohydrides and alanates) have recently conquered new estate in the hydrogen storage field. The current review aims to present the most recent results, many of which illustrate the feasibility of using complex hydrides for the generation of molecular hydrogen in conditions suitable for vehicular and stationary applications. Nanostructuring strategies, either in the pristine or nanoconfined state, coupled with a proper catalyst and the choice of host material can potentially yield a robust nanocomposite to reliably produce H2 in a reversible manner. The key element to tackle for current and future research efforts remains the reproducible means to store H2, which will build up towards a viable hydrogen economy goal. The most recent trends and future prospects will be presented herein.
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3
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Recent Development in Nanoconfined Hydrides for Energy Storage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137111. [PMID: 35806115 PMCID: PMC9267122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen is the ultimate vector for a carbon-free, sustainable green-energy. While being the most promising candidate to serve this purpose, hydrogen inherits a series of characteristics making it particularly difficult to handle, store, transport and use in a safe manner. The researchers’ attention has thus shifted to storing hydrogen in its more manageable forms: the light metal hydrides and related derivatives (ammonia-borane, tetrahydridoborates/borohydrides, tetrahydridoaluminates/alanates or reactive hydride composites). Even then, the thermodynamic and kinetic behavior faces either too high energy barriers or sluggish kinetics (or both), and an efficient tool to overcome these issues is through nanoconfinement. Nanoconfined energy storage materials are the current state-of-the-art approach regarding hydrogen storage field, and the current review aims to summarize the most recent progress in this intriguing field. The latest reviews concerning H2 production and storage are discussed, and the shift from bulk to nanomaterials is described in the context of physical and chemical aspects of nanoconfinement effects in the obtained nanocomposites. The types of hosts used for hydrogen materials are divided in classes of substances, the mean of hydride inclusion in said hosts and the classes of hydrogen storage materials are presented with their most recent trends and future prospects.
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Aftab A, Hassanpouryouzband A, Xie Q, Machuca LL, Sarmadivaleh M. Toward a Fundamental Understanding of Geological Hydrogen Storage. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Aftab
- Curtin University, Discipline of Petroleum Engineering, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, 6151 Kensington, Australia
- Petroleum Engineering Department, Mehran UET, SZAB, Khairpur Mir’s Campus, 66020 Pakistan
- Energy Resources and Petroleum Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Quan Xie
- Curtin University, Discipline of Petroleum Engineering, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, 6151 Kensington, Australia
| | - Laura L. Machuca
- Curtin Corrosion Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Mohammad Sarmadivaleh
- Curtin University, Discipline of Petroleum Engineering, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, 6151 Kensington, Australia
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5
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Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Systems and the Relevance of a Gender Perspective. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14196158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims at addressing the exploitation of solid-state carriers for hydrogen storage, with attention paid both to the technical aspects, through a wide review of the available integrated systems, and to the social aspects, through a preliminary overview of the connected impacts from a gender perspective. As for the technical perspective, carriers to be used for solid-state hydrogen storage for various applications can be classified into two classes: metal and complex hydrides. Related crystal structures and corresponding hydrogen sorption properties are reviewed and discussed. Fundamentals of thermodynamics of hydrogen sorption evidence the key role of the enthalpy of reaction, which determines the operating conditions (i.e., temperatures and pressures). In addition, it rules the heat to be removed from the tank during hydrogen absorption and to be delivered to the tank during hydrogen desorption. Suitable values for the enthalpy of hydrogen sorption reaction for operating conditions close to ambient (i.e., room temperature and 1–10 bar of hydrogen) are close to 30 kJ·molH2−1. The kinetics of the hydrogen sorption reaction is strongly related to the microstructure and to the morphology (i.e., loose powder or pellets) of the carriers. Usually, the kinetics of the hydrogen sorption reaction is rather fast, and the thermal management of the tank is the rate-determining step of the processes. As for the social perspective, the paper arguments that, as it occurs with the exploitation of other renewable innovative technologies, a wide consideration of the social factors connected to these processes is needed to reach a twofold objective: To assess the extent to which a specific innovation might produce positive or negative impacts in the recipient socioeconomic system and, from a sociotechnical perspective, to explore the potential role of the social components and dynamics in fostering the diffusion of the innovation itself. Within the social domain, attention has been paid to address the underexplored relationship between the gender perspective and the enhancement of hydrogen-related energy storage systems. This relationship is taken into account both in terms of the role of women in triggering the exploitation of hydrogen-based storage playing as experimenter and promoter, and in terms of the intertwined impact of this innovation in their current conditions, at work, and in daily life.
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On the Development of Thermochemical Hydrogen Storage: An Experimental Study of the Kinetics of the Redox Reactions under Different Operating Conditions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at investigating the reduction/oxidation (redox) reaction kinetics on iron oxide pellets under different operating conditions of thermochemical hydrogen storage. In order to reduce the iron oxide pellets (90% Fe2O3, 10% stabilizing cement), hydrogen (H2) is applied in different concentrations with nitrogen (N2), as a carrier gas, at temperatures between between 700 ∘C and 900 ∘C, thus simulating the charging phase. The discharge phase is triggered by the flow of a mixture out of steam (H2O) and N2 at different concentrations in the same temperature range, resulting in the oxidizing of the previously reduced pellets. All investigations were carried out in a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) with a flow rate of 250mL/min. To describe the obtained kinetic results, a simplified analytical model, based on the linear driving force model, was developed. The investigated iron oxide pellets showed a stable redox performance of 23.8% weight reduction/gain, which corresponds to a volumetric storage density of 2.8kWh/(L bulk), also after the 29 performed redox cycles. Recalling that there is no H2 stored during the storage phase but iron, the introduced hydrogen storage technology is deemed very promising for applications in urban areas as day-night or seasonal storage for green hydrogen.
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Dębski A, Terlicka S, Gąsior W, Gierlotka W, Pęska M, Dworecka-Wójcik J, Polański M. Calorimetric Studies of Magnesium-Rich Mg-Pd Alloys. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030680. [PMID: 33540597 PMCID: PMC7867242 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solution calorimetry with liquid aluminum as the bath was conducted to measure the enthalpy of a solution of magnesium and palladium as well as the standard formation enthalpies of selected magnesium-palladium alloys. These alloys were synthesized from pure elements, which were melted in a resistance furnace that was placed in a glove box containing high-purity argon and a very low concentration of impurities, such as oxygen and water vapor. A Setaram MHTC 96 Line evo drop calorimeter was used to determine the energetic effects of the solution. The enthalpies of the Mg and Pd solutions in liquid aluminum were measured at 1033 K, and they equaled −8.6 ± 1.1 and −186.8 ± 1.1 kJ/mol, respectively. The values of the standard formation enthalpy of the investigated alloys with concentrations close to the Mg6Pd, ε, Mg5Pd2, and Mg2Pd intermetallic phases were determined as follows: −28.0 ± 1.2 kJ/mol of atoms, −32.6 ± 1.6 kJ/mol of atoms, −46.8 ± 1.4 kJ/mol of atoms, and −56.0 ± 1.6 kJ/mol of atoms, respectively. The latter data were compared with existing experimental and theoretical data from the literature along with data calculated using the Miedema model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Dębski
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (A.D.); (S.T.); (W.G.)
| | - Sylwia Terlicka
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (A.D.); (S.T.); (W.G.)
| | - Władysław Gąsior
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (A.D.); (S.T.); (W.G.)
| | - Wojciech Gierlotka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufong 974, Taiwan;
| | - Magda Pęska
- Department of Functional Materials and Hydrogen Technology, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.-W.)
| | - Julita Dworecka-Wójcik
- Department of Functional Materials and Hydrogen Technology, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.-W.)
| | - Marek Polański
- Department of Functional Materials and Hydrogen Technology, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.-W.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Grinderslev JB, Jensen TR. Trends in the Series of Ammine Rare-Earth-Metal Borohydrides: Relating Structural and Thermal Properties. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:2573-2589. [PMID: 33499595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ammine metal borohydrides display extreme structural and compositional diversity and show potential applications for solid-state hydrogen and ammonia storage and as solid-state electrolytes. Thirty-two new compounds are reported in this work, and trends in the full series of ammine rare-earth-metal borohydrides are discussed. The majority of the rare-earth metals (RE) form trivalent RE(BH4)3·xNH3 (x = 7-1) compounds, which possess an intriguing crystal chemistry changing with the number of ammonia ligands, varying from structures built from complex ions (x = 5-7), to molecular structures (x = 3, 4), one-dimensional chains (x = 2), and structures built from two-dimensional layers (x = 1). Divalent RE(BH4)2·xNH3 (x = 4, 2, 1) compounds are observed for RE2+ = Sm, Eu, Yb, with structures varying from molecular structures (x = 4) to two-dimensional layered (x = 2, 1) and three-dimensional structures (Yb(BH4)2·NH3). The crystal structure and composition of the compounds depend on the volume of the rare-earth ion. In all structures, NH3 coordinates to the metal, while BH4- has a more flexible coordination and is observed as a bridging and terminal ligand and as a counterion. RE(BH4)3·xNH3 (x = 7-5, 4) releases NH3 stepwise during thermal treatment, while mainly H2 is released for x ≤ 3. In contrast, only NH3 is released from RE(BH4)2·xNH3 due to the lower charge density on the RE2+ ion and higher stability of RE(BH4)2. The thermal stability of RE(BH4)3·xNH3 increase with increasing cation charge density for x = 5, 7, while it decreases for x = 4, 6. For x = 3, the thermal stability decreases with increasing charge density, due to the destabilization of the BH4- group, making it more reactive toward NH3. This research provides a large number of novel compounds and new insight into trends in the crystal chemistry of ammine metal borohydrides and reveals a correlation between the local metal coordination and the thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B Grinderslev
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Torben R Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Grinderslev JB, Andersson MS, Trump BA, Zhou W, Udovic TJ, Karlsson M, Jensen TR. Neutron Scattering Investigations of the Global and Local Structures of Ammine Yttrium Borohydrides. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03629. [PMID: 38487813 PMCID: PMC10938370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Complex metal hydrides are a fascinating and continuously expanding class of materials with many properties relevant for solid-state hydrogen and ammonia storage and solid-state electrolytes. The crystal structures are often investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (PXD), which can be ambiguous. Here, we revisit the crystal structure of Y(11BD4)3·3ND3 with the use of neutron diffraction, which, in comparison to previous PXD studies, provides accurate information about the D positions in the compound. Upon cooling to 10 K, the compound underwent a polymorphic transition, and a new monoclinic low-temperature polymorph denoted as α-Y(11BD4)3·3ND3 was discovered. Furthermore, the series of Y(11BH4)3·xNH3 (x = 0, 3, and 7) were also investigated with inelastic neutron scattering and infrared spectroscopy techniques, which provided information of the local coordination environment of the 11BH4- and NH3 groups and unique insights into the hydrogen dynamics. Partial deuteration using ND3 in Y(11BH4)3·xND3 (x = 3 and 7) allowed for an unambiguous assignment of the vibrational bands corresponding to the NH3 and 11BH4- in Y(11BH4)3·xNH3, due to the much larger neutron scattering cross section of H compared to D. The vibrational spectra of Y(11BH4)3·xNH3 could roughly be divided into three regions: (i) below 55 meV, containing mainly 11BH4- librational motions, (ii) 55-130 meV, containing mainly NH3 librational motions, and (iii) above 130 meV, containing 11B-H and N-H bending and stretching motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B Grinderslev
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Mikael S Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Benjamin A Trump
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Terrence J Udovic
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2115, United States
| | - Maths Karlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Torben R Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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Erratum: Hadjixenophontos, E.; et al. A Review of the MSCA ITN ECOSTORE—Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Efficient and Compact Storage of Renewable Energy as Hydrogen and Electricity. Inorganics 2020, 8, 17. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8110063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
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11
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Beyond Hydrogen Storage—Metal Hydrides as Multifunctional Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8110058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the E-MRS (European Materials Research Society) fall meeting 2019, Symposium L, this Special Issue of Inorganics, entitled “Beyond Hydrogen Storage—Metal Hydrides as Multifunctional Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion”, is dedicated to the wide range of emerging energy-related inorganic hydrogen-containing materials [...]
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Abstract
Ammine metal borohydrides show large compositional and structural diversity, and have been proposed as candidates for solid-state ammonia and hydrogen storage as well as fast cationic conductors. Here, we report the synthesis method of ammine barium borohydrides, Ba(BH4)2·xNH3 (x = 1, 2). The two new compounds were investigated with time-resolved temperature-varied in situ synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy and photographic analysis. The compound Ba(BH4)2·2NH3 crystallizes in an orthorhombic unit cell with space group symmetry Pnc2, and is isostructural to Sr(BH4)2·2NH3, forming octahedral [Ba(NH3)2(BH4)4] complexes, which are connected into a two-dimensional layered structure, where the layers are interconnected by dihydrogen bonds, N–Hδ+⋯−δH–B. A new structure type is observed for Ba(BH4)2·NH3, which crystallizes in an orthorhombic unit cell with space group symmetry P212121, forming a three-dimensional framework structure of [Ba(NH3)(BH4)6] complexes. The structure is built from distorted hexagonal chains, where NH3 groups form dihydrogen bonds to the nearby BH4−-groups within the chain. Ba(BH4)2·2NH3 is unstable at room temperature and releases NH3 in two subsequent endothermic reactions with maxima at 49 and 117 °C, eventually reforming Ba(BH4)2. We demonstrate that the thermal stability and composition of the gas release for the ammine alkaline earth metal borohydrides can be correlated to the charge density of the metal cation, but are also influenced by other effects.
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Baran A, Polański M. Magnesium-Based Materials for Hydrogen Storage-A Scope Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3993. [PMID: 32916910 PMCID: PMC7559164 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium hydride and selected magnesium-based ternary hydride (Mg2FeH6, Mg2NiH4, and Mg2CoH5) syntheses and modification methods, as well as the properties of the obtained materials, which are modified mostly by mechanical synthesis or milling, are reviewed in this work. The roles of selected additives (oxides, halides, and intermetallics), nanostructurization, polymorphic transformations, and cyclic stability are described. Despite the many years of investigations related to these hydrides and the significant number of different additives used, there are still many unknown factors that affect their hydrogen storage properties, reaction yield, and stability. The described compounds seem to be extremely interesting from a theoretical point of view. However, their practical application still remains debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marek Polański
- Department of Functional Materials and Hydrogen Technology, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2 Street, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
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Grinderslev JB, Lee YS, Paskevicius M, Møller KT, Yan Y, Cho YW, Jensen TR. Ammonium–Ammonia Complexes, N2H7+, in Ammonium closo-Borate Ammines: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11449-11458. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B. Grinderslev
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Young-Su Lee
- Center for Energy Materials Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Paskevicius
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Physics and Astronomy, Fuels and Energy Technology Institute (FETI), Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Kasper T. Møller
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Physics and Astronomy, Fuels and Energy Technology Institute (FETI), Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Yigang Yan
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Young Whan Cho
- Center for Energy Materials Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Torben R. Jensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Yang Z, Fengqi Z, Siyu X, Fusheng Y, Ergang Y, Xiaobing R, Zhen W, Zaoxiao Z. Investigation on Adsorption and Decomposition Properties of CL-20/FOX-7 Molecules on MgH 2(110) Surface by First-Principles. Molecules 2020; 25:E2726. [PMID: 32545500 PMCID: PMC7356053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal hydrides are regarded as promising hydrogen-supplying fuel for energetic materials while CL-20 (Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) and FOX-7 (1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene) are typical principal components commonly used in energetic materials. Hence, it is interesting to explore the interactions between them for development of new energetic systems. In this paper, the adsorption and decomposition of CL-20 or FOX-7 molecules on the MgH2 (110) crystal surface were investigated by employing the First-Principles. In total, 18 adsorption configurations for CL-20/MgH2 (110) and 12 adsorption configurations for FOX-7/MgH2 (110) were considered. The geometric parameters for the configurations, adsorption energies, charge transfer, density of states, and decomposition mechanism were obtained and analyzed. In most of the configurations, chemical adsorption will occur. Moreover, the orientation of the nitro-group in CL-20 or FOX-7 with regard to the MgH2 (110) surface plays an important role on whether and how the energetic molecule decomposes. The adsorption and decomposition of CL-20 or FOX-7 on MgH2 could be attributed to the strong charge transfer between Mg atoms in the first layer of MgH2 (110) surface and oxygen as well as nitrogen atoms in the nitro-group of CL-20 or FOX-7 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China; (Z.F.); (X.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Zhao Fengqi
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China; (Z.F.); (X.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Xu Siyu
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China; (Z.F.); (X.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Yang Fusheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yao Ergang
- Laboratory of Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China; (Z.F.); (X.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Ren Xiaobing
- Shanxi Northern Xing’an Chemical Industry CO.LTD, Taiyuan 030008, China;
| | - Wu Zhen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhang Zaoxiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Z.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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16
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Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13123062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is considered to be a potential medium for hydrogen storage, facilitating CO2-free energy systems in the future. Its high volumetric hydrogen density, low storage pressure and stability for long-term storage are among the beneficial characteristics of ammonia for hydrogen storage. Furthermore, ammonia is also considered safe due to its high auto ignition temperature, low condensation pressure and lower gas density than air. Ammonia can be produced from many different types of primary energy sources, including renewables, fossil fuels and surplus energy (especially surplus electricity from the grid). In the utilization site, the energy from ammonia can be harvested directly as fuel or initially decomposed to hydrogen for many options of hydrogen utilization. This review describes several potential technologies, in current conditions and in the future, for ammonia production, storage and utilization. Ammonia production includes the currently adopted Haber–Bosch, electrochemical and thermochemical cycle processes. Furthermore, in this study, the utilization of ammonia is focused mainly on the possible direct utilization of ammonia due to its higher total energy efficiency, covering the internal combustion engine, combustion for gas turbines and the direct ammonia fuel cell. Ammonia decomposition is also described, in order to give a glance at its progress and problems. Finally, challenges and recommendations are also given toward the further development of the utilization of ammonia for hydrogen storage.
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Heere M, Hansen AL, Payandeh S, Aslan N, Gizer G, Sørby MH, Hauback BC, Pistidda C, Dornheim M, Lohstroh W. Dynamics of porous and amorphous magnesium borohydride to understand solid state Mg-ion-conductors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9080. [PMID: 32493958 PMCID: PMC7270138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rechargeable solid-state magnesium batteries are considered for high energy density storage and usage in mobile applications as well as to store energy from intermittent energy sources, triggering intense research for suitable electrode and electrolyte materials. Recently, magnesium borohydride, Mg(BH4)2, was found to be an effective precursor for solid-state Mg-ion conductors. During the mechanochemical synthesis of these Mg-ion conductors, amorphous Mg(BH4)2 is typically formed and it was postulated that this amorphous phase promotes the conductivity. Here, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of as-received γ-Mg(BH4)2 and ball milled, amorphous Mg(BH4)2 confirmed that the conductivity of the latter is ~2 orders of magnitude higher than in as-received γ-Mg(BH4)2 at 353 K. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of the local structure shows striking similarities up to a length scale of 5.1 Å, suggesting similar conduction pathways in both the crystalline and amorphous sample. Up to 12.27 Å the PDF indicates that a 3D net of interpenetrating channels might still be present in the amorphous phase although less ordered compared to the as-received γ-phase. However, quasi elastic neutron scattering experiments (QENS) were used to study the rotational mobility of the [BH4] units, revealing a much larger fraction of activated [BH4] rotations in amorphous Mg(BH4)2. These findings suggest that the conduction process in amorphous Mg(BH4)2 is supported by stronger rotational mobility, which is proposed to be the so-called "paddle-wheel" mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heere
- Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein, Germany.
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany.
| | - Anna-Lena Hansen
- Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein, Germany
| | - SeyedHosein Payandeh
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Neslihan Aslan
- German Engineering Materials Science Centre (GEMS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gökhan Gizer
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Magnus H Sørby
- Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Bjørn C Hauback
- Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Claudio Pistidda
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Martin Dornheim
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Wiebke Lohstroh
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany.
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18
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Grinderslev JB, Ley MB, Lee YS, Jepsen LH, Jørgensen M, Cho YW, Skibsted J, Jensen TR. Ammine Lanthanum and Cerium Borohydrides, M(BH4)3·nNH3; Trends in Synthesis, Structures, and Thermal Properties. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7768-7778. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B. Grinderslev
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Morten B. Ley
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Young-Su Lee
- Center for Energy Materials Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Lars H. Jepsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mathias Jørgensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Young Whan Cho
- Center for Energy Materials Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jørgen Skibsted
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Torben R. Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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