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Li Y, Peng J, Li H, Zhang R, Chen J, Hou X, Yang G. Integrating pyriproxyfen into the incompatible insect technique enhances mosquito population suppression efficiency and eliminates the risk of population replacement. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39072896 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incompatible insect technique (IIT) has been used for Aedes mosquito population suppression to curb the transmission of dengue. However, its wide application is limited owing to the low output of male mosquitoes and the risk of population replacement from the release of fertile Wolbachia-infected females. This study aims to improve IIT efficiency for broader adoption. RESULTS We assessed the impact of 10% pyriproxyfen (PPF) sticky powder exposure on Wolbachia (from Culex molestus)-transinfected Aedes albopictus Guangzhou line (GUA line) (GC) mosquitoes. We found that the exposure caused chronic toxicity in adult mosquitoes without affecting the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI)-inducing capability of males. The PPF-contaminated GC females exhibited significant sterilization and the ability to disseminate lethal doses of PPF to breeding sites. Subsequently, we conducted a field trial combining PPF with IIT aiming to suppress the Ae. albopictus population. This combined approach, termed boosted IIT (BIIT), showed a notable enhancement in population suppression efficiency. The improved efficacy of BIIT was attributed to the dispersion of PPF particles in the field via the released PPF-contaminated male mosquitoes. During the BIIT field trial, no Wolbachia wPip-positive Ae. albopictus larvae were detected, indicating the effective elimination of the risk of Wolbachia-induced population replacement. Additionally, the field trial of BIIT against Ae. albopictus resulted in the suppression of the nontarget mosquito species Culex quinquefasciatus. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the remarkable efficiency and feasibility of combining IIT with PPF in suppressing mosquito populations, facilitating the widespread implementation of IIT-based management of mosquito-borne diseases. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiameng Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexia Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Hou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Kancharlapalli SJ, Brelsfoard CL. The impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen on male and female Aedes albopictus reproductive fitness. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 4:1430422. [PMID: 39015484 PMCID: PMC11250599 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1430422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Control of the mosquito Aedes albopictus is confounded by its behavior due to females preferring to oviposition in small natural and artificial containers that are often difficult to remove or treat with insecticides. Autodissemination strategies utilizing highly potent insect growth regulators (IGRs) have emerged as promising tools for the control of this container-inhabiting species. The intended goal of autodissemination approaches is to use mosquitoes to self-deliver an IGR to these cryptic oviposition locations. Previous studies have focused on the efficacy of these approaches to impact natural populations, but little focus has been placed on the impacts on mosquitoes when exposed to non-lethal doses of IGRs similar to the levels they would be exposed to with autodissemination approaches. Methods In this study, the impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen (PPF) on the reproductive fitness of Ae. albopictus was investigated. Female and male Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were exposed to non-lethal doses of PPF and their fecundity and fertility were measured. To examine the impact of non-lethal doses of PPF, the expression of the ecdysone-regulated genes USP, HR3, and Vg, which are involved in vitellogenesis, was determined. Results Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in female fecundity and in the blood feeding and egg hatching rates upon exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF. Oocyte development was also delayed in PPF-treated females. Furthermore, exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF altered the expression of the genes involved in vitellogenesis, indicating disruption of hormonal regulation. Interestingly, PPF exposure also reduced the sperm production in males, suggesting a potential semi-sterilization effect. Discussion These findings suggest that non-lethal doses of PPF could enhance the efficacy of autodissemination approaches by impacting the reproductive fitness of both males and females. However, further research is needed to validate these laboratory findings in field settings and to assess their practical implications for vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corey L. Brelsfoard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Hribar LJ, Boehmler MB, Murray HL, Pruszynski CA, Leal AL. Mosquito Surveillance and Insecticide Resistance Monitoring Conducted by the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, Monroe County, Florida, USA. INSECTS 2022; 13:927. [PMID: 36292875 PMCID: PMC9603856 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito control programs in the State of Florida are charged with protecting human and animal health, fostering economic development of the State, permitting enjoyment of the natural attractions in Florida, and improving the quality of life of citizens. Mosquito control programs must accomplish these tasks in such a manner as will protect the environment and terrestrial, marine, and freshwater ecosystems. The Florida Keys Mosquito Control District provides a science-based Integrated Pest Management mosquito control program to the residents of the Florida Keys, Monroe County, Florida. Operational decisions are based on surveillance of adult and immature mosquitoes. Mosquito populations are monitored by means of carbon dioxide-baited light traps BG Sentinel traps, truck traps, gravid traps, oviposition traps, and human landing rate counts. Larvae and pupae are monitored by inspections of natural and human-made immature habitats. Due to past and current reliance on chemical pesticides for control of mosquitoes, the District maintains a pesticide resistance detection program consisting of CDC bottle bioassays and larval bioassays, challenging local mosquito species with currently used adulticides and larvicides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heidi L. Murray
- Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, Marathon, FL 33030, USA
| | | | - Andrea L. Leal
- Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, Marathon, FL 33030, USA
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Silva EB, Mendonça CM, Mendonça JDA, Dias ESF, Florêncio SGL, Guedes DRD, Paiva MHS, Amaral A, Netto AM, Melo-Santos MAV. Effects of gamma radiation on the reproductive viability of Aedes aegypti and its descendants (Diptera: Culicidae). Acta Trop 2022; 228:106284. [PMID: 34922909 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the genetic damage in descendants of male pupae of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) separately exposed to 20, 30, and 40 Gy of gamma radiation in the context of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). Despite the transmission of the dominant lethal mutation, the employed dose levels did not promote a marked reduction in adult mosquito emergence and fertility. This study emphasized that semi-sterilizing doses < 50 Gy for SIT of Aedes aegypti are not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvane Borges Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Group of Studies in Radioprotection and Radioecology (GERAR), Department of Nuclear Energy (DEN), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Messias Mendonça
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jaziela de Arruda Mendonça
- Department of Entomology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IAM/Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Sloana Giesta Lemos Florêncio
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Group of Studies in Radioprotection and Radioecology (GERAR), Department of Nuclear Energy (DEN), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva
- Department of Entomology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IAM/Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro Acadêmico do Agreste (CAA), Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ademir Amaral
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Group of Studies in Radioprotection and Radioecology (GERAR), Department of Nuclear Energy (DEN), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Maciel Netto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Group of Studies in Radioprotection and Radioecology (GERAR), Department of Nuclear Energy (DEN), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Dieng H, McLean S, Stradling H, Morgan C, Gordon M, Ebanks W, Ebanks Z, Wheeler A. Aquatain® causes anti-oviposition, egg retention and oocyte melanization and triggers female death in Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:100. [PMID: 35317811 PMCID: PMC8939118 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In arboviral disease systems where the virus can be transmitted from male to female vectors and from one generation to the next, targeting the female (especially when she is gravid) can help alter the persistence of the virus in nature and its transmission. A typical example is Aedes aegypti, which has become unmanageable due to the development of insecticide resistance. Despite evidence that monomolecular surface films prevent the selection of genetic resistance, their potential in Aedes vector control remains largely unexplored. Methods We examined the oviposition, egg retention, oocyte melanization, and female mortality of the Cayman Islands strain of Ae. aegypti, using choice (balanced and unbalanced) and no-choice bioassays involving Aquatain® Mosquito Formulation (AMF; Aquatain Products Pty Ltd.), a polydimethylsiloxane–based liquid used for mosquito control. Results When presented with similar opportunities to oviposit in two sites treated with AMF and two other sites with untreated water (control), egg deposition rates were significantly higher in the untreated water sites than in the AMF-treated sites (P < 0.05). We also observed a matching pattern of egg deposition preference in environments with more options in terms of AMF-treated sites. Females laid significantly more eggs when water was the only available medium than when all sites were treated with AMF (P < 0.05). Also, significantly more mature eggs were withheld in the AMF no-choice environment than in the no-choice test involving only water (P < 0.05). Internal oocyte melanization was not observed in females from the oviposition arenas with the lowest AMF presence (equal-choice and water-based no-choice); in contrast, this physiological response intensified as the number of AMF-treated sites increased. Female death occurred at high rates in AMF-treated environments, and this response increased with the increasing presence of such egg deposition sites. Conclusions This study demonstrated that AMF acted as a deterrent signal to ovipositing Ae. aegypti and as an indirect adulticide. These results suggest that AMF may be a promising control tool against the dengue vector, and this warrants further evaluation under field settings. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamady Dieng
- Mosquito Research and Control Unit (MRCU), George Town, Cayman Islands.
| | - Storm McLean
- The University College of the Cayman Islands, Olympic Way, George Town, Cayman Islands
| | | | - Cole Morgan
- The Forensic Department, Health Services Authority, George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Malik Gordon
- The University College of the Cayman Islands, Olympic Way, George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Whitney Ebanks
- Mosquito Research and Control Unit (MRCU), George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Zoila Ebanks
- Mosquito Research and Control Unit (MRCU), George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Alan Wheeler
- Mosquito Research and Control Unit (MRCU), George Town, Cayman Islands
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Indirect transfer of pyriproxyfen to European honeybees via an autodissemination approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009824. [PMID: 34648501 PMCID: PMC8516248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency of arboviral disease epidemics is increasing and vector control remains the primary mechanism to limit arboviral transmission. Container inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are the primary vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Current vector control methods for these species are often ineffective, suggesting the need for novel control approaches. A proposed novel approach is autodissemination of insect growth regulators (IGRs). The advantage of autodissemination approaches is small amounts of active ingredients compared to traditional insecticide applications are used to impact mosquito populations. While the direct targeting of cryptic locations via autodissemination seems like a significant advantage over large scale applications of insecticides, this approach could actually affect nontarget organisms by delivering these highly potent long lasting growth inhibitors such as pyriproxyfen (PPF) to the exact locations that other beneficial insects visit, such as a nectar source. Here we tested the hypothesis that PPF treated male Ae. albopictus will contaminate nectar sources, which results in the indirect transfer of PPF to European honey bees (Apis mellifera). We performed bioassays, fluorescent imaging, and mass spectrometry on insect and artificial nectar source materials to examine for intra- and interspecific transfer of PPF. Data suggests there is direct transfer of PPF from Ae. albopictus PPF treated males and indirect transfer of PPF to A. mellifera from artificial nectar sources. In addition, we show a reduction in fecundity in Ae. albopictus and Drosophila melanogaster when exposed to sublethal doses of PPF. The observed transfer of PPF to A. mellifera suggests the need for further investigation of autodissemination approaches in a more field like setting to examine for risks to insect pollinators. Autodissemination approaches have attracted a significant amount of attention for mosquito control because of the advantages of self-delivery of small amounts of highly potent insect growth regulators (IGRs) such as pyriproxyfen (PPF) to oviposition locations. However, while PPF may be delivered to oviposition locations by the mosquito vehicles, these treated mosquitoes may also be delivering PPF to nectar sources that other insects may visit, in particular important insect pollinators. Here we have examined for the direct transfer of PPF to nectar sources and the indirect transfer to the European honey bee. We show PPF is being deposited on artificial nectar sources and is being indirectly transferred to European honey bees. The results are discussed in reference to the potential risks to important insect pollinators of using autodissemination approaches for mosquito control.
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Benedict MQ. Sterile Insect Technique: Lessons From the Past. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1974-1979. [PMID: 33629719 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When E.F. Knipling conceived of the release of sexually sterile insects to suppress wild populations, he laid down several fundamental qualities that characterized suitable target species-some of which mosquitoes generally violate-including high reproductive rates and large population numbers. Regardless of this, their global importance in public health has led numerous research teams to attempt to use the mosquito sterile insect technique against several species. Because of the degree of financial commitment required for suppression programs, most releases have consisted of preliminary investigations of male performance, population characteristics, and production methods. Those that have accomplished suppression provide important insights regarding the challenges of production, dispersal, and immigration. Insights gained from these studies remain relevant today, regardless of the genetic control technology being applied. In this article, I highlight studies that were notable for the insights that were gained, the intrinsic difficulties that mosquitoes present, and synthesize these into recommendations for successful applications of the sterile insect technique and newer technologies to mosquitoes.
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Reyes-Villanueva F, Russell TL, Rodríguez-Pérez MA. Estimating Contact Rates Between Metarhizium anisopliae-Exposed Males With Female Aedes aegypti. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:616679. [PMID: 33996617 PMCID: PMC8116745 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.616679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Effective control of Aedes aegypti will reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika; however, control programs are increasingly threatened by the rapid development of insecticide resistance. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel vector control tools, such as auto-dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. The aim of this study was to estimate contact rates of M. anisopliae-exposed males with wild female Ae. aegypti. As a control the contact rates of untreated males with wild females was contrasted. Methods The study was conducted in Reynosa, Mexico. The treatment and control households (n = 15 per group) were geographically separated by an arid and hot area that naturally prevented the flight of males between arms. In each control household, 40 M. anisopliae-exposed male Ae. aegypti were released per week for 8 weeks (specimens were exposed to a concentration of 5.96 × 107 conidia/cm2 for 24 h; n = 4,800 males). In each control household, 40 untreated males were released per week for 8 weeks (n = 4,800 males). All specimens were dust-marked prior to release. Mosquito abundance was monitored with human landing collections, and captured Ae. aegypti were examined for any dust-marking. Results In the treatment households, the contact rate of Ae. aegypti females with marked, fungus-treated males was 14% (n = 29 females marked from 197). Where in the control households, the contact rate of females with marked, untreated males was only 6% (n = 22 marked from 365). In the treatment households the recapture rate of released males was at 5% and higher than that for the control households (which was 2%). Auto-dissemination of M. anisopliae from infected males to female Ae. aegypti was demonstrated through the recovery of an infected female from the floor of a household. Conclusions Overall, the contact rate between M. anisopliae-infected males with the natural female population was 60% higher than for the control group of healthy males. The results provide further support to the release of fungus-exposed males as a potentially useful strategy against Ae. aegypti, though further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiberto Reyes-Villanueva
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Ciudad Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Tanya L Russell
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Mario A Rodríguez-Pérez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Ciudad Reynosa, Mexico
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McGregor BL, Connelly CR. A Review of the Control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Continental United States. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:10-25. [PMID: 32829398 PMCID: PMC7855389 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L) is an anthropophilic mosquito involved in the transmission of a variety of viral pathogens worldwide including dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. This species, native to Africa, is well established in the continental U.S. (CONUS) and occasionally contributes to localized outbreaks of viral diseases. In the last seven decades, mosquito control programs in the CONUS have been focused on vectors of eastern equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and West Nile viruses, as well as nuisance species. Aedes aegypti receives little control focus except during outbreak periods, which has led to a lack of information on appropriate and effective control options targeting Ae. aegypti in the CONUS. As such, in the event of an Ae. aegypti-borne arboviral outbreak in the CONUS, there are limited evidence-based control recommendations or protocols in place. Autochthonous outbreaks of Ae. aegypti-borne pathogens have occurred recently in the CONUS, including dengue outbreaks in 2010 and 2013, a chikungunya outbreak in 2014, and the 2016 outbreak of Zika virus. The increasing frequency of Ae. aegypti-borne outbreaks necessitates increased attention and research on control of this species to prevent and mitigate future outbreaks. This review consolidates and synthesizes the available literature on control of Ae. aegypti, specifically within the CONUS, focusing on data generated through operational applications as well as field and semifield experiments. The purpose of this review is to identify and highlight areas where additional research is needed. The review covers chemical control and insecticide resistance, biological control, source reduction, trapping, and alternative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany L. McGregor
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, 100 ORAU Way, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas 66502
| | - C. Roxanne Connelly
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521
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Shults P, Cohnstaedt LW, Adelman ZN, Brelsfoard C. Next-generation tools to control biting midge populations and reduce pathogen transmission. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:31. [PMID: 33413518 PMCID: PMC7788963 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biting midges of the genus Culicoides transmit disease-causing agents resulting in a significant economic impact on livestock industries in many parts of the world. Localized control efforts, such as removal of larval habitat or pesticide application, can be logistically difficult, expensive and ineffective if not instituted and maintained properly. With these limitations, a population-level approach to the management of Culicoides midges should be investigated as a means to replace or supplement existing control strategies. Next-generation control methods such as Wolbachia- and genetic-based population suppression and replacement are being investigated in several vector species. Here we assess the feasibility and applicability of these approaches for use against biting midges. We also discuss the technical and logistical hurdles needing to be addressed for each method to be successful, as well as emphasize the importance of addressing community engagement and involving stakeholders in the investigation and development of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Shults
- Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Lee W Cohnstaedt
- USDA-ARS Arthropod Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Zach N Adelman
- Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Staunton KM, Rohde BB, Townsend M, Liu J, Desnoyer M, Howell P, Amos B, Crawford J, Snoad N, Ritchie SA. Investigating Male Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Attraction to Different Oviposition Containers Using Various Configurations of the Sound Gravid Aedes Trap. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:957-961. [PMID: 31799614 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), the primary vectors of the arboviruses dengue virus and Zika virus, continue to expand their global distributions. In efforts to better control such species, several mosquito control programs are investigating the efficacy of rearing and releasing millions of altered male Aedes throughout landscapes to reduce populations and disease transmission risk. Unfortunately, little is known about Ae. aegypti, especially male, dispersal behaviors within urban habitats. We deployed Sound-producing Gravid Aedes Traps (SGATs) in Cairns, northern Australia, to investigate male Ae. aegypti attraction to various oviposition container configurations. The traps were arranged to include: 1) water only, 2) organically infused water, 3) infused water and L3 larvae, 4) infused water and a human-scented lure, and lastly 5) no water or olfactory attractant (dry). Our data suggest that males were more attracted to SGATs representing active larval sites than potential larval sites, but were equally attracted to dry SGATs relative to those containing water and/or infusion. Additionally, we found that female Ae. aegypti were equally attracted to wet SGATs, with or without infusion, but not dry ones. These results suggest that male Ae. aegypti within northern Australia are more attracted to active larval sites and equally attracted to dry containers as wet or infused ones. Additionally, female Ae. aegypti are unlikely to enter dry containers. Such findings contribute to our understanding of potentially attractive features for local and released Ae. aegypti throughout the northern Australian urban landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyran M Staunton
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
| | - Barukh B Rohde
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Michael Townsend
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
| | - Jianyi Liu
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Paul Howell
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Brogan Amos
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | | | - Nigel Snoad
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Scott A Ritchie
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia
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