1
|
Canfora L, Tartanus M, Manfredini A, Tkaczuk C, Majchrowska-Safaryan A, Malusà E. The impact of Beauveria species bioinocula on the soil microbial community structure in organic strawberry plantations. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1073386. [PMID: 36713158 PMCID: PMC9874679 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1073386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The multifunctionality of microorganisms, including entomopathogenic fungi, represents a feature that could be exploited to support the development, marketing, and application of microbial-based products for plant protection. However, it is likely that this feature could affect the composition and dynamics of the resident soil microorganisms, possibly over a longer period. Therefore, the methodology utilized to evaluate such impact is critical for a reliable assessment. The present study was performed to evaluate the impact of strains of Beauveria brongniartii and Beauveria bassiana on soil bacterial and fungal communities using an approach based on the terminal restriction fragment polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Materials and methods Soil samples in the vicinity of the root system were collected during a 3-year period, before and after the bioinocula application, in two organic strawberry plantations. Specific primers were used for the amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the fungal ITS region of the ribosome. Results and discussion Data of the profile analysis from T-RFLP analysis were used to compare the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) occurrence and intensity in the inoculated soil with the uninoculated control. With regard to the impact on the bacterial community, both Beauveria species were not fully consistently affecting their composition across the seasons and fields tested. Nevertheless, some common patterns were pointed out in each field and, sometimes, also among them when considering the time elapsed from the bioinoculum application. The impact was even more inconsistent when analyzing the fungal community. It is thus concluded that the application of the bioinocula induced only a transient and limited effect on the soil microbial community, even though some changes in the structure dynamic and frequency of soil bacterial and fungal OTUs emerged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Canfora
- Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Loredana Canfora,
| | - Małgorzata Tartanus
- Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy,Department of Plant Protection, National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland
| | - Andrea Manfredini
- Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Cezary Tkaczuk
- Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Anna Majchrowska-Safaryan
- Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Eligio Malusà
- Department of Plant Protection, National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland,Eligio Malusà,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al Khoury C, Nemer G, Humber R, El-Hachem N, Guillot J, Chehab R, Noujeim E, El Khoury Y, Skaff W, Estephan N, Nemer N. Bioexploration and Phylogenetic Placement of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus Beauveria in Soils of Lebanon Cedar Forests. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:924. [PMID: 34829214 PMCID: PMC8622946 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cedar forests of Lebanon have been threatened by the outbreak caused by climate change of a web-spinning sawfly, Cephalcia tannourinensis (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), which negatively impacted the survival of one of the oldest tree species on earth. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of naturally soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi for their role in containing the massive outbreak of this insect. We used a combination of fungal bioexploration methods, including insect bait and selective media. Morphological features and multilocus phylogeny-based on Sanger sequencing of the transcripts encoding the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-α), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RBP2), and the nuclear intergenic region (Bloc) were used for species identification. The occurrence rate of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) varied with location, soil structure, forest structure, and isolation method. From 15 soil samples positive for fungal occurrence, a total of 249 isolates was obtained from all locations using different isolation methods. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of two novel indigenous species: Beauveria tannourinensis sp. nov. and Beauveria ehdenensis sp. nov. In conclusion, the present survey was successful (1) in optimizing the isolation methods for EPF, (2) investigating the natural occurrence of Beauveria spp. in outbreak areas of C. tannourinensis, and (3) in characterizing the presence of new Beauveria species in Lebanese cedar forest soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Al Khoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, Byblos Campus, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- Division of Genomics and Translational Biomedicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 110236, Lebanon;
| | - Richard Humber
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853-2901, USA;
| | - Nehme El-Hachem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 110236, Lebanon;
| | - Jacques Guillot
- Department of Dermatology Parasitology and Mycology, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, P.O. Box 44307 Nantes, France;
| | - Racha Chehab
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon;
| | - Elise Noujeim
- National Center for Marine Sciences, National Council for Scientific Research—CNRS, Beirut P.O. Box 11-8281, Lebanon; (E.N.); (Y.E.K.)
| | - Yara El Khoury
- National Center for Marine Sciences, National Council for Scientific Research—CNRS, Beirut P.O. Box 11-8281, Lebanon; (E.N.); (Y.E.K.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti (Di.S.S.P.A.), Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, P.O. Box 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Wadih Skaff
- Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs d’Agronomie Méditerranéenne, Université Saint Joseph, Taanayel, Zahlé P.O. Box 159, Lebanon;
| | - Nathalie Estephan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon;
| | - Nabil Nemer
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manfredini A, Malusà E, Costa C, Pallottino F, Mocali S, Pinzari F, Canfora L. Current Methods, Common Practices, and Perspectives in Tracking and Monitoring Bioinoculants in Soil. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:698491. [PMID: 34531836 PMCID: PMC8438429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.698491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms promised to lead the bio-based revolution for a more sustainable agriculture. Beneficial microorganisms could be a valid alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers or pesticides. However, the increasing use of microbial inoculants is also raising several questions about their efficacy and their effects on the autochthonous soil microorganisms. There are two major issues on the application of bioinoculants to soil: (i) their detection in soil, and the analysis of their persistence and fate; (ii) the monitoring of the impact of the introduced bioinoculant on native soil microbial communities. This review explores the strategies and methods that can be applied to the detection of microbial inoculants and to soil monitoring. The discussion includes a comprehensive critical assessment of the available tools, based on morpho-phenological, molecular, and microscopic analyses. The prospects for future development of protocols for regulatory or commercial purposes are also discussed, underlining the need for a multi-method (polyphasic) approach to ensure the necessary level of discrimination required to track and monitor bioinoculants in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Manfredini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Eligio Malusà
- National Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Corrado Costa
- Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of the Agricultural Economy, Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Federico Pallottino
- Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of the Agricultural Economy, Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Stefano Mocali
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Pinzari
- Institute for Biological Systems, Council of National Research of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Loredana Canfora
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|