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Braghini A, Lima VDO, Dami BG, Souza JMR, Barbosa EP, Figueiredo GP, Paula WBDS, Rodriguez-Saona C, Vacari AM. Testing the Effects of Prey Type on the Life History and Population-Level Parameters of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). INSECTS 2024; 15:330. [PMID: 38786886 PMCID: PMC11122253 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Green lacewings are valuable predators, utilized in augmentative biological control against various agricultural pests. However, further studies are required to comprehend the performance of these predators when consuming natural prey. We investigated the capacity of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) to utilize the following three distinct prey types: the pupae of the coffee leaf miner Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville & Perrottet), the eggs of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (F.), and the eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller). The first two of these species are naturally occurring prey found in field crops, while the last serves as a factitious prey species for the mass rearing of natural enemies. We hypothesized that the type of prey would differentially affect the life history and population-level parameters of C. externa. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the pre-imaginal survival and developmental times, adult longevity and reproduction, and population growth of C. externa when larvae were provided with each of the three prey items. Results indicated that C. externa utilized the two natural prey items, L. coffeella pupae and D. saccharalis eggs, for its development, reproduction, and population growth. However, larvae developed significantly faster and females exhibited higher reproductive parameters, including fecundity and daily oviposition, when consuming the factitious prey, E. kuehniella eggs. This resulted in a higher intrinsic rate of population increase, as well as shorter times for the population to double in size. Understanding the population dynamics of C. externa when consuming different prey items is crucial for optimizing their utilization in augmentative biological control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agda Braghini
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
- Yara Brazil, Rua Diogo Moreira, 184, São Paulo 05423-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
| | - Bruno Gomes Dami
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
- Abrafol, Rua Antônio Ribas, 391, Distrito Industrial, Brodowski 14340-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Mendes Rodrigues Souza
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
| | - Enes Pereira Barbosa
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
- EMATER, Claraval 37997-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Pincerato Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
- GPF Agricultural Research, Cristais Paulista 14460-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Wesley Bordinhon da Silva Paula
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- P.E. Marucci Center, Rutgers University, 125A Lake Oswego Rd., Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA;
| | - Alessandra Marieli Vacari
- Laboratory of Entomology, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Avenida Dr Armando Sales de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil; (A.B.); (V.d.O.L.); (B.G.D.); (J.M.R.S.); (E.P.B.); (G.P.F.); (W.B.d.S.P.)
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Rodríguez-Gómez A, Donate A, Sánchez-Martínez I, Balanza V, Abelaira AB, Reche MDC, Bielza P. Inheritance and Biological Characterization of an Orange-nymph Mutant in Orius laevigatus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). INSECTS 2022; 13:996. [PMID: 36354820 PMCID: PMC9699054 DOI: 10.3390/insects13110996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A mutation showing a distinct orange color in the nymph stages was found in Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), a key biological control agent in protected crops, used to control small pests, especially thrips. A laboratory strain carrying this body color mutation ambar was established. Genetic analysis determined that the mutation (ambar) was controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele. Some biological and ecological characteristics of this orange strain were compared to a normal population. Longevity, fecundity and fertility were similar in both populations, but immature survival, development rate, body size, starvation tolerance and predation capacity were inferior in the orange strain. The utility of the orange mutant as a visible marker for biological and ecological studies of this important biological control agent is discussed.
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