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Liu H, Li J, He Y, Zheng T, Lin H, Xu C, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Lin C, Shen Z. Characterization of transgenic insect resistant sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) expressing fusion protein Cry1Ab-Vip3Af2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 281:136219. [PMID: 39362429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Lepidopteran pests frequently cause significant damage to Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus). In this study, the insect resistant fusion gene Cry1Ab-Vip3Af2 was transformed into sunflower by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A transgenic event, named MCPN-7, was selected and characterized for its high resistance to both yellow peach moth (Dichocrocis punctiferalis) and cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), two polyphagous pests feeding on various plants including sunflower. The neonates of both species feeding on MCPN-7 resulted to 100 % mortality within 72 h in laboratory bioassays. No significant damage caused by the two insects was observed in field trials of MCPN-7. ELISA analysis revealed that the fusion protein was predominantly expressed in leaves, seeds and heads. The flanking genomic sequence of the T-DNA of the event MCPN-7 was determined and confirmed by PCR analysis. In conclusion, the transgenic sunflowers obtained in this study is highly resistant to wide spectrum of Lepidopteran insect pests and could potentially be a candidate event for commercial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yiyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Hangzhou Ruifeng Biosciences Co., Ltd., 1500 Wenyi Road, Building 1, Room103, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Hangzhou Ruifeng Biosciences Co., Ltd., 1500 Wenyi Road, Building 1, Room103, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Hangzhou Ruifeng Biosciences Co., Ltd., 1500 Wenyi Road, Building 1, Room103, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chaoyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhicheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China; Hangzhou Ruifeng Biosciences Co., Ltd., 1500 Wenyi Road, Building 1, Room103, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Duan Y, Yao X, Li P, Zhao Y, Zhang B, An S, Wei J, Li X. Death-Associated LIM-Only Protein Reduces Cry1Ac Toxicity by Sequestration of Cry1Ac Protoxin and Activated Toxin in Helicoverpa armigera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18708-18719. [PMID: 39106049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The extensive use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in pest management has driven the evolution of pest resistance to Bt toxins, particularly Cry1Ac. Effective management of Bt resistance necessitates a good understanding of which pest proteins interact with Bt toxins. In this study, we screened a Helicoverpa armigera larval midgut cDNA library and captured 208 potential Cry1Ac-interacting proteins. Among these, we further examined the interaction between Cry1Ac and a previously unknown Cry1Ac-interacting protein, HaDALP (H. armigera death-associated LIM-only protein), as well as its role in toxicology. The results revealed that HaDALP specifically binds to both the Cry1Ac protoxin and activated toxin, significantly enhancing cell and larval tolerance to Cry1Ac. Additionally, HaDALP was overexpressed in a Cry1Ac-resistant H. armigera strain. These findings reveal a greater number of Cry1Ac-interacting proteins than previously known and demonstrate, for the first time, that HaDALP reduces Cry1Ac toxicity by sequestering both the protoxin and activated toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Duan
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xue Yao
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pin Li
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuge Zhao
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shiheng An
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jizhen Wei
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xianchun Li
- Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Wang L, Xu M, He L, Wei W, Xu D, Cong S, Liu K, Wan P. Mutation in PgABCC2 confers low-level resistance to Cry1Ac in pink bollworm. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3326-3333. [PMID: 38380740 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing incidence of pest resistance to transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins in the field, elucidating the molecular basis of resistance is important for monitoring, delaying and countering pest resistance. Previous work revealed that mutation or down-regulated expression of the cadherin gene (PgCad1) is associated with pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) resistance to Cry1Ac, and 20 mutant PgCad1 alleles (r1-r20) were characterized. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the ABC transporter PgABCC2 is a functional receptor for the Bt toxin Cry1Ac and that a mutation is associated with resistance. RESULTS We identified and characterized the first resistance allele (rC2) of PgABCC2 in the laboratory-selected Cry1Ac-resistant strain AQ-C2 of pink bollworm. The rC2 allele had a one-base deletion in exon20, resulting in a frameshift and the introduction of a premature stop codon. This resulting PgABCC2 protein had a truncated C-terminus, including the loss of the NBD2 domain. AQ-C2 exhibited 20.2-fold greater resistance to Cry1Ac than the susceptible strain, and its inheritance of Cry1Ac resistance was recessive and genetically linked to PgABCC2. When produced in cultured insect cells, recombinant wild-type and rC2 mutant PgABCC2 proteins localized within the cell plasma membrane, although substantial cytoplasmic retention was also observed for the mutant protein, while the mutant PgABCC2 caused a 13.9-fold decrease in Cry1Ac toxicity versus the wild-type PgABCC2. CONCLUSIONS PgABCC2 is a functional receptor of Cry1Ac and the loss of its carboxyl terminus (including its NBD2 domain) confers low-level resistance to Cry1Ac in both larvae and in cultured cells. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu He
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengbo Cong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Liu Z, Liao C, Zou L, Jin M, Shan Y, Quan Y, Yao H, Zhang L, Wang P, Liu Z, Wang N, Li A, Liu K, Tabashnik BE, Heckel DG, Wu K, Xiao Y. Retrotransposon-mediated disruption of a chitin synthase gene confers insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa toxin. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002704. [PMID: 38954724 PMCID: PMC11249258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been produced by transgenic crops to counter pest resistance to the widely used crystalline (Cry) insecticidal proteins from Bt. To proactively manage pest resistance, there is an urgent need to better understand the genetic basis of resistance to Vip3Aa, which has been largely unknown. We discovered that retrotransposon-mediated alternative splicing of a midgut-specific chitin synthase gene was associated with 5,560-fold resistance to Vip3Aa in a laboratory-selected strain of the fall armyworm, a globally important crop pest. The same mutation in this gene was also detected in a field population. Knockout of this gene via CRISPR/Cas9 caused high levels of resistance to Vip3Aa in fall armyworm and 2 other lepidopteran pests. The insights provided by these results could help to advance monitoring and management of pest resistance to Vip3Aa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chongyu Liao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luming Zou
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minghui Jin
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinxue Shan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yudong Quan
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anjing Li
- Institute of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Institute of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bruce E. Tabashnik
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David G. Heckel
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Kongming Wu
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Xiao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Naveen AK, Sontakke M. A review on regulatory aspects, challenges and public perception in acceptance of genetically modified foods. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:791-804. [PMID: 38371681 PMCID: PMC10866814 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A clear vision for the future of the world's food supply must be developed by all stakeholders, including consumers, farmers, and governments, especially in light of the rapid improvements in the production of genetically modified crops. It has been possible through biotechnology and genetic engineering, genetically modified (GM) crops have been engineered to have certain qualities, such as resistance to pests, illnesses, or herbicides. Concerns about risks and unintended effects of GM crops include ecosystem impacts, new pests or diseases, and health effects on humans and animals. There is mounting evidence that consumers may respond unfavourably to the introduction of genetically altered foods. This research focuses at how genetic engineering can raise agricultural yields, improve nutrient content, and lessen the use for hazardous pesticides and herbicides in food production. Regulatory framework for GM foods may impact on perception and acceptance of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kanthi Naveen
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144001 India
| | - Manmath Sontakke
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Chatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra 431003 India
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Gan C, Zhang Z, Jin Z, Wang F, Fabrick JA, Wu Y. Helicoverpa armigera ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA2 is a functional receptor of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Ab toxin. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105658. [PMID: 38072533 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline (Cry) proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used in transgenic crops to control important insect pests. Bt crops have many benefits compared with traditional broad-spectrum insecticides, including improved pest control with reduced negative impacts on off-target organisms and fewer environmental consequences. Transgenic corn and cotton producing Cry2Ab Bt toxin are used globally to control several major lepidopteran pests, including the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. Resistance to the Cry2Ab toxin and to Bt crops producing Cry2Ab is associated with mutations in the midgut ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA2 gene in several lepidopterans. Gene-editing knockout has further shown that ABCA2 plays an important functional role in Cry2Ab intoxication. However, the precise role of ABCA2 in the mode of action of Cry2Ab has yet to be reported. Here, we used two in vitro expression systems to study the roles of the H. armigera ABCA2 (HaABCA2) protein in Cry2Ab intoxication. Cry2Ab bound to cultured Sf9 insect cells producing HaABCA2, resulting in specific and dose-dependent susceptibility to Cry2Ab. In contrast, Sf9 cells expressing recombinant mutant proteins missing at least one of the extracellular loop regions 1, 3, 4, and 6 or the intracellular loop containing nucleotide-binding domain 1 lost susceptibility to Cry2Ab, indicating these regions are important for receptor function. Consistent with these results, Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing recombinant HaABCA2 showed strong ion membrane flux in the presence of Cry2Ab, suggesting that HaABCA2 is involved in promoting pore formation during Cry2Ab intoxication. Together with previously published data, our results support HaABCA2 being an important receptor of Cry2Ab where it functions to promote intoxication in H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Gan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeng Jin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Falong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jeffrey A Fabrick
- USDA ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA
| | - Yidong Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Jin M, Shan Y, Peng Y, Wang W, Zhang H, Liu K, Heckel DG, Wu K, Tabashnik BE, Xiao Y. Downregulation of a transcription factor associated with resistance to Bt toxin Vip3Aa in the invasive fall armyworm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306932120. [PMID: 37874855 PMCID: PMC10622909 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306932120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized control of some major pests. However, more than 25 cases of field-evolved practical resistance have reduced the efficacy of transgenic crops producing crystalline (Cry) Bt proteins, spurring adoption of alternatives including crops producing the Bt vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa. Although practical resistance to Vip3Aa has not been reported yet, better understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to Vip3Aa is urgently needed to proactively monitor, delay, and counter pest resistance. This is especially important for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), which has evolved practical resistance to Cry proteins and is one of the world's most damaging pests. Here, we report the identification of an association between downregulation of the transcription factor gene SfMyb and resistance to Vip3Aa in S. frugiperda. Results from a genome-wide association study, fine-scale mapping, and RNA-Seq identified this gene as a compelling candidate for contributing to the 206-fold resistance to Vip3Aa in a laboratory-selected strain. Experimental reduction of SfMyb expression in a susceptible strain using RNA interference (RNAi) or CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing decreased susceptibility to Vip3Aa, confirming that reduced expression of this gene can cause resistance to Vip3Aa. Relative to the wild-type promoter for SfMyb, the promoter in the resistant strain has deletions and lower activity. Data from yeast one-hybrid assays, genomics, RNA-Seq, RNAi, and proteomics identified genes that are strong candidates for mediating the effects of SfMyb on Vip3Aa resistance. The results reported here may facilitate progress in understanding and managing pest resistance to Vip3Aa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Jin
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen518116, China
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China
| | - Yinxue Shan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen518116, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen518116, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan430079, China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Institute of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan430079, China
| | - David G. Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, JenaD-07745, Germany
| | - Kongming Wu
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China
| | | | - Yutao Xiao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen518116, China
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8
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Carrière Y, Degain B, Unnithan GC, Tabashnik BE. Inheritance and fitness cost of laboratory-selected resistance to Vip3Aa in Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1804-1811. [PMID: 37555261 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The polyphagous pest Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has evolved practical resistance to transgenic corn and cotton producing Cry1 and Cry2 crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in several regions of the United States. However, the Bt vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa produced by Bt corn and cotton remains effective against this pest. To advance knowledge of resistance to Vip3Aa, we selected a strain of H. zea for resistance to Vip3Aa in the laboratory. After 28 generations of continuous selection, the resistance ratio was 267 for the selected strain (GA-R3) relative to a strain not selected with Vip3Aa (GA). Resistance was autosomal and almost completely recessive at a concentration killing all individuals from GA. Declines in resistance in heterogeneous strains containing a mixture of susceptible and resistant individuals reared in the absence of Vip3Aa indicate a fitness cost was associated with resistance. Previously reported cases of laboratory-selected resistance to Vip3Aa in lepidopteran pests often show partially or completely recessive resistance at high concentrations and fitness costs. Abundant refuges of non-Bt host plants can maximize the benefits of such costs for sustaining the efficacy of Vip3Aa against target pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Carrière
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ben Degain
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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9
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Chen H, Huang Y, Ye M, Wang Y, He X, Tu J. Achieving High Expression of Cry in Green Tissues and Negligible Expression in Endosperm Simultaneously via rbcS Gene Fusion Strategy in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109045. [PMID: 37240390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To allay excessive public concern about the safety of transgenic foods, and to optimize insect-resistant genes expression to delay the evolution of resistance in pests, we developed a promising strategy to fuse the GOI (gene of interest) with OsrbcS (rice small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) in transgenic rice, which acted as a carrier, driven by the OsrbcS native promoter to sequester its expression in green tissues. Using eYFP as a trial, we reported a high-level accumulation of eYFP in green tissue and almost none in the seed and root of the fused construct compared to the non-fused construct. After applying this fusion strategy in insect-resistant rice breeding, recombinant OsrbcS-Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac expressed rice plants conferred high resistance to leaffolders and striped stem borers, among which two single-copy lines possessed normal agronomic performance in the field. Specifically, Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac protein levels in single-copy construct transgenic lines ranged from 1.8 to 11.5 µg g-1 in the leaf, higher than the Actin I promoter-driven control, T51-1, about 1.78 µg g-1 in the leaf, but negligible (only 0.00012-0.00117 µg g-1) in endosperm by ELISA analysis. Our study provided a novel approach to creating Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac-free endosperm rice with a high level of insect-resistant protein in green tissues through the simultaneous usage of the OsrbcS promoter and OsrbcS as a fusion partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengnan Ye
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiuying He
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jumin Tu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Farhan Y, Smith JL, Sovic MG, Michel AP. Genetic mutations linked to field-evolved Cry1Fa-resistance in the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8081. [PMID: 37202428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic corn, Zea mays (L.), expressing insecticidal toxins such as Cry1Fa, from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt corn) targeting Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) resulted in over 20 years of management success. The first case of practical field-evolved resistance by O. nubilalis to a Bt corn toxin, Cry1Fa, was discovered in Nova Scotia, Canada, in 2018. Laboratory-derived Cry1Fa-resistance by O. nubilalis was linked to a genome region encoding the ATP Binding Cassette subfamily C2 (ABCC2) gene; however, the involvement of ABCC2 and specific mutations in the gene leading to resistance remain unknown. Using a classical candidate gene approach, we report on O. nubilalis ABCC2 gene mutations linked to laboratory-derived and field-evolved Cry1Fa-resistance. Using these mutations, a DNA-based genotyping assay was developed to test for the presence of the Cry1Fa-resistance alleles in O. nubilalis strains collected in Canada. Screening data provide strong evidence that field-evolved Cry1Fa-resistance in O. nubilalis maps to the ABCC2 gene and demonstrates the utility of this assay for detecting the Cry1Fa resistance allele in O. nubilalis. This study is the first to describe mutations linked to Bt resistance in O. nubilalis and provides a DNA-based detection method that can be used for monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Farhan
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada.
| | - Jocelyn L Smith
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | - Michael G Sovic
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Pickerington, OH, USA
| | - Andrew P Michel
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
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Yang Y, Wu Z, He X, Xu H, Lu Z. Processing Properties and Potency of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins in the Rice Leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040275. [PMID: 37104213 PMCID: PMC10143973 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Different Cry toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) possess different insecticidal spectra, whereas insects show variations in their susceptibilities to different Cry toxins. Degradation of Cry toxins by insect midgut extracts was involved in the action of toxins. In this study, we explored the processing patterns of different Cry toxins in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) midgut extracts and evaluated the impact of Cry toxins degradation on their potency against C. medinalis to better understand the function of midgut extracts in the action of different Cry toxins. The results indicated that Cry1Ac, Cry1Aa, and Cry1C toxins could be degraded by C. medinalis midgut extracts, and degradation of Cry toxins by midgut extracts differed among time or concentration effects. Bioassays demonstrated that the toxicity of Cry1Ac, Cry1Aa, and Cry1C toxins decreased after digestion by midgut extracts of C. medinalis. Our findings in this study suggested that midgut extracts play an important role in the action of Cry toxins against C. medinalis, and the degradation of Cry toxins by C. medinalis midgut extracts could reduce their toxicities to C. medinalis. They will provide insights into the action of Cry toxins and the application of Cry toxins in C. medinalis management in paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiaochan He
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Carrière Y, Tabashnik BE. Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance Associated with Delayed Evolution of Practical Resistance to Bt Crops. INSECTS 2023; 14:214. [PMID: 36975899 PMCID: PMC10051223 DOI: 10.3390/insects14030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Insect pests are increasingly evolving practical resistance to insecticidal transgenic crops that produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins. Here, we analyzed data from the literature to evaluate the association between practical resistance to Bt crops and two pest traits: fitness costs and incomplete resistance. Fitness costs are negative effects of resistance alleles on fitness in the absence of Bt toxins. Incomplete resistance entails a lower fitness of resistant individuals on a Bt crop relative to a comparable non-Bt crop. In 66 studies evaluating strains of nine pest species from six countries, costs in resistant strains were lower in cases with practical resistance (14%) than without practical resistance (30%). Costs in F1 progeny from crosses between resistant and susceptible strains did not differ between cases with and without practical resistance. In 24 studies examining seven pest species from four countries, survival on the Bt crop relative to its non-Bt crop counterpart was higher in cases with practical resistance (0.76) than without practical resistance (0.43). Together with previous findings showing that the nonrecessive inheritance of resistance is associated with practical resistance, these results identify a syndrome associated with practical resistance to Bt crops. Further research on this resistance syndrome could help sustain the efficacy of Bt crops.
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