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Song Y, Liu X, Zhao K, Ma R, Wu W, Zhang Y, Duan L, Li X, Xu H, Cheng M, Qin B, Qi Z. A new endophytic Penicillium oxalicum with aphicidal activity and its infection mechanism. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38958097 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphid infestation adversely affects the yield and quality of crops. Rapid reproduction and insecticidal resistance have made controlling aphids in the field challenging. Therefore, the present study investigated the insecticidal property of Penicillium oxalicum (QLhf-1) and its mechanism of action against aphids, Hyalopterus arundimis Fabricius. RESULTS Bioassay revealed that the control efficacy of the spores against aphids (86.30% and 89.05% on the third day and fifth day after infection, respectively) were higher than other components, such as the mycelium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that QLhf-1 invaded the aphid cuticle through spores and used the aphid tissues as a nutrient source for growth and reproduction, causing stiffness and atrophy and a final death. Three extracellular enzymes, lipase, protease, and chitinase had a synergistic effect with spores, and they acted together to complete the infection process by degrading the aphid body wall and accelerating the infection process. CONCLUSION The newly discovered endophytic penicillin strain P. oxalicum 'QLhf-1' can effectively kill aphids. The results provided strong evidence for the biological control of aphids, and lay a foundation for the development and utilization of QLhf-1. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kangbo Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruyi Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Longfei Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinnuo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baofu Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhijun Qi
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory for Botanical Pesticide R&D of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, China
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Liang Y, Liang M, Chen H, Hong J, Song Y, Yue K, Lu Y. The Effect of Botanical Pesticides Azadirachtin, Celangulin, and Veratramine Exposure on an Invertebrate Species Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 38276530 PMCID: PMC10821215 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The injudicious and excessive use of synthetic pesticides has deleterious effects on humans, ecosystems, and biodiversity. As an alternative to traditional crop-protection methods, botanical pesticides are gaining importance. In this research endeavor, we examined the contact toxicity, knockdown time, lethal time, and toxicity horizontal transmission of three natural pesticides from plants (azadirachtin, celangulin, and veratramine) on red imported fire ants (RIFA; Solenopsis invicta). Our research findings indicated that azadirachtin and celangulin exhibited relatively high toxicity, with median lethal dose (LD50) values of 0.200 and 0.046 ng/ant, respectively, whereas veratramine exhibited an LD50 value of 544.610 ng/ant for large workers of S. invicta at 24 h post-treatment. Upon treatment with 0.125 mg/L, the (median lethal time) LT50 values of azadirachtin and celangulin were determined to be 60.410 and 9.905 h, respectively. For veratramine, an LT50 value of 46.967 h was achieved after being tested with 200 mg/L. Remarkably, azadirachtin and celangulin were found to exhibit high horizontal transfer among RIFA, with high secondary mortality (100%) and tertiary mortalities (>61%) after 48 h of treatment with 250 mg/L, as well as with their dust formulations for 72 h. However, veratramine did not exhibit significant toxicity or horizontal transfer effects on RIFA, even at high concentrations. These findings suggest that azadirachtin and celangulin are likely to have a highly prominent potential in the management of S. invicta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Liang
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Mingrong Liang
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
- Insect Biodiversity and Biogeography Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huimei Chen
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Jingxin Hong
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Yunbo Song
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Kuo Yue
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Yongyue Lu
- Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (M.L.)
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