Duan–Rach Approach to Study Al2O3-Ethylene Glycol C2H6O2 Nanofluid Flow Based upon KKL Model

Entropy production with the flow of nanomaterials through the permeable stretched surface with heterogeneous-homogenous chemical reaction

In various thermodynamic procedures and the optimisation of thermal manipulation, nanofluids flowing through porous media represent an emerging perspective. The main objective of this study, from the perspective of thermal applications, was the investigation of the flow of nanofluid over a horizontal stretched surface embedded in a porous medium. The effects of the chemical reactions on the surface, magnetic field, and thermal radiations were invoked in the mathematical formulation. The non-Darcy model examines the fluid flow in the porous media. The principles of thermodynamics were employed to integrate entropy optimisation methods with the established theoretical approach to analyse the thermal behaviour of nanomaterials in the chemical reactive diffusion processes. Using the Tiwari-Das nanofluid model, the volume fraction of the nanomaterials was merged in the mathematical equation for the flow model. Water was taken as a base fluid and nanoparticles composed of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and silver (Ag) were used. The significance of radiation, heat production, and ohmic heating were included in the energy equation. Furthermore, an innovative mathematical model for the diffusion of the autocatalytic reactive species in the boundary layer flow was developed for a linear horizontally stretched surface embedded in a homogeneous non-Darcy porous medium saturated with the nanofluid. The computer-based built-in bvp5c method was used to compute numerically these equations for varied parameters. It is clear that the magnetic parameter has a reversal influence on the entropy rate and velocity. Temperature and velocity are affected in the opposite direction from a higher volume fraction estimate. Thermal field and entropy were increased when the radiation action intensified. The inclusion of nanoparticle fraction by the volume fraction of nanoparticles and Brinkman number also enhances the system entropy. Entropy production can be minimized with the involvement of the porosity factor within the surface.

Radiative Heat Transfer of Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over an Expanding Surface with the Interaction of Joule Effect

The current research examines the characteristic of dissipative heat energy owing to the inclusion of a magnetic field here on the two-dimensional flow of an electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid past an expanding surface. Additionally, the free convection of hybrid nanofluid thermal properties is enhanced with the inclusion of the Joule heating effect as well as the thermal radiation in the heat transfer phenomenon. These physical properties were influenced as a result of the combination of the nanoparticles Al2O3 and Cu into the base liquid ethylene glycol. The novelty arises due to the interaction of thermal conductivity employing the Mintsa model and the viscosity using the Gharesim model. The transformed governing set of nonlinear equations obtained with the assistance of suitable similarity transformations are solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta fourth-order shooting base technique. A good correlation between the earlier studies is obtained in specific cases showing the convergence criteria of the present procedure. Further, the physical significance of the contributive parameters is presented through graphs and tables. The observation shows that the particle concentration for the hybrid nanofluid augments the fluid velocity. Moreover, the inclusion of dissipative heat favors enhancing the fluid temperature for the involvement of the particle concentration.

Analytical Approach on the Water-Based Nanofluid for the Influence of Dissipative Heat Energy

The current study reveals the influence of both dissipative heat in water-based conducting nanoliquid through an impassioned semi-infinite vertical plate past embedding with a permeable medium. The effect of particle concentration in conjunction with transverse magnetic field and heat source/sink is presented by introducing the flow and heat transfer phenomena. However, various heat transfer assets of the considered nanofluid are exaggerated by assuming the slip condition. The reason is that, for the diminution in the heat transfer, the role of temperature slip is vital. For the transformation of governing PDEs into nonlinear coupled ODEs, it is necessary to assume suitable self-similar transformations. Moreover, a semi-analytical technique such as Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) is employed to solve these transformed equations. The novelty of the study is to get a comparison of the result with the results obtained using the MATLAB in-build code bvp5c. The numerical results for the comparison between both the methods have been presented in tabular form and the control of various parameters for the flow phenomena is demonstrated via graphs.

Hybrid Nanofluid Flow of Non-Newtonian Casson Fluid for the Analysis of Entropy Through a Permeable Medium

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an electrically conducting fluid through a rotating channel is used for the enhancement of heat transfer properties. The entropy analysis due to the irreversibility of the system for the non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanofluid is proposed in this investigation. Ethylene glycol (EG) is considered as the base liquid in which the metal nanoparticle i.e., copper (Cu) and oxide like aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles are submerged into it for the preparation of nanofluid. In addition, the implementation of radiative heat, viscous and Joule dissipation in the energy equation enhance the profile as well. The dimensionless for of the governing equations are obtained by using suitable similarity transformations. The solution is obtained numerically for both the primary and the secondary velocity distributions along with the temperature profiles and the physical significance of the pertinent parameters are presented via graphs. The simulated results for the rate coefficients at both the walls are presented in tabular form. Further, the irreversibility process for the thermal system i.e., the entropy analysis is carried out for the several parameters along with the Bejan number and deliberated clearly. Further, the important findings are; an increasing rotation retards the thickness of the bounding surface of the primary velocity near the lower wall however, significant augmentation in the shear rate as well as heat transfer rate is revealed for the augmenting magnetic and the rotation parameter.

Heat transfer analysis on Engine oil-based hybrid nanofluid past an exponentially stretching permeable surface with Cu/Al2O3 additives

The flow characteristic of the two-dimensional conducting hybrid nanofluid past an exponentially stretching permeable surface is analyzed. Flow through variable thicker surface for the free convective flow associated with transverse magnetic field in the flow phenomenon that enriches the study. The specialty of the model is the use of effective conductivity property considering the Mintsa model and the effective viscosity with the help of the Gharesim model for the enhancement of heat transport properties. Depending upon the recent applications related to industrial products, engineering as well as bio-medical science nanofluids are used as the best coolant. A comparative study is carried out for the transformed governing equations using both approximate analytical, that is, “ Variational Iteration Method” (VIM), “ Homotopy Perturbation Method” (HPM), and numerical techniques such as the in-build MATLAB command bvp5c. The simulated result in connection to the behavior of the physical parameters is deployed through graphs. The current outcomes validate the earlier established results in particular cases showing the conformity and the convergence of the methodology adopted. However, the observation shows that, shear rate retards with the significant enhancement in the particle concentration of the metal nanoparticles as well as the suction further the heat transfer rate enhanced. The fluid velocity profile boosts up for the increasing thermal buoyancy parameter whereas the reverse impact is rendered in the fluid temperature.

Role of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux in an MHD Micropolar dusty nanofluid flow with zero mass flux condition

This investigation aims to look at the thermal conductivity of dusty Micropolar nanoliquid with MHD and Cattaneo–Christov heat flux flow over an elongated sheet. The novelty of the envisioned mathematical model is augmented with the added impacts of the heat source/sink, chemical reaction with slip, convective heat, and zero mass flux boundary conditions. The salient feature of the existing problem is to discuss the whole scenario with liquid and dust phases. The graphical depiction is attained for arising pertinent parameters by using bvp4c a built-in MATLAB function. It is noticed that the thermal profile and velocity field increases for greater values of liquid particle interaction parameter in the case of the dust phase. An escalation in the thermal profile of both liquid and dust phases is noticed for the magnetic parameter. The rate of mass transfer amplifies for large estimates of the Schmidt number. The thickness of the boundary layer and the fluid velocity are decreased as the velocity slip parameter is augmented. In both dust and liquid phases, the thermal boundary layer thickness is lessened for growing estimates of thermal relaxation time. The attained results are verified when compared with a published result.

Free convective flow of Hamilton-Crosser model gold-water nanofluid through a channel with permeable moving walls

BACKGROUND

The present manuscript analyses the influence of buoyant forces of a conducting time-dependent nanofluid flow through porous moving walls. The medium is also filled with porous materials. In addition to that, uniform heat source and absorption parameters are considered that affect the nanofluid model.

INTRODUCTION

The model is based on the thermophysical properties of Hamilton-Crosser's nanofluid model, in which a gold nanoparticle is submerged into the base fluid water. Before simulation is obtained by a numerical method, suitable transformation is used to convert nonlinear coupled PDEs to ODEs.

METHOD

Runge-Kutta fourth-order scheme is applied successfully for the first-order ODEs in conjunction with the shooting technique.

RESULT

Computations for the coefficients of rate constants are presented through graphs, along with the behavior of several physical parameters augmented the flow phenomena.

CONCLUSION

The present investigation may be compatible with the applications of biotechnology. It is seen that, inclusion of volume concentration the fluid velocity enhances near the middle layer of the channel and retards near the permeable walls. Also, augmented values of the Reynolds number and both cooling and heating of the wall increases the rate of shear stress.

Numerical Simulation for Flow Through Conducting Metal and Metallic Oxide Nanofluids

Present paper aims to analyze three-dimensional (3D) motion of an electrically conducting nanofluid past an exponentially stretching sheet. Both metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (such as Cu, Al2O3, TiO2) in the base fluid (water) are examined. Nonlinear ordinary differential systems are obtained by suitable transformations. The crux of the analysis is the development of an estimated analytical result obtained by employing the “Adomian Decomposition Method” (ADM), an approximate analytical method. Momentum and energy descriptions with prescribed boundary conditions are employed. The velocity components and temperature are analyzed. Tabulated values are organized aimed at the outcomes of skin-friction coefficients and Nusselt number. Comparison with past limiting results is shown. Finally, the outstanding outcomes of the present result are; the velocity profile with the inclusion of particle concentration and magnetic parameter decelerate significantly and Al2O3 nanoparticles are favorable for the enhancement in the rate of heat transfer.

Development in the Heat Transfer Properties of Nanofluid Due to the Interaction of Inclined Magnetic Field and Non-Uniform Heat Source

In the current scenario a new mathematical model is designed and examined for the unsteady course of nanofluid through permeable vertical surface due to the interaction of inclined magnetic field. Radiative heat transfer properties is included assuming the Cogley radiation, dissipative heat energy due to the conjunction o magnetic field i.e., Joule dissipation and the space and time-dependent heat source/sink amplifies the study as well. Depending upon todays need in various industries the implementation of nanofluid is vital. Therefore, present study involves the behavior of both metal and oxide nanoparticles in the base fluid kerosene. Involvement of transformation rules the problem is converted into nonlinear set of ODEs and further these are solved employing approximate analytical technique such as Variational Iteration Method (VIM). The characteristics of various flow parameters are analyzed via graphs and the numerical simulation along with the validation of the result is obtained through tables. The comparative study brings out the convergence criterion of the methodology adopted herein. However, the favorable results are; the fluid temperature augments with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction and suction enriches both the fluid velocity and temperature whereas injection retards it significantly.