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Llamas-Saez C, Saez-Vaquero T, Jiménez-García R, López-de-Andrés A, Carabantes-Alarcón D, Zamorano-León JJ, Cuadrado-Corrales N, Omaña-Palanco R, de Miguel Diez J, Pérez-Farinos N. Physical activity among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Spain (2014-2020): Temporal trends, sex differences, and associated factors. Respir Med 2023; 220:107458. [PMID: 37951312 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate trends in the prevalence of physical activity (PA) from 2014 to 2020; to identify sex differences and sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with PA in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); and to compare PA between individuals with and without COPD. METHODS Cross-sectional and case-control study. SOURCE European Health Interview Surveys for Spain (EHISS) conducted in 2014 and 2020. We included sociodemographic and health-related covariates. We compared individuals with and without COPD after matching for age and sex. RESULTS The number of adults with COPD was 1086 and 910 in EHISS2014 and EHISS2020, respectively. In this population, self-reported "Medium or high frequency of PA" remained stable (42.9% in 2014 and 43.5% in 2020; p = 0.779). However, the percentage who walked on two or more days per week rose significantly over time (63.4%-69.9%; p = 0.004). Men with COPD reported more PA than women with COPD in both surveys. After matching, significantly lower levels of PA were recorded in COPD patients than in adults without COPD. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed this trend in COPD patients and showed that male sex, younger age, higher educational level, very good/good self-perceived health, and absence of comorbidities, obesity, and smoking were associated with more frequent PA. CONCLUSIONS The temporal trend in PA among Spanish adults with COPD is favorable, although there is much room for improvement. Insufficient PA is more prevalent in these patients than in the general population. Sex differences were found, with significantly more frequent PA among males with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Llamas-Saez
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Jiménez-García
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana López-de-Andrés
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Carabantes-Alarcón
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Zamorano-León
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natividad Cuadrado-Corrales
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Omaña-Palanco
- Department of Public Health and Maternal & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier de Miguel Diez
- Respiratory Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Napoleón Pérez-Farinos
- Epi-PHAAN Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29071, Málaga, Spain
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Sex Differences in the Incidence and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Spain, 2016-2018: A Matched-Pair Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081795. [PMID: 33924190 PMCID: PMC8074598 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Our aim was to analyze the incidence, procedures, and in-hospital outcomes of myocardial infarction (MI) in Spain (2016–2018) according to sex. (2) Methods: We estimated the incidence of an ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) according to sex using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. A matched-pair analysis was used. (3) Results: MI was coded in 156,826 patients aged ≥18 years (111,842 men and 44,984 women). Men showed higher incidence rates (205.0 vs. 77.8 per 100,000; p < 0.001; IRR = 2.81(95%CI:2.78–2.84)). After matching, the use of coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG) (1.0% vs. 0.7%; p < 0.001) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (57.8% vs. 52.3%; p < 0.001) was higher among men with an STEMI, whereas the in-hospital mortality (IHM) remained higher among women (11.2% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.001). Likewise, CABG (1.9% vs. 3.3%; p < 0.001) and PCI (33.8% vs. 41.9%; p < 0.001) were less often used among women with an NSTEMI, but no sex-related differences were found in IHM. After adjusting for confounders, IHM was more than twofold higher for both men and women with an STEMI than those with an NSTEMI. Women with an STEMI had a 21% higher mortality risk than men (OR = 1.21(95%CI:1.13–1.29). (4) Conclusion: Men had higher incidence rates of MI than women. Women underwent invasive procedures less often and had a higher IHM when admitted for an STEMI.
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