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Aftzoglou M, Heinrich C, Clauditz TS, Menter T, Dorth D, Reinshagen K, Königs I. Time is Gut. Approaching Intestinal Leiomyositis: Case Presentation and Literature Review. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2024; 27:197-205. [PMID: 39035401 PMCID: PMC11254653 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2024.27.4.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
T-lymphocytic intestinal leiomyositis is a rare cause of "pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstructions." Diagnosis may be difficult and requires full-thickness bowel biopsies during laparotomy or laparoscopy with possible enterostomy. Currently, immunosuppressive therapy is the only available treatment. A delay in diagnosis and therapy may negatively affect the prognosis because of ongoing fibrotic alterations; therefore, early diagnosis and consequent treatment are crucial. This review summarizes the available information on the nosology, diagnostic steps, and treatment modalities. Here, we report the youngest case of enteric leiomyositis reported in the last two decades and analyze its management by reviewing previous cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Aftzoglou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Altona Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Heinrich
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Altona Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Menter
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Dorth
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Altona Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Altona Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Königs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Altona Children’s Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Arbizu RA, Trauernicht S, Pinillos S, Nurko S, Rodriguez L. The Clinical Utility of Antroduodenal Manometry in the Evaluation of Children with Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2023; 77:734-740. [PMID: 37756372 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antroduodenal manometry (ADM) measures antral and small bowel motility and is clinically used to evaluate upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms. We aimed to evaluate its utility in guiding treatment, predicting response, and association with clinical findings. METHODS Retrospective review of 200 children undergoing ADM. ADM interpretation and parameters were compared to outcomes (response to first therapy after ADM and overall response), predominant symptom (group A, abdominal distention and/or vomiting and group B, abdominal pain and/or nausea), etiology (idiopathic or with known comorbidity), and ADM indication [suspected chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) or unexplained UGI symptoms]. RESULTS We found an association between a normal intestinal phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC) and idiopathic etiology, group B symptoms and unexplained UGI symptoms. No variable was associated with initial successful response. However, normal small bowel phase III of the MMC and idiopathic etiology were associated with overall successful response to treatment (including feeding tolerance and weaning of parenteral nutrition). No antral ADM parameter was associated with outcomes or other comparisons. The time to overall successful treatment response was significantly shorter in patients with a normal ADM and presence of a normal phase III of the MMC. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the phase III of the MMC was the single ADM parameter predictive of overall treatment response, also associated to group B symptoms and idiopathic etiology. Our findings suggest that small bowel ADM parameters are more useful to predict outcomes and ADM should be performed primarily in patients presenting with abdominal distention and/or vomiting and those being evaluated for CIPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Arbizu
- From the Center for Motility and Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- the Neurogastroenterology and Motility Center, Section of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sean Trauernicht
- From the Center for Motility and Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Pinillos
- From the Center for Motility and Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Quironsalud Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel Nurko
- From the Center for Motility and Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leonel Rodriguez
- From the Center for Motility and Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- the Neurogastroenterology and Motility Center, Section of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Viti F, De Giorgio R, Ceccherini I, Ahluwalia A, Alves MM, Baldo C, Baldussi G, Bonora E, Borrelli O, Dall'Oglio L, De Coppi P, De Filippo C, de Santa Barbara P, Diamanti A, Di Lorenzo C, Di Maulo R, Galeone A, Gandullia P, Hashmi SK, Lacaille F, Lancon L, Leone S, Mahé MM, Molnar MJ, Palmitelli A, Perin S, Prato AP, Thapar N, Vassalli M, Heuckeroth RO. Multi-disciplinary Insights from the First European Forum on Visceral Myopathy 2022 Meeting. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:3857-3871. [PMID: 37650948 PMCID: PMC10517037 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Visceral myopathy is a rare, life-threatening disease linked to identified genetic mutations in 60% of cases. Mostly due to the dearth of knowledge regarding its pathogenesis, effective treatments are lacking. The disease is most commonly diagnosed in children with recurrent or persistent disabling episodes of functional intestinal obstruction, which can be life threatening, often requiring long-term parenteral or specialized enteral nutritional support. Although these interventions are undisputedly life-saving as they allow affected individuals to avoid malnutrition and related complications, they also seriously compromise their quality of life and can carry the risk of sepsis and thrombosis. Animal models for visceral myopathy, which could be crucial for advancing the scientific knowledge of this condition, are scarce. Clearly, a collaborative network is needed to develop research plans to clarify genotype-phenotype correlations and unravel molecular mechanisms to provide targeted therapeutic strategies. This paper represents a summary report of the first 'European Forum on Visceral Myopathy'. This forum was attended by an international interdisciplinary working group that met to better understand visceral myopathy and foster interaction among scientists actively involved in the field and clinicians who specialize in care of people with visceral myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Viti
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via De Marini, 6, 16149, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Centro di Ricerca 'E. Piaggio' and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria M Alves
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Baldo
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Pediatric Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giannina Baldussi
- 'Uniti per la P.I.P.O.' Patient Advocacy Organization, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Bonora
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Borrelli
- Department of Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Luigi Dall'Oglio
- Digestive Surgery and Endoscopy, Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Carlotta De Filippo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology of the National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pascal de Santa Barbara
- Physiology and Experimental Medicine of the Heart and Muscles (PhyMedExp), University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Carlo Di Lorenzo
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Paolo Gandullia
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Pediatric Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sohaib K Hashmi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Florence Lacaille
- Pediatric Gastroenterology-Hepatology-Nutrition, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Lancon
- 'Association des POIC' Patient Advocacy Organization, Marseille, France
| | - Salvatore Leone
- AMICI ETS, Associazione Nazionale per le Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche dell'Intestino, Milan, Italy
| | - Maxime M Mahé
- Nantes Université, INSERM, TENS, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases, IMAD, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Silvia Perin
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessio Pini Prato
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, 'St. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo' Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Woolworths Centre for Child Nutrition Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert O Heuckeroth
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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The Potential Role of Microorganisms on Enteric Nervous System Development and Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030447. [PMID: 36979382 PMCID: PMC10046024 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS), the inherent nervous system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a vast nervous system that controls key GI functions, including motility. It functions at a critical interface between the gut luminal contents, including the diverse population of microorganisms deemed the microbiota, as well as the autonomic and central nervous systems. Critical development of this axis of interaction, a key determinant of human health and disease, appears to occur most significantly during early life and childhood, from the pre-natal through to the post-natal period. These factors that enable the ENS to function as a master regulator also make it vulnerable to damage and, in turn, a number of GI motility disorders. Increasing attention is now being paid to the potential of disruption of the microbiota and pathogenic microorganisms in the potential aetiopathogeneis of GI motility disorders in children. This article explores the evidence regarding the relationship between the development and integrity of the ENS and the potential for such factors, notably dysbiosis and pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasites, to impact upon them in early life.
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Tang P, Lu L, Yan W, Tao Y, Feng H, Cai W, Wang Y. Long‐term follow‐up for pediatric intestinal pseudo‐obstruction patients in China. Nutr Clin Pract 2022; 38:648-656. [PMID: 36309477 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) is a heterogeneous and severe group of disorders with a high mortality rate. Patients with PIPO often develop malnutrition and need long-term nutrition support. This study aimed to determine the nutrition status, particularly micronutrients, during the long-term follow-up of patients with PIPO. METHODS Fifty-eight patients with PIPO were followed up for at least 6 months between January 2008 and December 2020 in our hospital. PIPO was diagnosed based on the European society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition consensus. Data on clinical characteristics, medical and surgical management, nutrition support, serum vitamins, and mineral concentrations were collected. The patients were divided into the early-onset PIPO (EO-PIPO; neonatal-onset) and late-onset PIPO (LO-PIPO; infant- or child-onset) groups. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 29.5 months (6-153 months). The overall survival rate was 63.8% (37 out of 58 participants) (EO-PIPO, 48.6% [17 out of 35 participants]; LO-PIPO, 87.0% [20 out of 23 participants]). Mortality in the EO-PIPO group was higher than in the LO-PIPO group (P = 0.002). Twenty-one patients died, of which 18 (85.7%) patients had EO-PIPO and 14 (66.7%) patients died under 1 year of age. Infection was the major cause of death. Severe malnutrition was observed at baseline and during follow-up in 25 (43.1%) and 6 (16.2%) patients, respectively. At baseline and during follow-up, the zinc deficiency rates were 29.6% and 26.3%, and those of vitamin D were 26.9% and 52.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Zinc and vitamin D deficiencies are common in patients with PIPO during follow-up. Therefore, additional supplements should be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Powei Tang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Lina Lu
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Weihui Yan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Shanghai China
| | - Yijng Tao
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Haixia Feng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Wei Cai
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research Shanghai China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Shanghai China
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Chanpong A, Cronin H, Rampling D, Ashworth M, Eaton S, Rybak A, Saliakellis E, Lindley KJ, Borrelli O, Thapar N. Enhancing the utility of antroduodenal manometry in pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14259. [PMID: 34532939 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antroduodenal manometry (ADM) and histopathology are currently employed to aid the diagnosis of pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO). Limited data are available on the reliability of ADM analysis and its correlation with histopathology. We aimed to develop a protocol for enhanced analysis of ADM contractile patterns, including a scoring system, and explore whether this provided better correlation with histopathology. METHODS Children referred with suspected PIPO between April 2012-December 2019 who underwent both ADM and full-thickness biopsies were included. ADM tracings were analyzed using both standard (conventional ADM) and novel (enhanced ADM) motility parameters. A novel ADM score (GLASS score) was generated based on the enhanced ADM analysis. Conventional and enhanced ADM analyses were then correlated with histopathology. RESULTS Forty patients were included. Using conventional clinical criteria, 29 of these were diagnosed with PIPO and the other 11 with non-PIPO diagnoses. Twenty-three of the PIPO patients had abnormal histopathology: 6 myopathy, 4 neuropathy, 3 neuro-myopathy, and 10 non-specific changes. No agreement in diagnosis was found between conventional ADM analysis and histopathology (ϰ = 0.068; p = 0.197), whereas the latter significantly correlated with enhanced ADM analysis (ϰ = 0.191; p = 0.003). The enhanced ADM score was significantly higher in PIPO versus non-PIPO (16.0 vs. 8.0; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS As opposed to conventional analysis protocols, the newly developed enhanced ADM analysis and associated score is not only able to discriminate between PIPO and non-PIPO patients, but also between distinct histopathological pathologies. Further studies are required to assess the utility of enhanced ADM analysis in larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchariya Chanpong
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Hannah Cronin
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Dyanne Rampling
- Histopathology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Michael Ashworth
- Histopathology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anna Rybak
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Efstratios Saliakellis
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Keith J Lindley
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Osvaldo Borrelli
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Dai LN, Zhao YL, Jiang L, Yan JK. Changes in the intestinal expression of drug metabolism-related genes in a piglet model of parenteral nutrition. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:18. [PMID: 35264190 PMCID: PMC8905733 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parenteral nutrition (PN) may serve as a nutritional supportive therapy accompanied by oral medication, but the effect of PN on intestinal expression of drug metabolism-related genes remains unknown. Methods Twelve Bama piglets receiving PN for 14 days were used as in vivo model. Changes in intestinal drug metabolism-related genes were examined by proteomic analysis. Serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) were determined by ELISA, and the effect of FGF19 on the expression of drug metabolism-related genes was examined using murine ileum organoids. Results A total of 1063 differentially expressed proteins were identified in PN group. Of note, two drug transporters (Abcb1 and Abcc2) were significantly decreased in PN group, along with two glutathione-related drug-metabolizing enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx2) and glutathione S-transferase (Gsta1). Serum FGF19 levels were dramatically reduced in PN group. Treatment with recombinant FGF19 in vitro dose-dependently up-regulated the expression of Abcb1, Abcc2, Gpx2 and Gsta1 in organoids.
Conclusion Our data indicated that intestinal drug metabolism-related genes were significantly dysregulated under PN, and some of the changed genes were attributed to gut-derived FGF19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Dai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Kai Yan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China.
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Special Issue "Clinical Advances in Chronic Intestinal Diseases Treatment". J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051258. [PMID: 35268348 PMCID: PMC8911305 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the management of patients with chronic intestinal diseases has experienced remarkable progress from both diagnostic and therapeutic point of view [...].
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Chanpong A, Borrelli O, Thapar N. Hirschsprung disease and Paediatric Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 56-57:101765. [PMID: 35331399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and Paediatric Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) comprise two of the most recognized and severe disorders of gastrointestinal (GI) motility. HSCR is a developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system invariably affecting the large intestine, whereas the majority of PIPO conditions represent congenital disorders of one or more components of the neuromusculature and more diffusely affect the GI tract. Histopathology is deemed the gold standard for the diagnosis of HSCR and, arguably, of PIPO, but, other diagnostic modalities such as manometric and genetic studies have seen recent advances that may increase their utility. Especially for PIPO, management is multidisciplinary and best performed in specialist referral centres. Surgery remains the only viable treatment for HSCR and appears essential to optimize and sustain feeding and viability of intestinal function in PIPO patients. Novel therapies such as neural stem cell transplants show promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchariya Chanpong
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Osvaldo Borrelli
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, United Kingdom
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom; Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.
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