1
|
Wang L, Du H, Sheng C, Dai H, Chen K. Association between metabolic syndrome and kidney cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:142. [PMID: 38760801 PMCID: PMC11100063 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney cancer has become known as a metabolic disease. However, there is limited evidence linking metabolic syndrome (MetS) with kidney cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between MetS and its components and the risk of kidney cancer. METHODS UK Biobank data was used in this study. MetS was defined as having three or more metabolic abnormalities, while pre-MetS was defined as the presence of one or two metabolic abnormalities. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for kidney cancer risk by MetS category were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were conducted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status and drinking status. The joint effects of MetS and genetic factors on kidney cancer risk were also analyzed. RESULTS This study included 355,678 participants without cancer at recruitment. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1203 participants developed kidney cancer. Compared to the metabolically healthy group, participants with pre-MetS (HR= 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74) or MetS (HR= 1. 70, 95% CI: 1.30-2.23) had a significantly greater risk of kidney cancer. This risk increased with the increasing number of MetS components (P for trend < 0.001). The combination of hypertension, dyslipidemia and central obesity contributed to the highest risk of kidney cancer (HR= 3.03, 95% CI: 1.91-4.80). Compared with participants with non-MetS and low genetic risk, those with MetS and high genetic risk had the highest risk of kidney cancer (HR= 1. 74, 95% CI: 1.41-2.14). CONCLUSIONS Both pre-MetS and MetS status were positively associated with kidney cancer risk. The risk associated with kidney cancer varied by combinations of MetS components. These findings may offer novel perspectives on the aetiology of kidney cancer and assist in designing primary prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Han Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chao Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hongji Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang SH, He YS, Zheng SQ, Zhang XJ, Dai H, Xue Y. Triglyceride-Glucose Index is an Independent Risk Factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Patients with HBV-Related Liver Cirrhosis. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:737-746. [PMID: 38654891 PMCID: PMC11036332 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s454037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to explore the effects of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC). Methods A total of 242 patients with HBV-related LC were enrolled and followed-up. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for HCC. Results The median follow-up time was 37 months (range: 6-123 months). At the end of the follow-up, 11 (11.3%) patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) and 45 (31.0%) with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) developed HCC. The TyG index was higher in the HCC group than in the non-HCC group (P=0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age (P<0.01), DC (P<0.01), TyG index (P=0.08), albumin (ALB) level (P=0.05), platelet (PLT) count (P<0.01), and HBV DNA positivity (P<0.01) were associated with HCC development. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, DC, TyG index, PLT count, and HBV DNA positivity were independent risk factors for HCC development (P=0.01, 0.01, <0.01, 0.05, and <0.01, respectively). For patients with DC, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, TyG index, and HBV DNA positivity were independent risk factors for HCC development (all P<0.05). A new model encompassing age, DC, TyG, PLT, and positive HBV DNA had optimal predictive accuracy in patients with DC or CC, with a cutoff value of 0.197. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of the model for predicting HCC development in patients with LC, DC, and CC were 0.778, 0.721, and 0.783, respectively. Conclusion TyG index was identified as an independent risk factor for HCC development in patients with LC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hua Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Shan He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Qin Zheng
- Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People’s Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chu PY, Hsu CL, Lin YA, Pan YC, Dai YH, Yu YC, Yang JC, Ma WL, Chen YJL, Lee CL, Wu YC. Effects of Citrus depressa Hayata juice on high-fat diet-induced obesity in HBV transgenic mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24438. [PMID: 38312542 PMCID: PMC10835261 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential anti-obesity properties of Citrus depressa Hayata (CDH) juice in HBV transgenic mice, as well as the impact of fermentation on the effectiveness of the juice. The results revealed that fermentation increased the levels of polyphenols and hesperidin in CDH juice. The animal study demonstrated that both juices were effective in mitigating the weight gain induced by a high-fat diet by correcting metabolic parameter imbalances, reducing hepatic lipid accumulation, and reversing hepatic immune suppression. Furthermore, fermented juice exhibited superior efficacy in managing body weight and inhibiting the expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT). Fermented juice significantly enhanced adiponectin production and PPARγ expression in WAT, while also reducing hypertrophy. This study offers valuable insights into the potential role of CDH juices in combating obesity associated with high fat consumption and underscores the promise of CDH juice as a functional beverage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Chu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Lu Hsu
- Department of Business Administration, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Lin
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Pan
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- .Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hao Dai
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Yu
- Department of Medical Research, and Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Juan-Cheng Yang
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lung Ma
- Department of Medical Research, and Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Lin Lee
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 40604, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Wang M, Liu C, Hao M, Wang W, Li Y, Shi J, Zhang X, Dang S. Hepatoprotective effects of aspirin on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by reducing inflammation levels and PD-L1 expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21362. [PMID: 38049630 PMCID: PMC10695938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspirin, as a widely used anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects in a variety of cancers. PD-L1 is widely expressed in tumor cells and inhibits anti-tumor immunity. This study aims to clarify whether aspirin exerts its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effect by inhibiting PD-L1 expression. The rat model of HCC was established by drinking 0.01% diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and aspirin was given by gavage. The gross and blood biochemical indexes of rats were analyzed. CD4 and CD8 expression in liver tissues were investigated by immunohistochemistry. CCK8 assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of aspirin on the proliferation of HCC cells. The regulatory effect of aspirin on PD-L1 expression was analyzed by western blot. As a result, the tumor number and liver weight ratio in the DEN + ASA group were lower than those in the DEN group (P = 0.006, P = 0.046). Compared with the DEN group, the expression of CD4 in the DEN + ASA group was significantly increased, while CD8 was decreased (all P < 0.01). Biochemical indexes showed that there were differences in all indexes between the DEN and control group (P < 0.05). The levels of DBIL, ALP, and TT in the DEN + ASA group were lower than those in the DEN group (P = 0.038, P = 0.042, P = 0.031). In the DEN group, there was an obvious fibrous capsule around the tumor, and the portal vein was dilated. The pathological changes were mild in the DEN + ASA group. Compared with the DEN group, the expression of PD-L1 in liver tissue of the DEN + ASA group was decreased (P = 0.0495). Cytological experiments further showed that aspirin could inhibit the proliferation and PD-L1 expression in Hep G2 and Hep 3B cells. In conclusion, aspirin can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and reduce tumor burden by reducing inflammation and targeting PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muqi Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenrui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miao Hao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangsuo Dang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Z, Liu Q, Huang C, Wu J, Wen Y. Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:846-854. [PMID: 37918822 DOI: 10.1055/a-2179-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed conflicting results regarding the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of lung cancer. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to determine the relationship between MetS and lung cancer incidence and mortality in adults. Longitudinal follow-up studies were identified by search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. By incorporating potential heterogeneity into the model, a randomized-effects model was selected to pool the results. Fourteen observational studies were included. Pooled results showed that MetS was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer incidence [risk ratio (RR): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05 to 1.26, p=0.002; I2=89%). Subgroup analysis suggested that the association was not significantly affected by study country, design, sex of the participants, adjustment of smoking, or different study quality scores (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). The association was predominantly contributed by studies with MetS defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III rather than those with MetS defined by the International Diabetes Foundation criteria, and the association seemed to be stronger in studies with follow-up within 6 years than those over 6 years (p for subgroup difference=0.03 and 0.04, respectively). In addition, pooled results also showed that MetS was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer mortality (RR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.79, p <0.001; I2=0%). In conclusion, in adult population, MetS may be a risk factor of lung cancer incidence and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qinxiang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China
| | - Congcong Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yingsheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yun B, Ahn SH, Oh J, Yoon JH, Kim BK. Effect of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease on liver cancer risk in a population with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A nationwide study. Hepatol Res 2022; 52:975-984. [PMID: 35976670 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lacks clinical validation in at-risk populations. We assessed this relationship among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS Data was collected from the National Health Insurance System database in South Korea. Chronic hepatitis B patients aged over 40 years receiving health examinations between 2011 and 2012 were recruited. The primary outcome was HCC. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease was defined as hepatic steatosis in combination with at least one of the following: (i) overweight, (ii) diabetes, or (iii) lean/normal weight with two or more metabolic components. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs). RESULTS Of 197 346 participants, 66 149 had MAFLD; 19 149, 44 475, and 2525 fulfilled diabetes (regardless of overweight), overweight alone, and lean/normal weight with two or more metabolic components, respectively. During follow-up (median 7 years), 13 771 developed HCC. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease was independently associated with increased risk of HCC, with aHR of 1.36 (p < 0.001). Propensity score matching confirmed the same phenomena, with aHR of 1.37 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, when stratified by liver cirrhosis and/or antiviral therapy, independent significances of MAFLD for HCC risk were maintained (all p < 0.001). Compared with the persistent non-MAFLD subgroup during the entire follow-up, diagnosis of MAFLD from at least one health examination significantly increased HCC risk with aHRs of 1.41, 1.37, and 1.14 among subgroups with persistent MAFLD, MAFLD to non-MAFLD, and non-MAFLD to MAFLD, respectively (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease consistently increases HCC risk among CHB patients. Further studies are needed to develop an effective preventive strategy through control of metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byungyoon Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juyeon Oh
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Occupational Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yun B, Ahn SH, Oh J, Yoon JH, Kim BK. Prognostic Impact of MAFLD Following Surgical Resection of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205002. [PMID: 36291786 PMCID: PMC9599346 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the metabolic effects of hepatic steatosis as a part of postoperative outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rarely been studied. This study aimed to assess the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and patients’ prognoses following curative resection of HBV-related HCC. Patients who underwent surgical resection for HBV-related HCC between 2009 and 2015 were recruited. The study endpoints were postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence and all-cause mortality. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes were estimated using multivariate Cox regression models. The mean age of the 2032 enrolled patients was 55.0 years, and 77.9% were men. During follow-up (median 5.3 years), HCC recurrence and all-cause mortality occurred in 954 (47.0%) and 422 (20.8%) patients, respectively. HCC recurrence and all-cause mortality were significantly associated with MAFLD, with aHRs of 1.22 (p = 0.003) and 1.44 (p < 0.001), respectively. Propensity score matching and inverse probability treatment weighting analyses confirmed similar results (p < 0.05). MAFLD was associated with significantly poor prognoses in terms of HCC recurrence and all-cause mortality following surgical resection of HBV-related HCC. Further studies are needed to develop an effective preventive strategy through the management of metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byungyoon Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Centre, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Juyeon Oh
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.Y.); (B.K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-5179 (J.-H.Y.); +82-2-2228-1930 (B.K.K.); Fax: +82-2-392-8622 (J.-H.Y.); +82-2-393-6884 (B.K.K.)
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei Liver Centre, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.Y.); (B.K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-5179 (J.-H.Y.); +82-2-2228-1930 (B.K.K.); Fax: +82-2-392-8622 (J.-H.Y.); +82-2-393-6884 (B.K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shin HS, Jun BG, Yi SW. Impact of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver diseases. Clin Mol Hepatol 2022; 28:773-789. [PMID: 35934813 PMCID: PMC9597232 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2021.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, the potential effects of metabolic factors on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in individuals with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) are not well understood. For a metabolic factor to be identified as a risk factor for HCC in patients with CLDs, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, there should be a strong synergistic interaction between the carcinogenic mechanisms of the metabolic factor and the CLD itself. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the published data on the relationship between metabolic factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and blood lipids and the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs. DM consistently increases the risk of HCC in patients with CLD. When associated with DM, the risk of HCC seems to be highest in HCV and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), followed by alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and HBV. Obesity may increase the risk of HCC. Among CLDs, the evidence is relatively consistent and clear for ALD, while clear evidence is limited in other CLDs including HBV, HCV, and NAFLD. Total cholesterol, potentially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, seems to have strong inverse associations with HCC in individuals with CLDs. Despite evidence from observational studies, statins had no effect in preventing HCC in randomized controlled trials. Whether statins have a preventive effect against HCC is unclear. A better understanding and management of metabolic factors may be beneficial to reduce the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwang Sik Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Baek Gyu Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author : Baek Gyu Jun Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea Tel: +82-2-950-8889, Fax: +82-2-950-1955, E-mail:
| | - Sang-Wook Yi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Korea,Sang-Wook Yi Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24 Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung 25601, Korea Tel: +82-33-649-7468, Fax: +82-33-641-1074, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu C, Chen K, Zhao F, Xuan L, Wang Y, Xu C, Wu Z, Wang D, Qu C. Occult infection with hepatitis B virus PreS variants synergistically promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development in a high-fat diet context by generating abnormal ceramides. BMC Med 2022; 20:279. [PMID: 36058909 PMCID: PMC9442965 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are resulted from PreS mutations that reduce secretion of envelope protein (HBsAg). We investigated the ceramide amounts and species in hepatocytes infected with PreS variants that were isolated from HBsAg-seronegative patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the ceramide effects on autochthonous HCC development in murine models. METHODS HBV PreS/S regions from 35 HBsAg-seronegative HCC patients were sequenced. Hepatocyte cell lines and male C57BL/6J mouse livers were transfected with two PreS variant representatives. The ceramides with variated lengths of fatty acyl chains were quantified. Tumour development was examined in the HBV-transfected mice fed different diet types. RESULTS In HBsAg-seronegative HCC patients, nonneoplastic liver tissues harboured HBsAg and replication-competent HBV. The most frequently detected PreS/S variants carried mutations of altered amino acid properties in HBsAg compared with an isolate from one HBsAg-seronegative HCC patient. Hepatocyte infection with PreS variants caused HBsAg retention within the endoplasmic reticulum and generated more amounts of ceramides with C16:0 ceramide elevated the highest. Saturated fatty acids aggravated the PreS variant-infected hepatocytes to generate abnormal amounts and species of ceramides, which with HBV proteins synergistically activated NLRP3 inflammasome in liver inflammatory macrophages. Liver tumours were only detected in HBV-transfected mice fed high-fat diet, with higher tumour loads in the PreS variant-transfected, associated with abnormal ceramide generation. CONCLUSIONS HBV PreS mutations which altered amino acid properties of envelope proteins inhibited HBsAg secretion. Hepatocyte infection with PreS variants generated abnormal ceramides which with HBV proteins coactivated NLRP3 inflammasome in liver macrophages to promote autochthonous HCC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Chen
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhao
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Xuan
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chungui Xu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology & Immunology Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 17 Panjiayuan South Lane, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferreira da Silva AC, Cunha-Silva M, Sevá-Pereira T, Mazo DF. Evaluation of the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Predictive Scores PAGE-B and mPAGE-B among Brazilian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091968. [PMID: 36146774 PMCID: PMC9503912 DOI: 10.3390/v14091968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is intrinsically oncogenic and related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Predictive scores of HCC have been developed but have been poorly studied in admixed populations. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the performance of PAGE-B and mPAGE-B scores for HCC prediction in HBV Brazilian patients and factors related to HCC occurrence. This is a retrospective study that evaluated patients followed at a tertiary university center. A total of 224 patients were included, with a median follow-up period of 9 years. The mean age at HBV diagnosis was 38.71 ± 14.19 years, predominantly males (66.1%). The cumulative incidence of HCC at 3, 5, and 7 years was 0.993%, 2.70%, and 5.25%, respectively, being related in the univariate logistic regression analysis to male sex (p = 0.0461), older age (p = 0.0001), cirrhosis at HBV diagnosis (p < 0.0001), and higher values of PAGE-B and mPAGE-B scores (p = 0.0002 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Older age, male sex, and cirrhosis at HBV diagnosis were independently associated with HCC occurrence. The AUROCs of PAGE-B and mPAGE-B were 0.7906 and 0.7904, respectively, with no differences between them (p = 0.9767). In conclusion, both PAGE-B and mPAGE-B showed a correct prediction of HCC above 70% in this cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Ferreira da Silva
- Division of Gastroenterology (Gastrocentro), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences of University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlone Cunha-Silva
- Division of Gastroenterology (Gastrocentro), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences of University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Sevá-Pereira
- Division of Gastroenterology (Gastrocentro), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences of University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel F. Mazo
- Division of Gastroenterology (Gastrocentro), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences of University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
- Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine (FMUSP), Sao Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Du W, Guo K, Jin H, Sun L, Ruan S, Song Q. Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Renal Cell Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:928619. [PMID: 35832547 PMCID: PMC9271793 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.928619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to increased risks of a variety of cancers. However, the association between MetS and the risk of renal cell cancer (RCC) remains not fully determined. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether MetS is independently associated with the risk of RCC in adults. Methods Relevant observational studies were obtained by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane's Library, and Web of Science databases. Study characteristics and outcome data were extracted independently by two authors. The random-effect model was used for meta-analysis considering the possible influence of between-study heterogeneity. Predefined subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the possible influences of study characteristics on the outcome. Results Eight studies involving 10,601,006 participants contributed to the meta-analysis. Results showed that MetS was independently associated with a higher risk of RCC in adult population (risk ratio [RR]: 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41 to 1.87, p<0.001; I2 = 85%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent association in men (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.89, p<0.001) and in women (RR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.27, p<0.001), in Asians (RR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.83, p<0.001) and in Caucasians (RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.46 to 2.12, p<0.001), and in community derived (RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.34 to 1.82, p<0.001) and non-community derived population (RR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.71 to 2.04, p<0.001). Differences in study design or quality score also did not significantly affect the association (p for subgroup difference both >0.05). Conclusions MetS may be independently associated with RCC in adult population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wurong Du
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Jin
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Song
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Education Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahn HS, Kim HJ, Kang TU, Park SM. Cholecystectomy reduces the risk of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with complicated gallstones, but has negligible effect on hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:669-677. [PMID: 34907591 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gallstones have been reported to be positively associated with hepatobiliary cancers. However, risks of these cancers by cholecystectomy or in patients with complicated gallstones are controversial. We studied the effect of cholecystectomy on the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with gallstones and subgroup of complicated gallstones. METHODS Patients with gallstone disease (n = 958 677) and age-matched and sex-matched controls (n = 9 586 770) were identified using the Korean National Health Insurance database. Complicated gallstones were defined as gallstones associated with acute cholecystitis or acute cholangitis. Adjusted hazard ratios (adjusted hazard ratios, 95% confidence interval) of CCA and HCC incidences were evaluated in patients with gallstones who received cholecystectomy compared to the controls. We also analyzed these effects in patients with complicated gallstones. RESULTS Patients with gallstones showed increased risks of CCA (1.80, 1.67-1.93) and HCC (1.03, 1.00-1.07) compared with controls. Cholecystectomy had minimal effects on the risks of CCA (1.94, 1.76-2.14) and HCC (0.93, 0.87-0.99) compared with those without cholecystectomy. However, patients with complicated gallstones showed highly increased CCA risk (5.62, 4.89-6.46) and a 30% risk reduction after cholecystectomy (3.91, 3.43-4.46). Risk reduction by cholecystectomy was greater for extrahepatic CCA than for intrahepatic CCA or ampulla of Vater cancer. However, the risk of HCC was not different in patients with complicated gallstones and those who underwent cholecystectomy compared to controls. CONCLUSION The risk of CCA was markedly increased in patients with complicated gallstones and was partially reduced by cholecystectomy. The risk change of HCC was minimal with gallstones or cholecystectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Sik Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Uk Kang
- Health and Wellness College, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon Mee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Environmental and Lifestyle Risk Factors in the Carcinogenesis of Gallbladder Cancer. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020234. [PMID: 35207722 PMCID: PMC8877116 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive neoplasm that in an early stage is generally asymptomatic and, in most cases, is diagnosed in advanced stages with a very low life expectancy because there is no curative treatment. Therefore, understanding the early carcinogenic mechanisms of this pathology is crucial to proposing preventive strategies for this cancer. The main risk factor is the presence of gallstones, which are associated with some environmental factors such as a sedentary lifestyle and a high-fat diet. Other risk factors such as autoimmune disorders and bacterial, parasitic and fungal infections have also been described. All these factors can generate a long-term inflammatory state characterized by the persistent activation of the immune system, the frequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the constant production of reactive oxygen species that result in a chronic damage/repair cycle, subsequently inducing the loss of the normal architecture of the gallbladder mucosa that leads to the development of GBC. This review addresses how the different risk factors could promote a chronic inflammatory state essential to the development of gallbladder carcinogenesis, which will make it possible to define some strategies such as anti-inflammatory drugs or public health proposals in the prevention of GBC.
Collapse
|
14
|
Antitumoral and Anti-inflammatory Roles of Somatostatin and Its Analogs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:1840069. [PMID: 34873567 PMCID: PMC8643256 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1840069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and affects about 8% of cirrhotic patients, with a recurrence rate of over 50%. There are numerous therapies available for the treatment of HCC, depending on cancer staging and condition of the patient. The complexity of the treatment is also justified by the unique pathogenesis of HCC that involves intricate processes such as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and multiple molecular carcinogenesis events. During the last three decades, multiple in vivo and in vitro experiments have used somatostatin and its analogs (SSAs) to reduce the proliferative and metastatic potential of hepatoma cells by inducing their apoptosis and reducing angiogenesis and the inflammatory component of HCC. Most experiments have proven successful, revealing several different pathways and mechanisms corresponding to the aforementioned functions. Moreover, a correlation between specific effects and expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) was observed in the studied cells. Clinical trials have tested either somatostatin or an analog, alone or in combination with other drugs, to explore the potential effects on HCC patients, in various stages of the disease. While the majority of these clinical trials exhibited minor to moderate success, some other studies were inconclusive or even reported negative outcomes. A complete evaluation of the efficacy of somatostatin and SSAs is still the matter of intense debate, and, if deemed useful, these substances may play a beneficial role in the management of HCC patients.
Collapse
|