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Bonneville-Roussy A, Khoriaty F, Laberge F. Time, age, gender and cultural measurement invariance of the CASP-12, a measure of psychological quality of life in adulthood. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:1569-1579. [PMID: 38553648 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whereas Quality of Life in older populations has long been conceptualized in regards to health or illness, the Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization and Pleasure scale (CASP-12) focuses on the positive facets of aging. Although the CASP is a widely used scale, its measurement invariance has seldom been examined. The present study aims to ascertain the measurement invariance of the CASP-12 over a period of 10 years and between age, culture and gender. METHODS Secondary data analyses were conducted on the longitudinal data collected in four waves between 2006 and 2016-2017 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe study (SHARE). The factorial validity of the CASP-12 was examined and its measurement invariance was tested with a sample of 3684 men and 4955 women aged 30-99 years, coming from 10 different European countries. RESULTS Results showed a strong theoretical and empirical dimensionality of the CASP-12, a well as invariance of time (10 years), age and culture. It was also found that the scale is gender invariant at the strict level. These results were replicated with two more waves of SHARE, measured six years apart. CONCLUSION This study replicates the CASP-12 dimensional structure, factorial structure and factor loadings. The scale has demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measurement of the positive aspects of quality of life to be used across time, age, gender and culture. The Autonomy dimension of the scale warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Khoriaty
- GRACE lab, Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - François Laberge
- GRACE lab, Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Bonneville-Roussy A, Laberge F. Stability and Change in Mental Health Profiles from Middle Adulthood to Very Old Age. Clin Gerontol 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38477335 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2024.2329150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates mental health (MH) through the dual-factor model, emphasizing both well-being and ill-being. Our objectives were to (1) identify MH profiles based on this model; (2) track these profiles over time; and (3) explore socio-demographic and physical health factors associated with these profiles. METHODS We employed Latent Transition Analysis on data from 5,561 individuals aged 39-92, using two waves from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Well-being was assessed via life satisfaction and quality of life, while ill-being was measured through depression and loneliness. The predictors were socio-demographic and physical health variables. RESULTS Four distinct MH profiles emerged, each with unique levels of well-being and ill-being. Stability was more common in adaptive profiles. Physical health was key in predicting transition. CONCLUSIONS Identifying MH profiles in old age enhances our understanding of how MH adapts with aging. This approach reveals the complexity of MH beyond traditional ill-being, underscoring the importance of well-being. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS • The majority of older adults maintain good MH, suggesting a need for a paradigm shift toward enhancing well-being rather than solely treating ill-being.• Effective MH interventions should integrate both well-being and ill-being assessments to offer understanding and support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François Laberge
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Tomás JM, Oliver A, Torres Z, Parker J, Marques-Sule E, Sentandreu-Mañó T. A Biopsychosocial Model Predicting Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5715. [PMID: 37685782 PMCID: PMC10489059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the main causes of death, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) are always considered when studying it. However, although it is known that other social and psychological variables, and especially frailty, can increase the risk of infarction, their simultaneous effect has not been extensively studied. This study is based on data from the SHARE project (latest wave, Wave 8), with a representative sample of 46,498 participants aged 50 or older (M = 70.40, SD = 9.33), of whom 57.4% were females. Statistical analyses included a full structural equation model that predicts 27% of infarction occurrence and evidences the significant effect of well-being, depression, and social connectedness on frailty. Frailty, in turn, explains 15.5% of the variability of CVRFs. This work supports the need to study these physical, social, and mental health factors together to intervene on frailty and, in turn, improve cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Tomás
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Amparo Oliver
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Zaira Torres
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Janhavi Parker
- SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nashik 422403, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Elena Marques-Sule
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.M.-S.); (T.S.-M.)
| | - Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (E.M.-S.); (T.S.-M.)
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Maltarić M, Ruščić P, Kolak M, Bender DV, Kolarić B, Ćorić T, Hoejskov PS, Bošnir J, Kljusurić JG. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Related to the Health Related and Well-Being Outcomes of European Mature Adults and Elderly, with an Additional Reference to Croatia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4893. [PMID: 36981801 PMCID: PMC10049455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in life expectancy, expectation of a longer healthy life is also increasing. Importance of consumption of certain foods is confirmed to have a strong effect on quality of life. One of the healthiest dietary patterns consistently associated with a range of beneficial health outcomes is the Mediterranean diet (MD). The aim of this study was to assess MD adherence in the population over 50 years of age, in Europe, with special reference to Croatia, and to assess regional differences and investigate the association with health-related indicators (disease incidence, body mass index (BMI), grip strength measure, control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure scale (CASP-12)). This research uses data from the SHARE project for the population over 50 years of age. The frequency of individual responses was analyzed (frequencies, cross tables, and appropriate tests of significance, depending on the data set), and logistic regression was used to connect adherence to the Mediterranean diet with health indicators. The results of the study indicate a positive correlation between adherence to the principles of the Mediterranean diet with CASP and self-perception of health, which the followers of the MD pattern predominantly rate as "very good" or "excellent" (37.05%) what is significantly different (p < 0.05) from individuals which do not follow the patterns of MD (21.55%). The regression models indicate significant changes in the measure of maximum grip strength also among MD followers (ORMEDIUM = 1.449; ORHIGH = 1.293). Data for EU countries are also classified by regions (Central and Eastern; Northern, Southern and Western Europe), additionally allocating Croatia, and the trends in meat, fish and egg consumption showed the greatest differences for Croatian participants (39.6% twice a week) versus participants from four European regions. Data for Croatia deviates from the European average also in terms of the proportion of overweight and obese persons in all observed age groups, of which the largest proportion is in the 50-64 age group (normal BMI: only 30.3%). This study extended the currently available literature covering 27 European countries, placing the findings in a wider geographical context. The Mediterranean diet has once again proven to be an important factor related to health-related behavior. The presented results are extremely important for public health services, indicating possible critical factors in preserving the health of the population over 50 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Maltarić
- Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paula Ruščić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirela Kolak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Vranešić Bender
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branko Kolarić
- Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tanja Ćorić
- Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Sousa Hoejskov
- WHO Health Emergencies Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jasna Bošnir
- Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Olsen CDH, Möller S, Ahrenfeldt LJ. Sex differences in quality of life and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Europeans: results from the SHARE survey. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:35-42. [PMID: 34915773 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2013434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examine sex differences in quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms across age and European regions. METHODS We performed a large cross-sectional study based on 64,552 women and 53,647 men aged 50+ who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from 2004-2020. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations with QoL (CASP-12) and depressive symptoms (EURO-D). RESULTS Women reported slightly lower QoL (coefficient -0.78, 95% CI -0.92; -0.65) and more depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR) 2.23, 95% CI 2.13; 2.34) than men. Sex differences in QoL increased with advancing age, whereas sex differences in depressive symptoms were stable across age groups. No overall sex difference in QoL was found in Northern Europe, but women had lower QoL than men in Western (coefficient -0.49, 95% CI -0.69; -0.29), Southern (coefficient -1.35, 95% CI -1.61; -1.09) and Eastern (coefficient -0.72, 95% CI -1.05; -0.39) Europe. However, sex differences varied within the specific CASP-12 items, with women having overall lower control and autonomy, but more self-realisation, than men. Women reported more depressive symptoms than men in all regions, with the largest overall sex difference in Southern Europe (OR 2.62, 95% CI 2.40; 2.86). A female disadvantage was found for most of the EURO-D items, with the largest sex differences for 'tearfulness', 'depression' and 'sleep'. CONCLUSION Middle-aged and elderly European women report lower QoL and more depressive symptoms than European men, lending support for the male-female health survival paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Dahl Haislund Olsen
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,The OPEN Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Nair P, Walters K, Aw S, Gould R, Kharicha K, Buszewicz MC, Frost R. Self-management of depression and anxiety amongst frail older adults in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264603. [PMID: 36477180 PMCID: PMC9728861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression and anxiety are common in frail older people and are associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality, yet they typically face greater barriers to accessing mental health treatments than younger people and express preferences for self-managing their symptoms. This study aims to explore frail older adults' experiences of self-managing symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. DESIGN Qualitative semi-structured interviews, exploring experiences of depression and/or anxiety, ways participants self-managed these and the contexts within which this took place. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. PARTICIPANTS 28 frail older adults in the United Kingdom, purposively sampled for neighbourhood, frailty and symptoms of anxiety/depression. ANALYSIS Thematic analysis to inductively derive themes from the data. RESULTS Our findings suggest that frail older adults find maintaining independence, engaging in meaningful activities, and socialising and peer support important for self-managing depression and anxiety. These could all be adapted to the level of frailty experienced. Drawing on life experiences, addressing the perceived cause and faith were helpful in some situations and for some personalities. Distraction and avoidance were helpful for more severe symptoms or where the causes of symptoms could not be resolved. Self-management strategies were less well-established for anxiety symptoms, especially when linked to newer health fears and worries about the future. CONCLUSIONS Developing services and sources of information that support and facilitate key therapeutic components of self-management, which align with older adults' preferred coping styles and take into account levels of frailty, may be a way of supporting frail older people waiting for mental health treatments or those who prefer not to access these. Greater awareness of anxiety and how it can be self-managed in frail older people is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Nair
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London Medical School (Royal Free Campus), London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Kate Walters
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London Medical School (Royal Free Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Su Aw
- National University of Singapore, Saw Swee Hock of Public Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rebecca Gould
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kalpa Kharicha
- NIHR Health & Social care Workforce Research Unit, The Policy Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta College Buszewicz
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London Medical School (Royal Free Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Frost
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London Medical School (Royal Free Campus), London, United Kingdom
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7
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Lee S. Loneliness, Volunteering, and Quality of Life in European Older Adults. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2022.2148408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Lee
- The Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Fernández I, Torres Z, Martínez-Gregorio S, Oliver A, Tomás JM. Method Effects Associated to Item Valence: Evidence From the 10-Item Big-Five Inventory in Older Adults. Res Aging 2022:1640275221132196. [PMID: 36200135 DOI: 10.1177/01640275221132196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the factor structure of the BFI-10 considering item valence effects when applied to measure older adults. Likewise, this study aims to estimate the factorial structure, internal consistency of the scale, to assess the nomological validity, and the association of the Big Five traits with age. 75,078 participants with mean age of 68.27 from the 7th Wave of the SHARE study were included. Confirmatory Factor Analyses, omega coefficients and Pearson correlations were estimated. The best-fit model identified a five-factor structure with two valence effects, internal consistency ranged from .26 to .64, the nomological network showed that loneliness is negatively associated to neuroticism and positively with the other four traits, and the opposite direction in the associations with the five traits and satisfaction and quality of life. Consciousness, Extraversion and Openness have been found as dimensions that tend to decrease with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Fernández
- Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, 16781University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zaira Torres
- Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, 16781University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez-Gregorio
- Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, 16781University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Oliver
- Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, 16781University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Tomás
- Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, 16781University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Litwin H, Levinsky M. The Interplay of Personality Traits and Social Network Characteristics in the Subjective Well-Being of Older Adults. Res Aging 2022:1640275221113048. [PMID: 35938222 DOI: 10.1177/01640275221113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we regressed three well-being measures (CASP, life satisfaction and Euro-D depressive symptoms) on indicators of personality and social network. Personality was indicated by the Big-Five personality traits, while social network was measured in terms of size, contact frequency and emotional closeness. The analysis also considered personality-network interactions, controlling for confounders. The sample was comprised of 35,145 adults, aged 50 and older, from 24 European countries and Israel. The results revealed that the personality traits explained more variance in the well-being outcomes than the social network characteristics did. However, the interactions showed that the social network characteristics, particularly size and mean emotional closeness, offset the effects of dysfunctional personality attributes on subjective well-being in late life. Hence, social network characteristics were shown to modify the potentially ill effects of personality on key well-being indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Litwin
- Israel Gerontological Data Center, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, 4321The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Levinsky
- Israel Gerontological Data Center, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, 4321The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
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Pavlidis G, Hansen T, Motel-Klingebiel A, Aartsen M. Network and solitude satisfaction as modifiers of disadvantages in the quality of life of older persons who are challenged by exclusion from social relations: a gender stratified analysis. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:2859-2875. [PMID: 35342486 PMCID: PMC8934721 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined from a gender-sensitive perspective the associations of exclusion from social relations (ESR) with the quality of life (QoL) of excluded older persons. Being satisfied with existing relations (i.e., network satisfaction) may be particularly important for the QoL of older persons with small networks, whereas the QoL of "network-less" older persons may be associated with their perception of solitude (i.e., solitude satisfaction). This study examined the moderating role of network satisfaction (NS) in the gendered associations between network size and QoL, as well as the gendered associations of solitude satisfaction (SS) with the QoL of older "network-less" persons. In addition, the comparative disadvantages in the QoL of "network-less" older persons with low-to-high SS, compared to the QoL of socially embedded persons with low-to-high NS were examined. Cross-sectional gender stratified secondary analyses of data from participants (N = 72.433) in the Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) did not provide convincing evidence that a higher NS is particularly important for the QoL of older persons with smaller networks. Among older "network-less" persons, lower SS was associated with lower QoL, comparatively more so among older women. Older persons embedded in a social network with low NS, as well as older "network-less" persons with low SS, have comparatively the lowest levels of QoL. It was concluded that the subjective evaluation of social relations and the subjective evaluation of solitude are associated with gendered disadvantages in the QoL of older persons challenged by ESR.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Pavlidis
- Division of Ageing and Social Change, Department of Culture and Society, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Department of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Ageing and Housing studies, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Motel-Klingebiel
- Division of Ageing and Social Change, Department of Culture and Society, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Marja Aartsen
- Department for Ageing and Housing studies, Nova-Norwegian Social Research, Oslo, Norway
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