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Lara Vázquez PM, Morenas-Aguilar MD, Chacón Ventura S, Jiménez-Martínez P, Alix-Fages C, García Ramos A, Vera J, Redondo B. Effects of Phenylcapsaicin on Intraocular and Ocular Perfusion Pressure During a 30-Min Cycling Task: A Placebo-Controlled, Triple-Blind, Balanced Crossover Study. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2024; 34:298-306. [PMID: 38917985 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2024-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of this placebo-controlled, triple-blind, balanced crossover study was to assess the acute effects of phenylcapsaicin (PC) intake (2.5 mg) on intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and heart rate (HR) during a 30-min cycling task performed at 15% of the individual maximal power. Twenty-two healthy young adults performed the cycling task 45 min after ingesting PC or placebo. IOP was measured with a rebound tonometer before exercise, during cycling (every 6 min), and after 5 and 10 min of recovery. OPP was assessed before and after exercise. HR was monitored throughout the cycling task. We found an acute increase of IOP levels related to PC consumption while cycling (mean difference = 1.91 ± 2.24 mmHg; p = .007, ηp2=.30), whereas no differences were observed for OPP levels between the PC and placebo conditions (mean difference = 1.33 ± 8.70 mmHg; p = .608). Mean HR values were higher after PC in comparison with placebo intake (mean difference = 3.11 ± 15.87 bpm, p = .019, ηp2=.24), whereas maximum HR did not differ between both experimental conditions (p = .199). These findings suggest that PC intake before exercise should be avoided when reducing IOP levels is desired (e.g., glaucoma patients or those at risk). Future studies should determine the effects of different ergogenic aids on IOP and OPP levels with other exercise configurations and in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Lara Vázquez
- CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Research Group, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Sara Chacón Ventura
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alix-Fages
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amador García Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jesús Vera
- CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Research Group, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beatriz Redondo
- CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Research Group, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang Y, Wei Y, Lee CHC, Or PW, Karunaratne IK, Deng M, Yang W, Chong IT, Yang Y, Chen Z, Fan Y, Lam DCC, Yu M. Continuous 24-hour intraocular pressure monitoring in normal Chinese adults using a novel contact lens sensor system. Br J Ophthalmol 2024:bjo-2023-323361. [PMID: 38365429 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2023-323361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the physiological nyctohemeral intraocular pressure (IOP) rhythms of normal Chinese adults using a novel contact lens sensor system (CLS) that can output IOP in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg) continuously. METHODS Fifty-nine eyes of 59 normal Chinese adults completed 24-hour IOP monitoring using the novel CLS. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the 24-hour IOP mean, peak and acrophase, trough and bathyphase, fluctuation, and mean amplitude of intraocular pressure excursion (MAPE). The continuous data were analysed at several periods (diurnal period, 08:00-20:00 hours; nocturnal period, 22:00-06:00 hours; sleep time, 0:00-06:00 hours), and compared between right and left eyes, males and females, and different age ranges (<30, and ≥30), respectively. RESULTS Normal adults had a lower peak, higher trough, smaller fluctuation and smaller MAPE (p<0.05 for all comparisons) but non-significantly different mean (p=0.695) in the nocturnal period or sleep time compared with the diurnal period. The 24-hour IOP peak and trough showed the frequency of occurrence ranging from 1.69% to 15.25% at an interval of 2 hours. No IOP parameter showed significant difference between right and left eyes (p>0.1 for all comparisons). The male group had larger 24-hour and diurnal IOP fluctuation and MAPE (p<0.05 for all comparisons). Subjects aged 30 or over had higher 24-hour and diurnal mean, higher peak, and larger MAPE (p<0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION Continuous 24-hour IOP output from the CLS in normal Chinese was stable with a comparable mean level between day and night, as well as scattered acrophase and bathyphase. The 24-hour IOP mean increased with age, and IOP variations were positively correlated to age and male sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ching Hymn Christopher Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Wai Or
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Isuru Kaweendra Karunaratne
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingjie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Iok Tong Chong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yangfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - David C C Lam
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Gene J, Colado JC, Perez-Castilla A, García-Ramos A, Redondo B, Jiménez R, Vera J, Martín-Rivera F. Acute Intraocular Pressure Responses to Resistance Training in Combination With Blood Flow Restriction. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:1110-1116. [PMID: 36130122 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2119197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effect of blood flow restriction (BFR) applied to the legs at different pressures (40% and 60%) on intraocular pressure (IOP) during the execution of ten repetitions maximum (10RM) in the half-squat exercise. Methods: Quasi-experimental, prospective study with 17 healthy physically active subjects (9 males and 8 females; 24.1 ± 4.2 years). Two sessions were conducted. The 10RM load was determined in the first session. The second session consisted of 10RM under three BFR conditions (no-BFR, 40%-BFR, and 60%-BFR) that were applied in random order. IOP was measured before each condition, immediately after each repetition, and after 1 minute of passive recovery. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (restriction type [no-BFR, 40%-BFR, and 60%-BFR] x measurement point [basal, repetitions 1-10, and recovery]) was applied on the IOP measurements. Results: A significant main effect of the BFR condition (p = .022, ƞp2 = 0.21) was observed due to the significantly higher mean IOP values for the 60%-BFR (19.0 ± 0.7 mmHg) compared to the no-BFR (18.0 ± 0.8 mmHg; p = .048, dunb = 1.30). Non-significant differences with a large effect size were reached between 60%-BFR and 40%-BFR (18.1 ± 0.8 mmHg; p = .081, dunb = 1.16) and between no-BFR and 40%-BFR (p = .686, dunb = 0.18). IOP increased approximately 3-4 mmHg from baseline to the last repetition. Conclusions: Low-pressure BFR (40%-BFR) in combination with moderate-load (10RM load) resistance exercise could be an effective and safe strength training strategy while avoiding IOP peaks associated with heavy-load resistance exercises. These findings incorporate novel insights into the most effective exercise strategies in individuals who need to maintain stable IOP levels (e.g., glaucoma patients).
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Vera J, Redondo B, Molina R, García-Ramos A, Jiménez R. Immediate and cumulative effects of upper-body isometric exercise on the cornea and anterior segment of the human eye. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13160. [PMID: 35341047 PMCID: PMC8944333 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The execution of isometric resistance training has demonstrated to cause changes in the ocular physiology. The morphology of the cornea and anterior chamber is of paramount importance in the prevention and management of several ocular diseases, and thus, understating the impact of performing isometric exercise on the eye physiology may allow a better management of these ocular conditions. We aimed to determine the short-term effects of 2-minutes upper-body isometric effort at two different intensities on corneal and anterior eye morphology. Methods Eighteen healthy young adults performed a 2-minutes isometric biceps-curl exercise against two loads relative to their maximum strength capacity (high-intensity and low-intensity) in a randomized manner. An Oculus Pentacam was used to measure the corneal morphology and anterior chamber parameters in both experimental conditions at baseline, during the isometric effort (after 30, 60, 90 and 120 seconds), and after 30 and 120 seconds of passive recovery. Results We found that isometric effort causes an increase in pupil size (P < 0.001), and a decrease in the iridocorneal angle (P = 0.005), anterior chamber volume (P < 0.001) and K-flat (P < 0.001) during isometric effort, with these effects being more accentuated in high-intensity condition (P < 0.005 in all cases).Performing 2-minutes upper-body isometric effort did not alter anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, corneal volume, and K-steep (P > 0.05 in all cases). Conclusions Our data exhibit that performing 2-minutes of upper-body isometric exercise modifies several parameters of the corneal morphology and anterior eye biometrics, with these changes being greater for the high-intensity exercise condition. The findings of this study may be of relevance for the prevention and management of corneal ectasias and glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Vera
- Department of Optics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain, Spain
| | - Beatriz Redondo
- Department of Optics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain, Spain
| | - Rubén Molina
- Department of Optics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Granada, Spain,Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Catholic University of Most Holy Concepción, Concepción, Chile, Chile
| | - Raimundo Jiménez
- Department of Optics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain, Spain
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García-Medina JJ, Pinazo-Durán MD. Updates in Clinical and Translational Glaucoma Research. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010221. [PMID: 35011961 PMCID: PMC8745984 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a sight-threatening disease and the primum mobile of irreversible blindness worldwide [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier García-Medina
- Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.J.G.-M.); (M.D.P.-D.)
| | - Maria Dolores Pinazo-Durán
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolia”/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Group, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.J.G.-M.); (M.D.P.-D.)
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