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Yamashita MW, Larsen LH, Perez J, Edwards AV, Papaioannou J, Jiang Y. Comparison of Mammography and Mammography with Supplemental Whole-Breast US Tomography for Cancer Detection in Patients with Dense Breasts. Radiology 2024; 311:e231680. [PMID: 38888480 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.231680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with dense breasts benefit from supplemental cancer screening with US, but US has low specificity. PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of breast US tomography (UST) combined with full-field digital mammography (FFDM) compared with FFDM alone for breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective multireader multicase study included women with dense breasts who underwent FFDM and UST at 10 centers between August 2017 and October 2019 as part of a prospective case collection registry. All patients in the registry with cancer were included; patients with benign biopsy or negative follow-up imaging findings were randomly selected for inclusion. Thirty-two Mammography Quality Standards Act-qualified radiologists independently evaluated FFDM followed immediately by FFDM plus UST for suspicious findings and assigned a Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category. The superiority of FFDM plus UST versus FFDM alone for cancer detection (assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]), BI-RADS 4 sensitivity, and BI-RADS 3 sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using the two-sided significance level of α = .05. Noninferiority of BI-RADS 4 specificity was evaluated at the one-sided significance level of α = .025 with a -10% margin. RESULTS Among 140 women (mean age, 56 years ±10 [SD]; 36 with cancer, 104 without), FFDM plus UST achieved superior performance compared with FFDM alone (AUC, 0.60 [95% CI: 0.51, 0.69] vs 0.54 [95% CI: 0.45, 0.64]; P = .03). For FFDM plus UST versus FFDM alone, BI-RADS 4 mean sensitivity was superior (37% [428 of 1152] vs 30% [343 of 1152]; P = .03) and BI-RADS 4 mean specificity was noninferior (82% [2741 of 3328] vs 88% [2916 of 3328]; P = .004). For FFDM plus UST versus FFDM, no difference in BI-RADS 3 mean sensitivity was observed (40% [461 of 1152] vs 33% [385 of 1152]; P = .08), but BI-RADS 3 mean specificity was superior (75% [2491 of 3328] vs 69% [2299 of 3328]; P = .04). CONCLUSION In women with dense breasts, FFDM plus UST improved cancer detection by radiologists versus FFDM alone. Clinical trial registration nos. NCT03257839 and NCT04260620 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Mann in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary W Yamashita
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
| | - Linda H Larsen
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
| | - Jeremiah Perez
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
| | - Alexandra V Edwards
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
| | - John Papaioannou
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
| | - Yulei Jiang
- From the Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Keck Hospital, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor, Suite 2250, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (M.W.Y., L.H.L.); Department of Biostatistics, Avania U.S., Marlborough, Mass (J. Perez); and Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill (A.V.E., J. Papaioannou, Y.J.)
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Littrup PJ, Mehrmohammadi M, Duric N. Breast Tomographic Ultrasound: The Spectrum from Current Dense Breast Cancer Screenings to Future Theranostic Treatments. Tomography 2024; 10:554-573. [PMID: 38668401 PMCID: PMC11053617 DOI: 10.3390/tomography10040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides unique insights to the scientific scope and clinical visions of the inventors and pioneers of the SoftVue breast tomographic ultrasound (BTUS). Their >20-year collaboration produced extensive basic research and technology developments, culminating in SoftVue, which recently received the Food and Drug Administration's approval as an adjunct to breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts. SoftVue's multi-center trial confirmed the diagnostic goals of the tissue characterization and localization of quantitative acoustic tissue differences in 2D and 3D coronal image sequences. SoftVue mass characterizations are also reviewed within the standard cancer risk categories of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. As a quantitative diagnostic modality, SoftVue can also function as a cost-effective platform for artificial intelligence-assisted breast cancer identification. Finally, SoftVue's quantitative acoustic maps facilitate noninvasive temperature monitoring and a unique form of time-reversed, focused US in a single theranostic device that actually focuses acoustic energy better within the highly scattering breast tissues, allowing for localized hyperthermia, drug delivery, and/or ablation. Women also prefer the comfort of SoftVue over mammograms and will continue to seek out less-invasive breast care, from diagnosis to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Littrup
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA
| | - Mohammad Mehrmohammadi
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (M.M.); (N.D.)
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Inc., Novi, MI 48374, USA
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Li F, Villa U, Duric N, Anastasio MA. A Forward Model Incorporating Elevation-Focused Transducer Properties for 3-D Full-Waveform Inversion in Ultrasound Computed Tomography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2023; 70:1339-1354. [PMID: 37682648 PMCID: PMC10775680 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2023.3313549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) is an emerging medical imaging modality that holds great promise for improving human health. Full-waveform inversion (FWI)-based image reconstruction methods account for the relevant wave physics to produce high spatial resolution images of the acoustic properties of the breast tissues. A practical USCT design employs a circular ring-array comprised of elevation-focused ultrasonic transducers, and volumetric imaging is achieved by translating the ring-array orthogonally to the imaging plane. In commonly deployed slice-by-slice (SBS) reconstruction approaches, the 3-D volume is reconstructed by stacking together 2-D images reconstructed for each position of the ring-array. A limitation of the SBS reconstruction approach is that it does not account for 3-D wave propagation physics and the focusing properties of the transducers, which can result in significant image artifacts and inaccuracies. To perform 3-D image reconstruction when elevation-focused transducers are employed, a numerical description of the focusing properties of the transducers should be included in the forward model. To address this, a 3-D computational model of an elevation-focused transducer is developed to enable 3-D FWI-based reconstruction methods to be deployed in ring-array-based USCT. The focusing is achieved by applying a spatially varying temporal delay to the ultrasound pulse (emitter mode) and recorded signal (receiver mode). The proposed numerical transducer model is quantitatively validated and employed in computer simulation studies that demonstrate its use in image reconstruction for ring-array USCT.
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Engineering Hydrogels for Modulation of Dendritic Cell Function. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020116. [PMID: 36826287 PMCID: PMC9957133 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells, are necessary for the effective activation of naïve T cells. DCs encounter numerous microenvironments with different biophysical properties, such as stiffness and viscoelasticity. Considering the emerging importance of mechanical cues for DC function, it is essential to understand the impacts of these cues on DC function in a physiological or pathological context. Engineered hydrogels have gained interest for the exploration of the impacts of biophysical matrix cues on DC functions, owing to their extracellular-matrix-mimetic properties, such as high water content, a sponge-like pore structure, and tunable mechanical properties. In this review, the introduction of gelation mechanisms of hydrogels is first summarized. Then, recent advances in the substantial effects of developing hydrogels on DC function are highlighted, and the potential molecular mechanisms are subsequently discussed. Finally, persisting questions and future perspectives are presented.
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Pattyn A, Kratkiewicz K, Alijabbari N, Carson PL, Littrup P, Fowlkes JB, Duric N, Mehrmohammadi M. Feasibility of ultrasound tomography-guided localized mild hyperthermia using a ring transducer: Ex vivo and in silico studies. Med Phys 2022; 49:6120-6136. [PMID: 35759729 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As of 2022, breast cancer continues to be the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. This problem persists within the United States as well, as the American Cancer Society has reported that ∼12.5% of women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. Therefore, a clinical need continues to exist to address this disease from a treatment and therapeutic perspective. Current treatments for breast cancer and cancers more broadly include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Adjuncts to these methods have been developed to improve the clinical outcomes for patients. One such adjunctive treatment is mild hyperthermia therapy (MHTh), which has been shown to be successful in the treatment of cancers by increasing effectiveness and reduced dosage requirements for radiation and chemotherapies. MHTh-assisted treatments can be performed with invasive thermal devices, noninvasive microwave induction, heating and recirculation of extracted patient blood, or whole-body hyperthermia with hot blankets. PURPOSE One common method for inducing MHTh is by using microwave for heat induction and magnetic resonance imaging for temperature monitoring. However, this leads to a complex, expensive, and inaccessible therapy platform. Therefore, in this work we aim to show the feasibility of a novel all-acoustic MHTh system that uses focused ultrasound (US) to induce heating while also using US tomography (UST) to provide temperature estimates. Changes in sound speed (SS) have been shown to be strongly correlated with temperature changes and can therefore be used to indirectly monitor heating throughout the therapy. Additionally, these SS estimates allow for heterogeneous SS-corrected phase delays when heating complex and heterogeneous tissue structures. METHODS Feasibility to induce localized heat in tissue was investigated in silico with a simulated breast model, including an embedded tumor using continuous wave US. Here, both heterogenous acoustic and thermal properties were modeled in addition to blood perfusion. We further demonstrate, with ex vivo tissue phantoms, the feasibility of using ring-based UST to monitor temperature by tracking changes in SS. Two phantoms (lamb tissue and human abdominal fat) with latex tubes containing varied temperature flowing water were imaged. The measured SS of the water at each temperature were compared against values that are reported in literature. RESULTS Results from ex vivo tissue studies indicate successful tracking of temperature under various phantom configurations and ranges of water temperature. The results of in silico studies show that the proposed system can heat an acoustically and thermally heterogenous breast model to the clinically relevant temperature of 42°C while accounting for a reasonable time needed to image the current cross section (200 ms). Further, we have performed an initial in silico study demonstrating the feasibility of adjusting the transmit waveform frequency to modify the effective heating height at the focused region. Lastly, we have shown in a simpler 2D breast model that MHTh level temperatures can be maintained by adjusting the transmit pressure intensity of the US ring. CONCLUSIONS This work has demonstrated the feasibility of using a 256-element ring array transducer for temperature monitoring; however, future work will investigate minimizing the difference between measured SS and the values shown in literature. A hypothesis attributes this bias to potential volumetric average artifacts from the ray-based SS inversion algorithm that was used, and that moving to a waveform-based SS inversion algorithm will greatly improve the SS estimates. Additionally, we have shown that an all-acoustic MHTh system is feasible via in silico studies. These studies have indicated that the proposed system can heat a tumor within a heterogenous breast model to 42°C within a narrow time frame. This holds great promise for increasing the accessibility and reducing the complexity of a future all-acoustic MHTh system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pattyn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Karl Kratkiewicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Naser Alijabbari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul L Carson
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter Littrup
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Novi, Michigan, USA.,Ascension Providence Rochester Radiology, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - J Brian Fowlkes
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nebojsa Duric
- Delphinus Medical Technologies, Novi, Michigan, USA.,Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad Mehrmohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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