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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2021-2022. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38925550 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates is a well-established technique and this review is the 12th update of the original article published in 1999 and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2022. As with previous review, this review also includes a few papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review follows the same format as previous reviews. It is divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of computer software for structural identification. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other general areas such as medicine, industrial processes, natural products and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis, particularly in its ability to produce single ions from each analyte and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Di Lorenzo B, Zoroddu S, Mangoni AA, Sotgia S, Paliogiannis P, Erre GL, Carru C, Zinellu A. Association between blood Pentraxin-3 concentrations and rheumatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14257. [PMID: 38808454 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the Pentraxins, the long Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is associated with several processes, particularly in the earliest phases of the innate humoral response. Increased blood PTX-3 concentrations have been observed in a wide range of conditions, from infectious to cardiovascular disorders. Since its increase is more rapid than C-reactive protein (CRP), PTX-3 can be useful to detect and monitor early inflammation. To dissect its pathophysiological role in rheumatic diseases (RD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing blood PTX-3 concentrations in RD patients and healthy individuals and investigating possible associations with clinical, demographic, and study characteristics. METHODS We performed a search of published evidence until April 2024 in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, which led to the selection of 60 relevant manuscripts from a total of 1072 records. RESULTS Our synthesis revealed a statistically significant difference in PTX-3 concentrations between RD patients and controls (standard mean difference, SMD = 1.02, 95% CI 0.77-1.26, p < .001), that correlated with CRP concentrations. The effect size was associated with geographical region of study conduction, RD type, with a reduction of the observed heterogeneity in patients with low LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown a significant increase in blood PTX-3 concentrations in RD patients, which was associated with specific patient characteristics. Nevertheless, additional studies are needed to better define the utility of measuring PTX-3 in the early phase of RD. Our study was conducted in compliance with the PRISMA 2020 statement (study protocol available at PROSPERO CRD42024516600).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Zoroddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Salvatore Sotgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Anatomic Pathology and Histology Unit, University Hospital (AOU) of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Erre
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Rheumatology Unit, University Hospital (AOU) of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital (AOU) of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Nimura T, Aomura D, Harada M, Yamaguchi A, Yamaka K, Nakajima T, Tanaka N, Ehara T, Hashimoto K, Kamijo Y. Investigation of Clinical Features and Association between Vascular Endothelial Injury Markers and Cytomegalovirus Infection Associated with Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Patients with Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis: Case-Based Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:812. [PMID: 38255886 PMCID: PMC10815804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) can occasionally trigger thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may be reactivated during intensive immunosuppressive therapy for AAV and cause TMA. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical features of and the association between vascular endothelial injury markers and TMA due to CMV in patients with AAV. A 61-year-old female was diagnosed with AAV and severe kidney injury. Immunosuppressive therapy gradually improved her symptoms and laboratory findings. However, 2 weeks after induction therapy initiation, she exhibited altered consciousness, a significant decrease in platelet count, and hemolytic anemia, resulting in a TMA diagnosis. Plasma exchange did not improve TMA findings and routine screening test revealed CMV infection. Ganciclovir injection improved the infection and TMA findings. Consequently, we diagnosed her with CMV-induced TMA. Both AAV and CMV may induce severe vascular endothelial injury, potentially leading to TMA development. CMV-induced TMA should be considered when TMA develops during induction therapy against AAV. Moreover, of the three serum markers of vascular injury-serum sulfatides, soluble thrombomodulin, and pentraxin 3-serum sulfatides may be associated with the development of TMA, and a high level of soluble thrombomodulin may be associated with the development of CMV viremia during the clinical course of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nimura
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Daiki Aomura
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Makoto Harada
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Akinori Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Kosuke Yamaka
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Takero Nakajima
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
- Center for Medical Education and Training, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Department of Global Medical Research Promotion, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
- International Relations Office, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
- Research Center for Social Systems, Shinshu University, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takashi Ehara
- Department of Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
| | - Yuji Kamijo
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan; (T.N.); (D.A.); (A.Y.); (K.Y.); (K.H.)
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Aomura D, Harada M, Nakajima T, Nimura T, Yamaka K, Yamada Y, Hashimoto K, Tanaka N, Kamijo Y. Serum sulfatide level is associated with severe systemic vasculitis with kidney involvement. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271741. [PMID: 38111574 PMCID: PMC10726124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfatides are a type of sulfated glycosphingolipid that are secreted with lipoproteins into the serum. These molecules are involved in the inflammatory pathway of vessels in addition to coagulation and platelet aggregation. Previous studies have proposed that sulfatides play a pivotal role in regulating inflammation-related disorders. Systemic vasculitis (SV) diseases are generally caused by autoimmune diseases and often involve kidney vasculitis, which may lead to rapidly progressive kidney dysfunction and end-stage kidney disease. Our earlier pilot study revealed that the level of serum sulfatides (SSs) was significantly decreased in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), a representative disease-causing SV with kidney involvement (SVKI), especially in patients exhibiting active crescentic findings on kidney biopsy. To further explore the clinical significance of an association between SS and SVKI, we analyzed and compared the SS level of patients with various SVKI diseases in this retrospective cohort study. Among patients admitted to our hospital between 2008 and 2021, we ultimately enrolled 26 patients with IgA vasculitis (IgAV), 62 patients with AAV, and 10 patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane disease (GBM) as examples of SVKI diseases, as well as 50 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and 23 donors for living kidney transplantation as controls. The mean ± standard deviation SS level in the donor, IgAN, IgAV, AAV, and GBM groups was 8.26 ± 1.72, 8.01 ± 2.21, 6.01 ± 1.73, 5.37 ± 1.97, and 2.73 ± 0.99 nmol/mL, respectively. Analysis of patients in the SVKI disease group showed that those with the crescentic class kidney biopsy finding exhibited a significantly lower SS level than did those with other class biopsy features. Additionally, the SS level had a higher detection ability for SVKI patients with crescentic class kidney biopsy findings (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.82-0.99) than did several other predictor candidates. Our results indicate that the SS level is decreased in more severe SVKI diseases and may be associated with active glomerular lesions in SVKI kidney biopsy samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Aomura
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Harada
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takero Nakajima
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Medical Education and Training, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nimura
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yamaka
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Department of Global Medical Research Promotion, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- International Relations Office, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Research Center for Social Systems, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamijo
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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