Lipid, Aqueous and Mucin Tear Film Layer Stability and Permanence within 0.15% Liposome Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid versus 0.15% Non-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Measured with a Novel Non-Invasive Ocular Surface Analyzer

Changes of dry eye parameters after small incision lenticule extraction surgery in patients with different ocular surface disease index scores

To evaluate the changes of dry eye parameters after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery in patients with different ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores. Prospective research. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A, OSDI < 13; and Group B, OSDI ≥ 13. The OSDI scores, tear meniscus height (TMH), first non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT-First), and meibomian gland loss (MGL, %) were recorded at postoperative 1 -week and 1-month.113 eyes (57 patients) were enrolled, 70 eyes in Group A, and 43 eyes in Group B. In Group A, the OSDI scores significantly increased at 1-week and 1-month postoperative (all P < 0.001); the TMH, NIBUT-First and lipid layer grade significantly decreased at postoperative 1-week (P = 0.003, 0.005, 0.007, 0.004, respectively), but returned to preoperative level at 1-month postoperative. In Group B, only the lipid layer grade significantly decreased at postoperative 1-week (P < 0.05). Patients with different preoperative OSDI scores may experience different changes early after SMILE surgery. Patients with OSDI scores < 13 may experience more dramatic changes in dry eye symptoms which would resolve, while subjective complains could still exists at 1 month after surgery.

Exploring the Cutting Edge of Vision Science: New Developments in Diagnostics and Treatment of Ocular Surface in Dry Eye Disease

The ocular surface refers to the outermost layer of the eye, which includes the cornea, conjunctiva and eyelids [...].

Tear film layers and meibomian gland assessment in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer: a cross-sectional case–control study

Purpose

To assess the tear film layers and Meibomian glands by a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer in patients with and without type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods

Eighty-eight participants were enrolled in this study: 44 patients with T1DM without diabetic retinopathy, and 44 patients as a control group, between 18 and 49 years old. Limbal and bulbar redness classification, lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear meniscus height (TMH), first and mean noninvasive tear break-up time (FNIBUT and MNIBUT, respectively), and Meibomian glands loss (MGL) were assessment through the ICP Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA). Schirmer’s I test (SIT), the fluorescein tear break-up time test (TFBUT), OSDI and SPEED questionnaires, and percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also tested.

Results

The T1DM group showed higher limbal and bulbar redness (p = 0.010) and lower LLT (p < 0.001), TMH (p < 0.001), FNIBUT (p < 0.001), MNIBUT (p < 0.001), SIT (p = 0.001), and TFBUT (p < 0.001) than the control group. A higher percentage of MGL was found in the T1DM group in the upper (p = 0.097) and lower (p < 0.001) eyelids. No significant differences were found in dry eye symptoms across the OSDI and SPEED questionnaires between the two groups.

Conclusion

Patients with T1DM without signs of retinopathy showed involvement of the mucoaqueous and lipid layers of the tear film, as well as a higher percentage of MGL, using a noninvasive analyzer. Dry eye disease in people with T1DM cannot be ruled out by anamnesis and subjective symptom questionnaires alone; therefore, these patients should undergo regular anterior pole examinations.