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Hyytiäinen V, Ala-Mursula L, Oura P, Paananen M, Karhunen V, Rusanen H, Geerlings MI, Miettunen J, Rissanen I. Clusters of parental socioeconomic status in early childhood and inherited risk for cerebrovascular disease until mid-life-Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Int J Stroke 2024:17474930241282521. [PMID: 39215637 DOI: 10.1177/17474930241282521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is rising among young adults (< 55 years). The risk for CVD starts to form in early childhood and is comprised of genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between early family socioeconomic status (SES), inherited risk, and CVD until midlife. METHODS In the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 of 12,058 children, individuals were followed from gestational period up to 54 years. We used previously published early family SES clusters, based on latent class analysis of a wide set of prenatally collected variables. We investigated inherited risk with polygenic risk score (PRS) and parental CVDs during follow-up. The associations of the five distinct clusters, inherited risk, and consequent risk for various types of CVDs until middle age were analyzed with Cox regression. All analyses were conducted first in the whole sample and then stratified by sex as is recommended in cardiovascular studies. RESULTS During the follow-up of 586,943 person-years, 512 CVDs occurred. No clear association between SES clusters and CVD were found. Higher PRS associated with any CVD (hazard ratio (HR) per 1 SD increase: 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.31), and ischemic CVD (HR: 1.21; 1.05-1.40). We found no combined associations of early family SES and inherited risk for CVD. CONCLUSIONS Inherited risk was associated with the risk for CVD in mid-life in Finnish population. We found no clear connection with early family SES and CVD. Being born to a specific SES group did not increase the effect of inherited risk. DATA ACCESS STATEMENT NFBC1966 data are available from the University of Oulu, Infrastructure for Population Studies for researchers who meet the criteria for accessing confidential data. In the use of data, we follow the EU general data protection regulation (679/2016) and Finnish Data Protection Act. Permission to use the data can be applied for research purposes from https://www.oulu.fi/nfbc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hyytiäinen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leena Ala-Mursula
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Oura
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Paananen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Harri Rusanen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mirjam I Geerlings
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later life and Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience; Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and Sleep, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jouko Miettunen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ina Rissanen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Zhang K, Loong SSE, Yuen LZH, Venketasubramanian N, Chin HL, Lai PS, Tan BYQ. Genetics in Ischemic Stroke: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:495. [PMID: 38132662 PMCID: PMC10743455 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10120495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a heterogeneous condition influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Recent advancements have explored genetics in relation to various aspects of ischemic stroke, including the alteration of individual stroke occurrence risk, modulation of treatment response, and effectiveness of post-stroke functional recovery. This article aims to review the recent findings from genetic studies related to various clinical and molecular aspects of ischemic stroke. The potential clinical applications of these genetic insights in stratifying stroke risk, guiding personalized therapy, and identifying new therapeutic targets are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Zhang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Shaun S. E. Loong
- Cardiovascular-Metabolic Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Linus Z. H. Yuen
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | | | - Hui-Lin Chin
- Khoo Teck Puat National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
| | - Poh San Lai
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Benjamin Y. Q. Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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