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Shen Y, Wu Y, Luo P, Fu M, Zhu K, Wang J. Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and depression in US adults: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:299-307. [PMID: 38548206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence implicates a significant association between depression and obesity and related metabolic dysfunction. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) was recently identified as an ideal index that integrates total body fat, muscle mass, and bone mass. This study investigated the relationship between WWI and depressive symptoms in adults. METHODS Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2018) were enrolled. Depressive symptom severity was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and generalized additive models were used to determine the relationship between WWI and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 34,575 participants were included, with a mean WWI of 11.01; 2,979 participants were suspected of having depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10). A significant positive association was identified between WWI and depressive symptoms (odds ratio = 1.416, 95 % confidence interval: 1.303-1.539, P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses suggested that the association between WWI and depressive symptoms was stronger in individuals who were female, overweight, divorced, middle-aged or older (over 40 years old), and had diabetes. Furthermore, the non-linear multivariable regression revealed an inflection point for the WWI at 11.438, and the association was only significant when the WWI was higher than this point. LIMITATIONS This study was retrospective and only included participants from the United States; therefore, further validation is needed from studies in other countries, especially middle-to-low-income countries, using longitudinal cohorts. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a significant positive association between WWI and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shen
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Tongling City, Tongling, Anhui, China
| | - Yahui Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China; Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Panru Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China; Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Minghan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China; Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China; Department of Pathology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
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Li J, Sun J, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Zhou L. Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and cognitive decline in US elderly participants. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1390282. [PMID: 38903624 PMCID: PMC11187255 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1390282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between the weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) and cognitive decline in elderly Americans from 2011 to 2014. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,762 elderly participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) between 2011 and 2014. WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference (cm) by the square root of body weight (kg). Participants assessed their cognitive functions using tests such as the DSST, AFT, and CERAD W-L. In this research, multiple logistic regression, HIA, limited cubic spline (RCS), and threshold effect analysis methods were utilized to explore the relationship between cognitive decline and WWI. Results The study involved 2,762 participants aged 60 years and older, comprising 1,353 males (49%) and 1,409 females (51%), with a median age of 69.3 years (standard deviation = 6.7). The analysis revealed that the risk of cognitive decline was positively associated with the WWI. Fully adjusted models indicated significant correlations with the CERAD W-L [odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-1.46, p < 0.008], AFT (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.08-1.49, p = 0.003), and DSST (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.29-1.9, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a consistent relationship across different population settings except for gender (average of interactions, p > 0.05). A J-shaped relationship between WWI and low DSST scores was observed using multivariate restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression (P for non-linearity <0.05), with the curve steepening when WWI ≥ 12.21 cm/√kg. Additionally, the study found that WWI was more strongly associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline than other obesity indicators such as Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and A Body Shape Index (ABSI). Conclusion Our data have shown a significant positive association between the WWI and a higher risk of cognitive decline in older Americans, with a J-shaped non-linear relationship between WWI and DSST. In addition, our findings indicate that WWI was associated with greater cognitive decline than other markers of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liya Zhou
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Zhou R, Xiao Q, Zhao L, Tang J, Han Y, Huang N, Wang Y, Cheng J, Lyu J, Xiong L, Li L. The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and psoriasis: A cross-sectional study. Prev Med 2024; 185:108026. [PMID: 38844051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explored the association between psoriasis and the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a newly developed measure of adiposity. The research was conducted among adults in the United States. METHODS Utilizing survey data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2009 to 2014, the present study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between psoriasis and WWI within a sample of 15,920 adult participants. Employing multivariable logistic regression and nonlinear curve fitting techniques, we analyzed this plausible association. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was conducted to ascertain the consistency across diverse populations. RESULTS A significant positive association was discovered between psoriasis and WWI in the investigated sample of 15,920 adults. After conducting a comprehensive adjustment of the model, it was observed that each incremental unit of WWI was significantly associated with an 14% elevated likelihood of developing psoriasis (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.36). Moreover, individuals belonging to the highest quartile of WWI exhibited a 47% higher risk of psoriasis compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.01-2.06). This positive correlation remained consistent across various subgroups. The study also compared WWI with BMI and waist circumference, finding that WWI is a more stable metric of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that in US adults, there is a positive association between WWI and psoriasis. It also indicated that WWI showed potential as a valuable index of psoriasis among the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runke Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Lyu
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China.
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Sun D, He H, Luo B, Xie B. The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and stress urinary incontinence in female adults: a population-based study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1851-1858. [PMID: 38289545 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity has a significant impact on female stress urinary incontinence. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), a newly explored metric for measuring physical obesity and stress urine incontinence, has not been investigated. METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of participants with complete data for WWI and SUI. The independent connection between WWI and SUI was examined using weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses. Smoothed curve fitting was used to study their relationship. In addition, subgroup analyses were performed, and interaction tests were undertaken. RESULTS In 2,361 female participants over 20, WWI and SUI showed a positive association. Model 3 found that for each one-unit increase in WWI, SUI prevalence increased by 38% [1.38 (1.20, 1.59)]. The prevalence of SUI was 84% higher among participants in the highest quartile of WWI compared to those in the lowest quartile [1.84 (1.32, 2.57)]. Observed nonlinear positive correlation between WWI and SUI was revealed through smoothed curve fitting. In addition, we found that WWI was more strongly associated with SUI than traditional indicators of obesity, including BMI and weight. CONCLUSIONS Females with higher weight-adjusted waist index levels were more likely to develop stress urinary incontinence and have a stronger correlation than traditional indicators of obesity. According to our research, WWI may help detect women's stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and managing obesity through the WWI index may reduce SUI prevalence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakai Sun
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Haoyang He
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Baqiang Luo
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Botao Xie
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing, Yunnan, China.
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Wang Z, Shao X, Xu W, Xue B, Zhong S, Yang Q. The relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1345411. [PMID: 38559695 PMCID: PMC10978751 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1345411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is seen as a risk factor for diabetic complications. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a recently developed index for measuring adiposity. Our goal was to uncover the potential correlation between the WWI index and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk. Methods This cross-sectional study included adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who participated in the NHANES database (2007-2018). The WWI index was calculated as waist circumference (WC, cm) divided by the square root of weight (kg). DKD was diagnosed based on impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73m2), albuminuria (urinary albumin to urinary creatinine ratio>30 mg/g), or both in T2DM patients. The independent relationship between WWI index and DKD risk was evaluated. Results A total of 5,028 participants with T2DM were included, with an average WWI index of 11.61 ± 0.02. As the quartile range of the WWI index increased, the prevalence of DKD gradually increased (26.76% vs. 32.63% vs. 39.06% vs. 42.96%, P<0.001). After adjusting for various confounding factors, the WWI index was independently associated with DKD risk (OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.12-1.56, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the WWI index was higher than that of body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and WC. Subgroup analysis suggested that the relationship between the WWI index and DKD risk was of greater concern in patients over 60 years old and those with cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Our findings suggest that higher WWI levels are linked to DKD in T2DM patients. The WWI index could be a cost-effective and simple way to detect DKD, but further prospective studies are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingshuang Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shao Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qichao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Yu C, He S, Kuang M, Wang C, Huang X, Sheng G, Zou Y. Association between weight-adjusted waist index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:22. [PMID: 38369482 PMCID: PMC10874525 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is the most important driver of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); nevertheless, the relationship of weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), a new obesity index, with NAFLD is unclear. METHODS This retrospective study used data from the NAGALA project from 1994 to 2016. WWI values were calculated using waist circumference (WC) and weight measurements of the participants. Three stepwise adjusted logistic regression models were developed to assess the relationship of WWI with NAFLD in the whole population and in both sexes. Additionally, we also conducted a series of exploratory analysis to test the potential impact of body mass index (BMI), age, smoking status and exercise habits on the association of WWI with NAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to estimate cut-off points for identifying NAFLD in the entire population and in both sexes. RESULTS The current study included a population of 11,805 individuals who participated in health screenings, including 6,451 men and 5,354 women. After adjusting for all non-collinear variables in the multivariable logistic regression model, we found a significant positive correlation of WWI with NAFLD. For each unit increase in WWI, the risk of NAFLD increased by 72% in the entire population, by 84% in men, and by 63% in women. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed no significant discrepancies in the correlation of WWI with NAFLD across individuals with varying ages, exercise habits, and smoking status (all P-interaction > 0.05), except for different BMI groups (P-interaction < 0.05). Specifically, compared to the overweight/obese group, the relationship of WWI with NAFLD was significantly stronger in the non-obese group, especially in non-obese men. Finally, based on the results of ROC analysis, we determined that the WWI cut-off point used to identify NAFLD was 9.7675 in men and 9.9987 in women. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to establish a positive correlation between WWI and NAFLD. Moreover, assessing the influence of WWI on NAFLD in individuals without obesity may yield more valuable insights compared to those who are overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Yu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiming He
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Zheng D, Zhao S, Luo D, Lu F, Ruan Z, Dong X, Chen W. Association between the weight-adjusted waist index and the odds of type 2 diabetes mellitus in United States adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1325454. [PMID: 38292766 PMCID: PMC10824908 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1325454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and the odds of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among U.S. adults. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning six years (2007-2018) were utilized, encompassing 31001 eligible participants. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models and smoothed fit curves were employed to assess the association between WWI and the odds of T2DM, as well as dose-response relationships in the overall population and the odds of T2DM in various subgroups. Results In the fully adjusted continuous model, each one-unit increase in WWI was associated with a 1.14-fold increase in the odds of T2DM within the entire study population (2.14 [1.98,2.31], P < 0.0001). In the fully adjusted categorical model, when using the lowest tertile of WWI (T1) as the reference group, the second tertile (T2) and the third tertile (T3) were associated with a 0.88-fold (1.88 [1.64,2.17], P < 0.0001) and a 2.63-fold (3.63 [3.11,4.23], P < 0.0001) increase in the odds of T2DM. These findings indicated a positive correlation between WWI values and the odds of T2DM, aligning with the results of the smoothed-fitted curves. In the analysis of subgroups, in addition to maintaining consistency with the overall population results, we found interactions between age and hypertension subgroups. Conclusion In conclusion, WWI was found to be positively associated with the odds of T2DM in U.S. adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Suzhen Zhao
- Dongying People’s Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhishen Ruan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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