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Levin N, Hendler-Neumark A, Kamber D, Bisker G. Enhanced cellular internalization of near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes facilitated by a transfection reagent. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 664:650-666. [PMID: 38490040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) hold immense potential for diverse biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and optical properties, including near-infrared fluorescence. Specifically, SWCNTs have been utilized to target cells as a vehicle for drug delivery and gene therapy, and as sensors for various intracellular biomarkers. While the main internalization route of SWCNTs into cells is endocytosis, methods for enhancing the cellular uptake of SWCNTs are of great importance. In this research, we demonstrate the use of a transfecting reagent for promoting cell internalization of functionalized SWCNTs. We explore different types of SWCNT functionalization, namely single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipids, and two different cell types, embryonic kidney cells and adenocarcinoma cells. We show that internalizing PEGylated functionalized SWCNTs is enhanced in the presence of the transfecting reagent, where the effect is more pronounced for negatively charged PEG-lipid. However, ssDNA-SWCNTs tend to form aggregates in the presence of the transfecting reagent, rendering it unsuitable for promoting internalization. For all cases, cellular uptake is visualized by near-infrared fluorescence microscopy, showing that the SWCNTs are typically localized within the lysosome. Generally, cellular internalization was higher in the adenocarcinoma cells, thereby paving new avenues for drug delivery and sensing in malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naamah Levin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Hendler-Neumark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dotan Kamber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gili Bisker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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Mehrabani D, Sholehvar F, Yaghmaei P, Zare S, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Jalli R, Hamzavai M, Mehrabani G, Zamiri B, Karimi-Busheri F. The impact of acemannan, an extracted product from Aloe vera, on proliferation of dental pulp stem cells and healing of mandibular defects in rabbits. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2024; 13:75-86. [PMID: 38765804 PMCID: PMC11101985 DOI: 10.62347/uafc3719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were shown to play an important role in regenerative medicine including reconstruction of various bone lesions. This study determined the impact of acemannan, an extracted product from Aloe vera, on in vitro proliferation of DPSCs and in vivo healing of mandibular defects in rabbits. METHODS DPSCs were isolated and characterized. The growth kinetics of cells exposed to acemannan (8 mg/mL) and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) were compared in vitro. Fifteen male rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Five animals were left as control group without any therapeutic intervention. Five rabbits were considered as experimental group 1 and received 20 µL of a cell suspension containing 106 DPSCs in the bone defect. Another 5 rabbits were regarded as experimental group 2 and were injected in the bone defect with 20 µL of a cell suspension containing 106 DPSCs treated with acemannan for 24 h. After 60 days, the animals were assessed by radiography and histologically. RESULTS The mesenchymal properties of DPSCs were confirmed. Population doubling time (PDT) of DPSCs treated with acemannan (29.8 h) was significantly shorter than cells were just exposed to HBSS (45.9 h). DPSCs together with acemannan could significantly accelerate the healing process and osteogenesis in mandibular defects. CONCLUSIONS As DPSCS showed an increased proliferation when treated with acemannan and accelerated the healing process in mandibular defects, these findings can open a new avenue in dentistry regenerative medicine when remedies of bone defects are targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of AlbertaEdmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Sholehvar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Zand Institute of Higher EducationShiraz, Iran
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityTehran, Iran
| | - Parichehr Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Zand Institute of Higher EducationShiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Jalli
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Hamzavai
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
- Dr. Hamzavi Dental Clinic CenterShiraz, Iran
| | - Golshid Mehrabani
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
- Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston UniversityBoston, MA, USA
| | - Barbad Zamiri
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz, Iran
| | - Feridoun Karimi-Busheri
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of AlbertaEdmonton, AB, Canada
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Kiarashi M, Bayat H, Shahrtash SA, Etajuri EA, Khah MM, Al-Shaheri NA, Nasiri K, Esfahaniani M, Yasamineh S. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Scaffolds in Regenerative Medicine of Dental Diseases. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:688-721. [PMID: 38308730 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Biomedical engineering breakthroughs and increased patient expectations and requests for more comprehensive care are propelling the field of regenerative dentistry forward at a fast pace. Stem cells (SCs), bioactive compounds, and scaffolds are the mainstays of tissue engineering, the backbone of regenerative dentistry. Repairing damaged teeth and gums is a significant scientific problem at present. Novel therapeutic approaches for tooth and periodontal healing have been inspired by tissue engineering based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, as a component of the MSC secretome, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to contribute to periodontal tissue repair and regeneration. The scaffold, made of an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM), acts as a supporting structure for new cell development and tissue formation. To effectively promote cell development, a scaffold must be non-toxic, biodegradable, biologically compatible, low in immunogenicity, and safe. Due to its promising biological characteristics for cell regeneration, dental tissue engineering has recently received much attention for its use of natural or synthetic polymer scaffolds with excellent mechanical properties, such as small pore size and a high surface-to-volume ratio, as a matrix. Moreover, as a bioactive material for carrying MSC-EVs, the combined application of scaffolds and MSC-EVs has a better regenerative effect on dental diseases. In this paper, we discuss how MSCs and MSC-derived EV treatment may be used to regenerate damaged teeth, and we highlight the role of various scaffolds in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kiarashi
- College of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | | | - Enas Abdalla Etajuri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Meysam Mohammadi Khah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahla Esfahaniani
- Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
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El-Latif NA, El Zehary RR, Ibrahim FM, Denewar M. Bone marrow stem cells with or without superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a magnetic targeting tool: Which is better in regeneration of neurolysed facial nerve? An experimental study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26675. [PMID: 38434051 PMCID: PMC10906296 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was performed to evaluate neural regenerative capacities of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) with or without superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a magnetic targeting tool after neurolysis of the facial nerve (FN) in albino rats. Methods Thirty-eight male albino rats were selected. Two of them were euthanized for normal FN histology assessment. Thirty-six rats were injected with ethanol in the FN nerve for neurolysis induction and assessed one week post-operatively by eye blinking test. Animals were divided into three groups, each containing twelve rats: Group I (positive control) was injected with Dulbecco Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM-F12), group II was injected with BMSCs in DMEM-F12, and group III was injected with BMSCs in DMEM-F12 with poly l-lysine coated SPIONs (0.5 mmol/mL). Monitoring of SPIONs in the rat's body was carried out by MRI. A circular neodymium magnet N52 (0.57 T, 2 × 5 mm) was placed on each rat in group III just below the right ear at the site of surgery to attract SPIONs labeled BMSCs, left in place for 24 h, and then removed. From each group, six rats were euthanized at the end of the 4th and 8th week of treatment, respectively. The right FN trunks were extracted for routine histological examination using H&E stain. Immunohistochemical examination by anti-S100B was performed to characterize the thickness of the myelin sheath formed by the Schwann cells. Ultra-structural examination was performed to study changes in axons, myelin sheaths, and Schwann cells. Results Regeneration of nerve fibers, Schwan cells, and myelin sheaths was better in group II than in groups I and III histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultra-structurally. Conclusion BMSCs alone could ameliorate FN regeneration better than magnetic targeting treatment using BMSCs labeled with SPIONs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mona Denewar
- Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Tatullo M, Rengo S, Sammartino G, Marenzi G. Unlocking the Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113804. [PMID: 37297998 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, life expectancy has been increasing in several countries [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tatullo
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Honorary Senior Clinical Lecturer, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HR, UK
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration and Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sandro Rengo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marenzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Postgraduate School of Oral Surgery, University "Federico II" of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
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