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Shan Q, Zhang Y, Liang Z. Clustering analysis and prognostic signature of lung adenocarcinoma based on the tumor microenvironment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12059. [PMID: 35835908 PMCID: PMC9283441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15971-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of immunotherapy failure in lung adenocarcinoma, we have tried to find new potential biomarkers for differentiating different tumor subtypes and predicting prognosis. We identified two subtypes based on tumor microenvironment-related genes in this study. We used seven methods to analyze the immune cell infiltration between subgroups. Further analysis of tumor mutation load and immune checkpoint expression among different subgroups was performed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression was applied for further selection. The selected genes were used to construct a prognostic 14-gene signature for LUAD. Next, a survival analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristics were performed to verify and evaluate the model. Gene set enrichment analyses and immune analysis in risk groups was also performed. According to the expression of genes related to the tumor microenvironment, lung adenocarcinoma can be divided into cold tumors and hot tumors. The signature we built was able to predict prognosis more accurately than previously known models. The signature-based tumor microenvironment provides further insight into the prediction of lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and may guide individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Shan
- Department of Respiration, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zongan Liang
- Department of Respiration, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Krishnamurthy K, Kochiyil J, Alghamdi S, Poppiti R. Bronchiolar adenomas (BA) - A detailed radio-pathologic analysis of six cases and review of literature. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 55:151837. [PMID: 34626934 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiolar adenomas (BAs)/ciliated muco-nodular papillary tumors (CMPTs), are small, peripheral lung nodules arising predominantly in the elderly that follow a benign course. They can be mistaken for adenocarcinomas on frozen section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for basal cell markers highlights the continuous layer of basal cells underlying the tumor cells in BAs. BAs are further subdivided into proximal-type and distal type. Six BAs were retrieved from the pathology archives. The cases were classified based on morphology into proximal and distal BAs. The clinical and radiological features were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry and special stains were performed. The most common radiological picture of BA/CMPT was of a solid nodule with SUVmax < 3 as seen in 60% cases. 40% cases showed cavitation on CT. On histological examination, four cases were morphologically classified as proximal BAs and two as distal BAs. In proximal BAs, TTF1 was focally positive only in the basal cells in three of four. The mucin stained acidic. In distal BAs, TTF1 was diffusely positive in both basal and luminal cells. There was scant intracellular neutral mucin. Both the distal BAs had concomitant neuroendocrine tumors in the same lobe. Though the number of cases evaluated in this study is too low to be statistically significant, this study provides additional evidence to the concept of BA classification based on site specific histology and supplementary immunohistochemistry and reiterates the radiological features that may help distinguish it from malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Krishnamurthy
- A.M. Rywlin, MD Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA.
| | - Jyotsna Kochiyil
- Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Sarah Alghamdi
- A.M. Rywlin, MD Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Robert Poppiti
- A.M. Rywlin, MD Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Chalela R, González-García JG, Khilzi K, Curull V, Sánchez-Font A, Longarón R, Rodrigo-Calvo MT, Martín-Ontiyuelo C, Gea J, Bellosillo B. EGFR and KRAS Mutations in Lung Parenchyma of Subjects With EGFR/KRAS Wild-Type Lung Adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:598292. [PMID: 34257550 PMCID: PMC8262165 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.598292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The acquisition of driver mutations in non-tumoral cells appears to be very important during the carcinogenesis of adenocarcinoma (ADC). Recent studies suggest that cancer-related mutations may not necessarily be present only in malignant cells, but also in histologically “healthy cells”. Objective: to demonstrate the presence of EGFR or KRAS mutations in non-tumoral lung cells in subjects with ADC and negative mutational status. Results: mutations in EGFR or KRAS oncogenes were identified in the normal lung in 9.7% of the subjects. Exon 21 substitution L858R in EGFR was detected in two cases while the exon 19 deletion E746-A750 in the EGFR, the G12C and G12D substitutions in the KRAS were detected once. One patient presented three different mutations in the normal lung parenchyma (EGFR_L858R, KRAS_G12C and KRAS_G12D). The negative-mutation status of the tumor and the mutations detected in the “normal lung” were confirmed using highly sensitive and specific TaqMan PCR (CAST-PCR). No differences were found in terms of progression, progression-free survival or overall survival during the 18 months follow-up. Conclusions: These results confirm the presence of driver mutations in the histologically normal lung parenchyma cells in the absence of mutations coexisting with the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Chalela
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Gregorio González-García
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karys Khilzi
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Curull
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Sánchez-Font
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Longarón
- Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Clara Martín-Ontiyuelo
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatríz Bellosillo
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Pathology Department - Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital del Mar PSMAR, Barcelona, Spain
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Masago K, Seto K, Fujita S, Sasaki E, Hosoda W, Kuroda H. Long-Term Recurrence of Completely Resected NSCLC. JTO Clin Res Rep 2020; 1:100076. [PMID: 34589953 PMCID: PMC8474471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2020.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical backgrounds, including driver mutations, of those patients with early stage NSCLC who experienced recurrence beyond 5 years after complete resection. Methods We used a cohort of 512 consecutive cases of surgically resected NSCLC without other malignances from 2006 to 2011 in Aichi Cancer Center Hospital. The inclusion criteria for this cohort were patients with primary NSCLC who underwent a surgically curable operation. Results A total of 172 patients (32.8%) had recurrence after the surgery. Among the recurrent cases, 17 patients (3.3%) had a relapse more than 5 years after the surgery, and all except one (16 of 17, 94.1%) had driver mutations, including gene rearrangements. Conclusions Even in early stage NSCLC after complete resection, it was found that some cases had a relapse more than 5 years after the surgery. Most of these cases had some kind of driver mutations; so more than 5 years of postoperative surveillance may be beneficial, especially in those with driver gene mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Masago
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Seto
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Fujita
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sasaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kuroda
- Department of Respiratory Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Huang Z, Wang SL, Chen H, Shen RK, Li XD, Huang QS, Wu CY, Weng DF, Lin JH. Clinicopathological and prognostic values of ErbB receptor family amplification in primary osteosarcoma. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 79:601-612. [PMID: 31663373 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1683764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor with extremely high invasion, metastasis and mortality. The prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma remains poor. The ErbB receptor family was found to be overexpressed in human cancers and associated with poor prognosis. However, the role of ErbB receptor family in osteosarcoma has not been fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic significances of ErbB receptors in primary osteosarcoma. Western blot (WB), reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to detect the protein and gene expression of ErbB receptors in 60 primary osteosarcoma specimens and 30 non-neoplastic bone tissues. WB and RT-qPCR analyses showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of EGFR, ErbB3 and ErbB4 in osteosarcoma specimens were significantly higher than those in non-neoplastic bone tissues. Seventeen (28.33%), 15 (25.00%) and 15 (25.00%) osteosarcoma specimens presented with amplification of EGFR, ErbB3 and ErbB4 gene, respectively, which were significantly higher compared with non-neoplastic bone tissues. The amplification of ErbB3 and ErbB4 in osteosarcoma was associated with advanced surgical stage. The amplification of EGFR, ErbB3, ErbB4 and the co-amplification of EGFR-ErbB3, EGFR-ErbB4, ErbB3-ErbB4 was linked with poor response to chemotherapy and distant metastasis. The amplification of EGFR, ErbB3 and ErbB4, as well as their co-amplification demonstrated independent prognostic values for reduced survival time of osteosarcoma patients and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Kai Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Shan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Yang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Feng Weng
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.,Fujian Provincial Institute of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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