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Janssen FW, Lak NSM, Janda CY, Kester LA, Meister MT, Merks JHM, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, van Noesel MM, Zsiros J, Tytgat GAM, Looijenga LHJ. A comprehensive overview of liquid biopsy applications in pediatric solid tumors. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:172. [PMID: 39097671 PMCID: PMC11297996 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies are emerging as an alternative source for pediatric cancer biomarkers with potential applications during all stages of patient care, from diagnosis to long-term follow-up. While developments within this field are reported, these mainly focus on dedicated items such as a specific liquid biopsy matrix, analyte, and/or single tumor type. To the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive overview is lacking. Here, we review the current state of liquid biopsy research for the most common non-central nervous system pediatric solid tumors. These include neuroblastoma, renal tumors, germ cell tumors, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft tissue sarcomas, and liver tumors. Within this selection, we discuss the most important or recent studies involving liquid biopsy-based biomarkers, anticipated clinical applications, and the current challenges for success. Furthermore, we provide an overview of liquid biopsy-based biomarker publication output for each tumor type based on a comprehensive literature search between 1989 and 2023. Per study identified, we list the relevant liquid biopsy-based biomarkers, matrices (e.g., peripheral blood, bone marrow, or cerebrospinal fluid), analytes (e.g., circulating cell-free and tumor DNA, microRNAs, and circulating tumor cells), methods (e.g., digital droplet PCR and next-generation sequencing), the involved pediatric patient cohort, and proposed applications. As such, we identified 344 unique publications. Taken together, while the liquid biopsy field in pediatric oncology is still behind adult oncology, potentially relevant publications have increased over the last decade. Importantly, steps towards clinical implementation are rapidly gaining ground, notably through validation of liquid biopsy-based biomarkers in pediatric clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael T Meister
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Merks
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital-Division of CHILDHEALTH, University Medical Center Utrech, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Max M van Noesel
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Godelieve A M Tytgat
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Leendert H J Looijenga
- Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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2
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Fotopoulos I, Nguyen OTD, Nøst TH, Markaki M, Lagani V, Mjelle R, Sandanger TM, Sætrom P, Tsamardinos I, Røe OD. Promising microRNAs in pre-diagnostic serum associated with lung cancer up to eight years before diagnosis: a HUNT study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:355. [PMID: 39031255 PMCID: PMC11271336 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer (LC) are in demand. There are few studies of the full microRNome in serum of asymptomatic subjects that later develop LC. Here we searched for novel microRNA biomarkers in blood from non-cancer, ever-smokers populations up to eight years before diagnosis. METHODS Serum samples from 98,737 subjects from two prospective population studies, HUNT2 and HUNT3, were considered initially. Inclusion criteria for cases were: ever-smokers; no known cancer at study entrance; 0-8 years from blood sampling to LC diagnosis. Each future LC case had one control matched to sex, age at study entrance, pack-years, smoking cessation time, and similar HUNT Lung Cancer Model risk score. A total of 240 and 72 serum samples were included in the discovery (HUNT2) and validation (HUNT3) datasets, respectively, and analysed by next-generation sequencing. The validated serum microRNAs were also tested in two pre-diagnostic plasma datasets from the prospective population studies NOWAC (n = 266) and NSHDS (n = 258). A new model adding clinical variables was also developed and validated. RESULTS Fifteen unique microRNAs were discovered and validated in the pre-diagnostic serum datasets when all cases were contrasted against all controls, all with AUC > 0.60. In combination as a 15-microRNAs signature, the AUC reached 0.708 (discovery) and 0.703 (validation). A non-small cell lung cancer signature of six microRNAs showed AUC 0.777 (discovery) and 0.806 (validation). Combined with clinical variables of the HUNT Lung Cancer Model (age, gender, pack-years, daily cough parts of the year, hours of indoor smoke exposure, quit time in years, number of cigarettes daily, body mass index (BMI)) the AUC reached 0.790 (discovery) and 0.833 (validation). These results could not be validated in the plasma samples. CONCLUSION There were a few significantly differential expressed microRNAs in serum up to eight years before diagnosis. These promising microRNAs alone, in concert, or combined with clinical variables have the potential to serve as early diagnostic LC biomarkers. Plasma is not suitable for this analysis. Further validation in larger prospective serum datasets is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Fotopoulos
- Department of Computer Science, University of Crete, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Olav Toai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Prinsesse Kristinas Gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
- Cancer Clinic, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trust, Kirkegata 2, 7600, Levanger, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria Markaki
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, FORTH, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vincenzo Lagani
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Ilia State University, 3/5, Kakuca Cholokashvili Ave, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- SDAIA-KAUST Center of Excellence in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, 23952, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robin Mjelle
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Prinsesse Kristinas Gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torkjel Manning Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Prinsesse Kristinas Gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ioannis Tsamardinos
- Department of Computer Science, University of Crete, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, FORTH, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- JADBio Gnosis DA S.A., STEP-C, N. Plastira 100, 700-13, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Oluf Dimitri Røe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Prinsesse Kristinas Gate 1, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.
- Cancer Clinic, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trust, Kirkegata 2, 7600, Levanger, Norway.
- Department of Oncology and Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Marchegiani F, Recchioni R, Di Rosa M, Piacenza F, Marcheselli F, Bonfigli AR, Galeazzi R, Matacchione G, Cardelli M, Procopio AD, Corsonello A, Cherubini A, Antonicelli R, Lombardi G, Lattanzio F, Olivieri F. Low circulating levels of miR-17 and miR-126-3p are associated with increased mortality risk in geriatric hospitalized patients affected by cardiovascular multimorbidity. GeroScience 2024; 46:2531-2544. [PMID: 38008859 PMCID: PMC10828307 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MultiMorbidity (MM), defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, is associated with poorer health outcomes, such as recurrent hospital readmission and mortality. As a group of conditions, cardiovascular disease (CVD) exemplifies several challenges of MM, and the identification of prognostic minimally invasive biomarkers to stratify mortality risk in patients affected by cardiovascular MM is a huge challenge. Circulating miRNAs associated to inflammaging and endothelial dysfunction, such as miR-17, miR-21-5p, and miR-126-3p, are expected to have prognostic relevance. We analyzed a composite profile of circulating biomarkers, including miR-17, miR-21-5p, and miR-126-3p, and routine laboratory biomarkers in a sample of 246 hospitalized geriatric patients selected for cardiovascular MM from the Report-AGE INRCA database and BioGER INRCA biobank, to evaluate the association with all-cause mortality during 31 days and 12 and 24 months follow-up. Circulating levels of miR-17, miR-126-3p, and some blood parameters, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eGFR, were significantly associated with mortality in these patients. Overall, our results suggest that in a cohort of geriatric hospitalized patients affected by cardiovascular MM, lower circulating miR-17 and miR-126-3p levels could contribute to identify patients at higher risk of short- and medium-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rina Recchioni
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Rosa
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS INRCA, 60124, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Unit of Geriatric Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 87100, Cosenza, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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Lambrechts Y, Garg AD, Floris G, Punie K, Neven P, Nevelsteen I, Govaerts J, Richard F, Laenen A, Desmedt C, Wildiers H, Hatse S. Circulating biomarkers at diagnosis correlate with distant metastases of early luminal-like breast cancer. Genes Immun 2023; 24:270-279. [PMID: 37759086 PMCID: PMC10575765 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new and better biomarker modalities to estimate the risk of recurrence within the luminal-like breast cancer (BC) population. Molecular diagnostic tests used in the clinic lack accuracy in identifying patients with early luminal BC who are likely to develop metastases. This study provides proof of concept that various liquid biopsy read-outs could serve as valuable candidates to build a multi-modal biomarker model distinguishing, already at diagnosis, between early metastasizing and non-metastasizing patients. All these blood biomarkers (chemokines, microRNAs, leukemia inhibitory factor, osteopontin, and serum-induced functional myeloid signaling responses) can be measured in baseline plasma/serum samples and could be added to the existing prognostic factors to improve risk stratification and more patient-tailored treatment in early luminal BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yentl Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Translational Research, Department of Imaging and Radiology, KU Leuven - Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin Punie
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ines Nevelsteen
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Richard
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research (LTBCR), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research (LTBCR), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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5
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Chinnappan R, Ramadan Q, Zourob M. Isolation and Detection of Exosomal Mir210 Using Carbon Nanomaterial-Coated Magnetic Beads. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:441. [PMID: 37754855 PMCID: PMC10531929 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are found in various cellular compartments and play an important role in regulating gene expression. Extracellular miRNAs, such as those found within extracellular vesicles such as exosomes are involved in cell-to-cell communication. The intercellular transfer of miRNAs has been implicated in various diseases' pathogenesis including cancer and has been studied extensively as potential cancer biomarkers. However, the extraction of miRNA from exosomes is still a challenging task. The current nucleic acid extraction assays are expensive and labor-intensive. In this study, we demonstrated a microfluidic device for aptamer-based magnetic separation of the exosomes and subsequent detection of the miRNA using a fluorescence switching assay, which was enabled by carbon nanomaterials coated on magnetic beads. In the OFF state, the fluorophore-labelled cDNA is quenched using carbon nanomaterials. However, when the target miRNA210 is introduced, the cDNA detaches from the bead's surface, which leads to an increase in the fluorescence intensity (ON state). This increment was found to be proportional to miRNA concentration within the dynamic range of 0-100 nM with a detection limit of 5 pM. The assay was validated with spiked miRNA using the standard RT-PCR method. No notable cross-reactivity with other closely related miRNAs was observed. The developed method can be utilized for the minimally invasive detection of cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qasem Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Rd, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Rd, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
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6
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Agnoletto C, Pignochino Y, Caruso C, Garofalo C. Exosome-Based Liquid Biopsy Approaches in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Review of the Literature, Prospectives, and Hopes for Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065159. [PMID: 36982236 PMCID: PMC10048895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of exosome impact on sarcoma development and progression has been implemented in preclinical studies thanks to technological advances in exosome isolation. Moreover, the clinical relevance of liquid biopsy is well established in early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, tumor burden assessment, therapeutic responsiveness, and recurrence monitoring of tumors. In this review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize the existing literature pointing out the clinical relevance of detecting exosomes in liquid biopsy from sarcoma patients. Presently, the clinical utility of liquid biopsy based on exosomes in patients affected by sarcoma is under debate. The present manuscript collects evidence on the clinical impact of exosome detection in circulation of sarcoma patients. The majority of these data are not conclusive and the relevance of liquid biopsy-based approaches in some types of sarcoma is still insufficient. Nevertheless, the utility of circulating exosomes in precision medicine clearly emerged and further validation in larger and homogeneous cohorts of sarcoma patients is clearly needed, requiring collaborative projects between clinicians and translational researchers for these rare cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ymera Pignochino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Instute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Caruso
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garofalo
- Advanced Translational Research Laboratory, Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35127 Padua, Italy
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7
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Ghamlouche F, Yehya A, Zeid Y, Fakhereddine H, Fawaz J, Liu YN, Al-Sayegh M, Abou-Kheir W. MicroRNAs as clinical tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer. Transl Oncol 2023; 28:101613. [PMID: 36608541 PMCID: PMC9827391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men worldwide. Despite the presence of accumulated clinical strategies for PCa management, limited prognostic/sensitive biomarkers are available to follow up on disease occurrence and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression through post-transcriptional regulation of their complementary target messenger RNA (mRNA). MiRNAs modulate fundamental biological processes and play crucial roles in the pathology of various diseases, including PCa. Multiple evidence proved an aberrant miRNA expression profile in PCa, which is actively involved in the carcinogenic process. The robust and pleiotropic impact of miRNAs on PCa suggests them as potential candidates to help more understand the molecular landscape of the disease, which is likely to provide tools for early diagnosis and prognosis as well as additional therapeutic strategies to manage prostate tumors. Here, we emphasize the most consistently reported dysregulated miRNAs and highlight the contribution of their altered downstream targets with PCa hallmarks. Also, we report the potential effectiveness of using miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in PCa and the high-throughput profiling technologies that are being used in their detection. Another key aspect to be discussed in this review is the promising implication of miRNAs molecules as therapeutic tools and targets for fighting PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ghamlouche
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Amani Yehya
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Yousef Zeid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Hiam Fakhereddine
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Jhonny Fawaz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Yen-Nien Liu
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 2460, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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8
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Maroni P, Gomarasca M, Lombardi G. Long non-coding RNAs in bone metastasis: progresses and perspectives as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1156494. [PMID: 37143733 PMCID: PMC10153099 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1156494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In a precision medicine perspective, among the biomarkers potentially useful for early diagnosis of cancers, as well as to define their prognosis and eventually to identify novel and more effective therapeutic targets, there are the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The term lncRNA identifies a class of non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression that intervene at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic level. Metastasis is a natural evolution of some malignant tumours, frequently encountered in patients with advanced cancers. Onset and development of metastasis represents a detrimental event that worsen the patient's prognosis by profoundly influencing the quality of life and is responsible for the ominous progression of the disease. Due to the peculiar environment and the biomechanical properties, bone is a preferential site for the secondary growth of breast, prostate and lung cancers. Unfortunately, only palliative and pain therapies are currently available for patients with bone metastases, while no effective and definitive treatments are available. The understanding of pathophysiological basis of bone metastasis formation and progression, as well as the improvement in the clinical management of the patient, are central but challenging topics in basic research and clinical practice. The identification of new molecular species that may have a role as early hallmarks of the metastatic process could open the door to the definition of new, and more effective, therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Non-coding RNAs species and, particularly, lncRNAs are promising compounds in this setting, and their study may bring to the identification of relevant processes. In this review, we highlight the role of lncRNAs as emerging molecules in mediating the formation and development of bone metastases, as possible biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets to counteract cancer spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marta Gomarasca,
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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9
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Paramanantham A, Asfiya R, Das S, McCully G, Srivastava A. Extracellular Vesicle (EVs) Associated Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13637. [PMID: 36362424 PMCID: PMC9655370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, with a very high mortality rate. The precise pathophysiology of lung cancer is not well understood, and pertinent information regarding the initiation and progression of lung cancer is currently a crucial area of scientific investigation. Enhanced knowledge about the disease will lead to the development of potent therapeutic interventions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound heterogeneous populations of cellular entities that are abundantly produced by all cells in the human body, including the tumor cells. A defined class of EVs called small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs or exosomes) carries key biomolecules such as RNA, DNA, Proteins and Lipids. Exosomes, therefore, mediate physiological activities and intracellular communication between various cells, including constituent cells of the tumor microenvironment, namely stromal cells, immunological cells, and tumor cells. In recent years, a surge in studying tumor-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been observed. Subsequently, studies have also reported that exosomes abundantly carry different species of ncRNAs and these exosomal ncRNAs are functionally involved in cancer initiation and progression. Here, we discuss the function of exosomal ncRNAs, such as miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in the pathophysiology of lung tumors. Further, the future application of exosomal-ncRNAs in clinics as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer is also discussed due to the multifaceted influence of exosomes on cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjugam Paramanantham
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Rahmat Asfiya
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Siddharth Das
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Grace McCully
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Akhil Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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10
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Li J, Guan Y, Zhu R, Wang Y, Zhu H, Wang X. Identification of metabolic genes for the prediction of prognosis and tumor microenvironment infiltration in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:881-892. [PMID: 36045718 PMCID: PMC9372707 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are at substantial risk of poor prognosis. We attempted to develop a reliable metabolic gene-set-based signature that can predict prognosis accurately for early-stage patients. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method Cox regression models were performed to filter the most useful prognostic genes, and a metabolic gene-set-based signature was constructed. Forty-two metabolism-related genes were finally identified, and with specific risk score formula, patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups. Overall survival was significantly different between the two groups in discovery (HR: 5.050, 95% CI: 3.368-7.574, P < 0.001), internal validation series (HR: 6.044, 95% CI: 3.918-9.322, P < 0.001), GSE30219 (HR: 2.059, 95% CI: 1.510-2.808, P < 0.001), and GSE68456 (HR: 2.448, 95% CI: 1.723-3.477, P < 0.001). Survival receiver operating characteristic curve at the 5 years suggested that the metabolic signature (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.805) had better prognostic accuracy than any other clinicopathological factors. Further analysis revealed the distinct differences in immune cell infiltration and tumor purity reflected by an immune and stromal score between high- and low-risk patients. In conclusion, the novel metabolic signature developed in our study shows robust prognostic accuracy in predicting prognosis for early-stage NSCLC patients and may function as a reliable marker for guiding more effective immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 525, Hongfeng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 525, Hongfeng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 525, Hongfeng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Huaguang Zhu
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 525, Hongfeng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 525, Hongfeng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 200040, China
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11
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Makowska M, Smolarz B, Romanowicz H. microRNAs in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (Review of Literature). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154630. [PMID: 35956244 PMCID: PMC9369929 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) in extracellular bioliquids are strongly associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its complications. The article presents issues related to the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (epidemiology, symptoms, differential diagnosis, examination, and treatment of the patient) and a review of current research on the correlation between miRNAs and the complications of SAH. The potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers in the treatment of SAH is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Makowska
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beata Smolarz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-271-12-90
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
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12
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Liu H, Zong C, Sun J, Li H, Qin G, Wang X, Zhu J, Yang Y, Xue Q, Liu X. Bioinformatics analysis of lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1182-1198. [PMID: 35958002 PMCID: PMC9360822 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a disease with high mortality in children and adolescents, and metastasis is one of its important clinical features. However, the molecular mechanism of OS occurrence is not completely clear. Thus, we screened potential biomarkers of OS and analyze their prognostic value. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets were used to analyze the differential lncRNAs in patients with OS of different immune score and the lncRNAs expressed by immune cells. Cox regression was used to develop the prognosis prediction model and specify the prognosis outcomes. Risk-proportional regression model was constructed, and the samples were divided into high and low groups based on the risk scores for the survival analysis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated and the risk-score model was verified. Finally, using 4 gene sets (comprising chemokines, immune checkpoint blockades, immune activity-related genes, and immune cells), and 4 analysis tools (CIBERSORT, TIMER, XCELL and MCP) to evaluated tumor immune infiltration. RESULTS Twenty-nine long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) were obtained from the intersection of the screened lncRNAs. Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8-antisense RNA 1 (CARD8-AS1), lncRNA five prime to Xist (FTX), KAT8 regulatory NSL complex unit 1-antisense RNA 1 (KANSL1-AS1), Neuroplastin Intronic Transcript 1 (NPTN-IT1), oligodendrocyte maturation-associated long intervening non-coding RNA (OLMALINC) and RPARP Antisense RNA 1 (RPARP-AS1) were found to be correlated with survival. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed risk score [HR (hazard ratio) 3.5, P value 0.0043; HR 3.7, P value 0.0033] and metastasis (HR 4.7, P value 6.60E-05; HR 4.8, P value 8.36E-05) were the key factors of patients with OS. The areas under curves (AUCs) of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year ROC curves of the prognostic model were 0.715, 0.729, and 0.771. The low-risk patients tended to have a high abundance of immune cells. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that a risk score based on 6 lncRNAs has potential value in the prognosis of OS, and patients with low-risk scores have high immune cell infiltration and good prognosis. This study may enrich understandings of underlying mechanisms related to the occurrence and development of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China
| | - Chenyu Zong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Oncology, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Guangzhen Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Trauma Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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13
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Elrebehy MA, Al-Saeed S, Gamal S, El-Sayed A, Ahmed AA, Waheed O, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Sallam AAM, Doghish AS. miRNAs as cornerstones in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and resistance to therapy: A spotlight on signaling pathways interplay - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:583-600. [PMID: 35768045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world's third most prevalent cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality. A lot of work has been put into improving CRC patients' clinical care, including the development of more effective methods and wide biomarkers variety for prognostic, and diagnostic purposes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate a variety of cellular processes and play a significant role in the CRC progression and spread via controlling their target gene expression by translation inhibition or mRNA degradation. Consequently, dysregulation and disruption in their function, miRNAs are linked to CRC malignant pathogenesis by controlling several cellular processes involved in the CRC. These cellular processes include increased proliferative and invasive capacity, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, enhanced EMT, promotion of angiogenesis and metastasis, and decreased sensitivity to major treatments. The miRNAs control cellular processes in CRC via regulation of pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis, KRAS, TGFb signaling, VEGFR, EGFR, and P53. Hence, the goal of this review was to review miRNA biogenesis and present an updated summary of oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs and their potential implication in CRC pathogenesis and responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We also summarise the biological importance and clinical applications of miRNAs in the CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sarah Al-Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sara Gamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Asmaa El-Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa A Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Omnia Waheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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14
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Cheng J, Wang X, Yuan X, Liu G, Chu Q. Emerging roles of exosome-derived biomarkers in cancer theranostics: messages from novel protein targets. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2226-2248. [PMID: 35693088 PMCID: PMC9185602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective biomarkers that guide therapeutics with limited adverse effects, have emerged as attractive research topics in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cancer-derived exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles representing molecular signatures of cells of origin, could serve as stable reservoirs for potential biomarkers (i.e., proteins, nucleic acids) in non-invasive cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, the physiological and pathological roles of exosomes and their protein components in facilitating tumorigenesis are highlighted. Exosomes carrying proteins can participate in tumor development and progression through multiple signaling pathways, including EMT, invasion and metastasis. Meanwhile, the practical applications of exosomal proteins in detecting and monitoring several solid-tumor cancers (including lung, breast, pancreatic, colorectal and prostate cancers) were also summarized. More clinically relevant, exosomal proteins play pivotal roles in transmitting oncogenic potential or resistance to therapies in recipient cells, which might further support therapeutic strategy determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongjia Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Nanjing, Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing 211171, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Nanjing, Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing 211171, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuechun Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Nanjing, Nanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing 211171, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Doghish AS, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elkady MA, Elrebehy MA, Sallam AAM. A review of the biological role of miRNAs in prostate cancer suppression and progression. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 197:141-156. [PMID: 34968539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the current treatment strategies are progressing rapidly, PC is still representing a substantial medical problem for affected patients. Several factors are involved in PC initiation, progression, and treatments failure including microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are endogenous short non-coding RNA sequence negatively regulating target mRNA expression via degradation or translation repression. miRNAs play a pivotal role in PC pathogenesis through its ability to initiate the induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and proliferation, as well as sustained cell cycle, evading apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs regulate major molecular pathways affecting PC such as the androgen receptor (AR) pathway, p53 pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, miRNAs alter PC therapeutic response towards the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). Thus, the understanding and profiling of the altered miRNAs expression in PC could be utilized as a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis as well as for patient sub-grouping with different prognoses for individualized treatment. Accordingly, in the current review, we summarized in updated form the roles of various oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs in PC, revealing their underlying molecular mechanisms in PC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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16
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Dong Z, Liao Z, He Y, Wu C, Meng Z, Qin B, Xu G, Li Z, Sun T, Wen Y, Li G. Advances in the Biological Functions and Mechanisms of miRNAs in the Development of Osteosarcoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221117386. [PMID: 35950243 PMCID: PMC9379803 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221117386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors, mainly
occurring in children and adolescents, and is characterized by high morbidity
and poor prognosis. MicroRNAs, a class of noncoding RNAs consisting of 19 to 25
nucleotides, are involved in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and
apoptosis to regulate the development and progression of osteosarcoma. Studies
have found that microRNAs are closely related to the diagnosis, treatment, and
prognosis of osteosarcoma patients and have an important role in improving drug
resistance in osteosarcoma. This paper reviews the role of microRNAs in the
pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and their clinical value, aiming to provide a new
research direction for diagnosing and treating osteosarcoma and achieving a
better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhipeng Liao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yonglin He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chengye Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zixiang Meng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baolong Qin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ge Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tianxin Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuyan Wen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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17
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Mugoni V, Ciani Y, Nardella C, Demichelis F. Circulating RNAs in prostate cancer patients. Cancer Lett 2022; 524:57-69. [PMID: 34656688 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growing bodies of evidence have demonstrated that the identification of prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers in the patients' blood and urine may remarkably improve PCa diagnosis and progression monitoring. Among diverse cancer-derived circulating materials, extracellular RNA molecules (exRNAs) represent a compelling component to investigate cancer-related alterations. Once outside the intracellular environment, exRNAs circulate in biofluids either in association with protein complexes or encapsulated inside extracellular vesicles (EVs). Notably, EV-associated RNAs (EV-RNAs) were used for the development of several assays (such as the FDA-approved Progensa Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3 test) aiming at improving early PCa detection. EV-RNAs encompass a mixture of species, including small non-coding RNAs (e.g. miRNA and circRNA), lncRNAs and mRNAs. Several methods have been proposed to isolate EVs and relevant RNAs, and to perform RNA-Seq studies to identify potential cancer biomarkers. However, EVs in the circulation of a cancer patient include a multitude of diverse populations that are released by both cancer and normal cells from different tissues, thereby leading to a heterogeneous EV-RNA-associated transcriptional signal. Decrypting the complexity of such a composite signal is nowadays the major challenge faced in the identification of specific tumor-associated RNAs. Multiple deconvolution algorithms have been proposed so far to infer the enrichment of cancer-specific signals from gene expression data. However, novel strategies for EVs sorting and sequencing of RNA associated to single EVs populations will remarkably facilitate the identification of cancer-related molecules. Altogether, the studies summarized here demonstrate the high potential of using EV-RNA biomarkers in PCa and highlight the urgent need of improving technologies and computational approaches to characterize specific EVs populations and their relevant RNA cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Mugoni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Caterina Nardella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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18
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Bravo Vázquez LA, Moreno Becerril MY, Mora Hernández EO, de León Carmona GG, Aguirre Padilla ME, Chakraborty S, Bandyopadhyay A, Paul S. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Bone Diseases and Their Therapeutic Potential. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010211. [PMID: 35011442 PMCID: PMC8746945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (20-24 nucleotides), highly conserved, non-coding RNA molecules whose main function is the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through sequence-specific manners, such as mRNA degradation or translational repression. Since these key regulatory molecules are implicated in several biological processes, their altered expression affects the preservation of cellular homeostasis and leads to the development of a wide range of pathologies. Over the last few years, relevant investigations have elucidated that miRNAs participate in different stages of bone growth and development. Moreover, the abnormal expression of these RNA molecules in bone cells and tissues has been significantly associated with the progression of numerous bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, osteonecrosis and bone metastasis, among others. In fact, miRNAs regulate multiple pathological mechanisms, including altering either osteogenic or osteoblast differentiation, metastasis, osteosarcoma cell proliferation, and bone loss. Therefore, in this present review, aiming to impulse the research arena of the biological implications of miRNA transcriptome in bone diseases and to explore their potentiality as a theragnostic target, we summarize the recent findings associated with the clinical significance of miRNAs in these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo Vázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Mariana Yunuen Moreno Becerril
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Erick Octavio Mora Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Mexico City, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14380, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela García de León Carmona
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - María Emilia Aguirre Padilla
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila 4031, Philippines;
- Reliance Industries Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Rauner M, Foessl I, Formosa MM, Kague E, Prijatelj V, Lopez NA, Banerjee B, Bergen D, Busse B, Calado Â, Douni E, Gabet Y, Giralt NG, Grinberg D, Lovsin NM, Solan XN, Ostanek B, Pavlos NJ, Rivadeneira F, Soldatovic I, van de Peppel J, van der Eerden B, van Hul W, Balcells S, Marc J, Reppe S, Søe K, Karasik D. Perspective of the GEMSTONE Consortium on Current and Future Approaches to Functional Validation for Skeletal Genetic Disease Using Cellular, Molecular and Animal-Modeling Techniques. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:731217. [PMID: 34938269 PMCID: PMC8686830 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.731217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of large human datasets for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and the advancement of sequencing technologies have boosted the identification of genetic variants in complex and rare diseases in the skeletal field. Yet, interpreting results from human association studies remains a challenge. To bridge the gap between genetic association and causality, a systematic functional investigation is necessary. Multiple unknowns exist for putative causal genes, including cellular localization of the molecular function. Intermediate traits ("endophenotypes"), e.g. molecular quantitative trait loci (molQTLs), are needed to identify mechanisms of underlying associations. Furthermore, index variants often reside in non-coding regions of the genome, therefore challenging for interpretation. Knowledge of non-coding variance (e.g. ncRNAs), repetitive sequences, and regulatory interactions between enhancers and their target genes is central for understanding causal genes in skeletal conditions. Animal models with deep skeletal phenotyping and cell culture models have already facilitated fine mapping of some association signals, elucidated gene mechanisms, and revealed disease-relevant biology. However, to accelerate research towards bridging the current gap between association and causality in skeletal diseases, alternative in vivo platforms need to be used and developed in parallel with the current -omics and traditional in vivo resources. Therefore, we argue that as a field we need to establish resource-sharing standards to collectively address complex research questions. These standards will promote data integration from various -omics technologies and functional dissection of human complex traits. In this mission statement, we review the current available resources and as a group propose a consensus to facilitate resource sharing using existing and future resources. Such coordination efforts will maximize the acquisition of knowledge from different approaches and thus reduce redundancy and duplication of resources. These measures will help to understand the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and other skeletal diseases towards defining new and more efficient therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ines Foessl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrine Lab Platform, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melissa M. Formosa
- Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Erika Kague
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Vid Prijatelj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nerea Alonso Lopez
- Rheumatology and Bone Disease Unit, CGEM, Institute of Genetics and Cancer (IGC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bodhisattwa Banerjee
- Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Dylan Bergen
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ângelo Calado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eleni Douni
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy & Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natalia García Giralt
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERER, IBUB, IRSJD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nika M. Lovsin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xavier Nogues Solan
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Ostanek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nathan J. Pavlos
- Bone Biology & Disease Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - Ivan Soldatovic
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jeroen van de Peppel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bram van der Eerden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wim van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Susanna Balcells
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERER, IBUB, IRSJD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janja Marc
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sjur Reppe
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kent Søe
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Marcus Research Institute, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
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20
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Gao S, Guo W, Liu T, Liang N, Ma Q, Gao Y, Tan F, Xue Q, He J. Plasma extracellular vesicle microRNA profiling and the identification of a diagnostic signature for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:648-659. [PMID: 34837453 PMCID: PMC8819331 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no effective noninvasive method for the accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study examined the profile of plasma extracellular vesicle (EV)-delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with invasive stage I LUAD. In this study, a total of 460 participants were enrolled, including 254 patients with LUAD, 76 patients with benign pulmonary nodules (BPNs), and 130 healthy control patients (HCs). miRNA sequencing was used to analyze the EV miRNA profile of the patient plasma samples (n = 150). A diagnostic signature (d-signature) was identified by applying a stepwise logistic regression algorithm, and a single-center training cohort (n = 150) was tested, followed by a multicenter validation cohort (n = 100). A d-signature comprising four EV-derived miRNAs (hsa-miR-106b-3p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-3615, and hsa-miR-450b-5p) was developed for the early detection of LUAD. The d-signature had high precision with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.917 and 0.902 in the training and test cohorts, respectively. Moreover, the d-signature could recognize patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) with AUC values of 0.846 and 0.92, respectively. To sum up, our study detailed the plasma EV-derived miRNA profile in early LUAD patients and developed an EV-derived miRNA d-signature to detect early LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naixin Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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21
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Otmani K, Lewalle P. Tumor Suppressor miRNA in Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanism of Deregulation and Clinical Implications. Front Oncol 2021; 11:708765. [PMID: 34722255 PMCID: PMC8554338 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.708765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that have been identified as important posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. miRNAs production is controlled at multiple levels, including transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation. Extensive profiling studies have shown that the regulation of mature miRNAs expression plays a causal role in cancer development and progression. miRNAs have been identified to act as tumor suppressors (TS) or as oncogenes based on their modulating effect on the expression of their target genes. Upregulation of oncogenic miRNAs blocks TS genes and leads to tumor formation. In contrast, downregulation of miRNAs with TS function increases the translation of oncogenes. Several miRNAs exhibiting TS properties have been studied. In this review we focus on recent studies on the role of TS miRNAs in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we discuss how TS miRNA impacts the aggressiveness of cancer cells, with focus of the mechanism that regulate its expression. The study of the mechanisms of miRNA regulation in cancer cells and the TME may paved the way to understand its critical role in the development and progression of cancer and is likely to have important clinical implications in a near future. Finally, the potential roles of miRNAs as specific biomarkers for the diagnosis and the prognosis of cancer and the replacement of tumor suppressive miRNAs using miRNA mimics could be promising approaches for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Otmani
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Jules Bordet Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Kumari P, Syed SA, Wahid M, Qureshi MA, Kumar R. Expression of miR-31 in saliva-liquid biopsy in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:733-739. [PMID: 34690655 PMCID: PMC8498719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a commonly reported cancer in men and is second only to breast cancer in women in Pakistan.. Investigations for identifying biomarkers of OSCC are essential for diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic significance. This study aims to examine the miR-31 expression in the pre- and post-operative OSCC patients and correlate this expression with clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS Patients with histopathologically confirmed OSCC who had undergone surgical resections of tumours were recruited. A total of 40 saliva samples (pre- and post-operative) were collected from 19 patients and two healthy individuals. Levels of salivary miR-31 expressions were examined through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The salivary miR-31 expression was significantly higher in the preoperative patients than in postoperative patients (p < 0.001). However, no significant correlation had been found between the salivary miR-31 expression and clinicopathological characteristics (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that miR-31 can be used as an adjunct non-invasive marker to monitor surgery outcomes during postoperative follow-up in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parma Kumari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sofia A. Syed
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Wahid
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Qureshi
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Head of Dow Cancer Registry, Additional Director Dow Labs, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of ENT, Dr. Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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23
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Shiina M, Hashimoto Y, Kulkarni P, Dasgupta P, Shahryari V, Yamamura S, Tanaka Y, Dahiya R. Role of miR-182/PDCD4 axis in aggressive behavior of prostate cancer in the African Americans. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1028. [PMID: 34525952 PMCID: PMC8444584 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men. African Americans (AA) are at an increased risk of developing prostate cancer compared to European Americans (EA). miRNAs play a critical role in these tumors, leading to tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-182 in racial disparity in prostate cancer. Results We found significantly increased levels of miR-182 in prostate cancer tissues compared to BPH. Also, miR-182 shows increased expression in AA prostate cancer cell line and tissue samples compared to EA. We performed biochemical recurrence (BCR) - free survival time in AA and EA patients and found that high miR-182 expression had significantly shorter BCR-free survival than patients with low miR-182 expression (P = 0.031). To elucidate the role of miR-182, we knocked down miR-182 in EA (DU-145 and LNCaP) and AA (MDA-PCa-2b) cell lines and found an increase in apoptosis, arrest of the cell cycle, and inhibition of colony formation in the AA cell line to a greater extent than EA cell lines. Conclusions Our results showed that PDCD4 is a direct miR-182 target and its inhibition is associated with aggressiveness and high Gleason grade in prostate cancer among AA. These findings show that miR-182 is highly expressed in AA patients and miR-182 may be a target for effective therapy in AA patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08723-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Shiina
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
| | - Yutaka Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Priyanka Kulkarni
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Pritha Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Varahram Shahryari
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Soichiro Yamamura
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco School of Medicine (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
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DNMT1 and miRNAs: possible epigenetics footprints in electromagnetic fields utilization in oncology. Med Oncol 2021; 38:125. [PMID: 34495398 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many studies were performed to unravel the effects of different types of Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on biological systems. Some studies were conducted to exploit EMFs for medical purposes mainly in cancer therapy. Although many studies suggest that the EMFs exposures can be effective in pre-clinical cancer issues, the treatment outcomes of these exposures on the cancer cells, especially at the molecular level, are challenging and overwhelmingly complicated yet. This article aims to review the epigenetic mechanisms that can be altered by EMFs exposures with the main emphasis on Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF). The epigenetic mechanisms are reversible and affected by environmental factors, thus, EMFs exposures can modulate these mechanisms. According to the reports, ELF-EMF exposures affect epigenetic machinery directly or through the molecular signaling pathways. ELF-EMF in association with DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNAs, and nucleosome remodeling could affect the homeostasis of cancer cells and play a role in DNA damage repairing, apoptosis induction, prevention of metastasis, differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. In general, the result of this study shows that ELF-EMF exposure probably can be effective in cancer epigenetic therapy, but more molecular and clinical investigations are needed to clarify the safe and specific dosimetric characteristics of ELF-EMF in practice.
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25
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Petrelli A, Bellomo SE, Sarotto I, Kubatzki F, Sgandurra P, Maggiorotto F, Di Virgilio MR, Ponzone R, Geuna E, Galizia D, Nuzzo AM, Medico E, Miglio U, Berrino E, Venesio T, Ribisi S, Provero P, Sapino A, Giordano S, Montemurro F. MiR-100 is a predictor of endocrine responsiveness and prognosis in patients with operable luminal breast cancer. ESMO Open 2021; 5:e000937. [PMID: 33122354 PMCID: PMC7597498 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Overexpression of miR-100 in stem cells derived from basal-like breast cancers causes loss of stemness, induction of luminal breast cancer markers and response to endocrine therapy. We, therefore, explored miR-100 as a novel biomarker in patients with luminal breast cancer. METHODS miR-100 expression was studied in 90 patients with oestrogen-receptor-positive/human-epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer enrolled in a prospective study of endocrine therapy given either preoperatively, or for the treatment of de novo metastatic disease. Response was defined as a Ki67 ≤2.7% after 21±3 days of treatment. The prognostic role of miR-100 expression was evaluated in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer datasets. Additionally, we explored the correlation between miR-100 and the expression its targets reported as being associated with endocrine resistance. Finally, we evaluated whether a signature based on miR-100 and its target genes could predict the luminal A molecular subtype. RESULTS Baseline miR-100 was significantly anticorrelated with baseline and post-treatment Ki67 (p<0.001 and 0.004, respectively), and independently associated with response to treatment (OR 3.329, p=0.047). In the METABRIC dataset, high expression of miR-100 identified women with luminal A tumours treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy with improved overall survival (HR 0.55, p<0.001). miR-100 was negatively correlated with PLK1, FOXA1, mTOR and IGF1R expression, potentially explaining its prognostic effect. Finally, a miR-100-based signature developed in patients enrolled in the prospective study outperformed Ki67 alone in predicting the luminal A phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that miR-100 should be further explored as a biomarker in patients with luminal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Petrelli
- Cancer Molecular Biology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Ivana Sarotto
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Franziska Kubatzki
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Paola Sgandurra
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Furio Maggiorotto
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Ponzone
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Elena Geuna
- Multidisciplinary Outpatient Oncology Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Danilo Galizia
- Multidisciplinary Outpatient Oncology Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nuzzo
- Clinical Research Office, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Enzo Medico
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy; Oncogenomics Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Umberto Miglio
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Enrico Berrino
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Venesio
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ribisi
- Cancer Molecular Biology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy; Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Cancer Molecular Biology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- Multidisciplinary Outpatient Oncology Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.
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Stoen MJ, Andersen S, Rakaee M, Pedersen MI, Ingebriktsen LM, Donnem T, Lombardi APG, Kilvaer TK, Busund LTR, Richardsen E. Overexpression of miR-20a-5p in Tumor Epithelium Is an Independent Negative Prognostic Indicator in Prostate Cancer-A Multi-Institutional Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164096. [PMID: 34439249 PMCID: PMC8394585 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MicroRNAs (miRs) have critical regulatory roles in cell functions, and are involved in prostate cancer tumorigenesis. miR-20a-5p is a member of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster. Overexpressed miR-20a-5p has been shown to increase both cell proliferation and cell migration in cancers. The aim of our cohort study was to evaluate the prognostic role of miR-20a-5p in prostate cancer. We found miR-20a-5p associated with biochemical failure in tumor epithelium and tumor stroma. In the multivariable analysis miR-20a-5p in tumor epithelium was found to be an independent prognostic predictor for biochemical failure. In the functional studies, migration and invasion were significantly increased in miR-20a-5p transfected prostate cancer cell lines. In conclusion, high miR-20a-5p expression in tumor epithelium is a negative independent prognostic factor for biochemical failure in prostate cancer. Abstract Objective: assessing the prognostic role of miR-20a-5p, in terms of clinical outcome, in a large multi-institutional cohort study. Methods: Tissue microarrays from 535 patients’ prostatectomy specimens were constructed. In situ hybridization was performed to assess the expression level of miR-20a-5p in different tissue subregions: tumor stroma (TS) and tumor epithelium (TE). In vitro analysis was performed on prostate cancer cell lines. Results: A high miR-20a-5p expression was found negatively in association with biochemical failure in TE, TS and TE + TS (p = 0.001, p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). Multivariable analysis confirmed that high miR-20a-5p expression in TE independently predicts dismal prognosis for biochemical failure (HR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10–2.21, p = 0.014). Both DU145 and PC3 cells exhibited increased migration ability after transient overexpression of miR-20a-5p, as well as significant elevation of invasion in DU145 cells. Conclusion: A high miR-20a-5p expression in tumor epithelium is an independent negative predictor for biochemical prostate cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Stoen
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-97419736
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (S.A.); (M.R.); (M.I.P.); (T.D.)
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromso, Norway
| | - Mehrdad Rakaee
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (S.A.); (M.R.); (M.I.P.); (T.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mona I. Pedersen
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (S.A.); (M.R.); (M.I.P.); (T.D.)
| | - Lise M. Ingebriktsen
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Pathology, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tom Donnem
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (S.A.); (M.R.); (M.I.P.); (T.D.)
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromso, Norway
| | - Ana P. G. Lombardi
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Thomas K. Kilvaer
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove R. Busund
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromso, Norway
| | - Elin Richardsen
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; (L.M.I.); (A.P.G.L.); (T.K.K.); (L.-T.R.B.); (E.R.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038 Tromso, Norway
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27
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Otsuka K, Ochiya T. Possible connection between diet and microRNA in cancer scenario. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:4-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Muluhngwi P, Klinge CM. Identification and Roles of miR-29b-1-3p and miR29a-3p-Regulated and Non-Regulated lncRNAs in Endocrine-Sensitive and Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3530. [PMID: 34298743 PMCID: PMC8307416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in the treatment of endocrine-resistant metastatic disease using combination therapies in patients with estrogen receptor α (ERα) primary tumors, the mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance remain to be elucidated. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), are targets and regulators of cell signaling pathways and their exosomal transport may contribute to metastasis. Previous studies have shown that a low expression of miR-29a-3p and miR-29b-3p is associated with lower overall breast cancer survival before 150 mos. Transient, modest overexpression of miR-29b1-3p or miR-29a-3p inhibited MCF-7 tamoxifen-sensitive and LCC9 tamoxifen-resistant cell proliferation. Here, we identify miR-29b-1/a-regulated and non-regulated differentially expressed lncRNAs in MCF-7 and LCC9 cells using next-generation RNA seq. More lncRNAs were miR-29b-1/a-regulated in LCC9 cells than in MCF-7 cells, including DANCR, GAS5, DSCAM-AS1, SNHG5, and CRND. We examined the roles of miR-29-regulated and differentially expressed lncRNAs in endocrine-resistant breast cancer, including putative and proven targets and expression patterns in survival analysis using the KM Plotter and TCGA databases. This study provides new insights into lncRNAs in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penn Muluhngwi
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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29
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Maroni P, Bendinelli P, Ferraretto A, Lombardi G. Interleukin 11 (IL-11): Role(s) in Breast Cancer Bone Metastases. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060659. [PMID: 34201209 PMCID: PMC8228851 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases represent the main problem related to the progression of breast cancer, as they are the main cause of death for these patients. Unfortunately, to date, bone metastases are incurable and represent the main challenge for the researcher. Chemokines and cytokines affect different stages of the metastatic process, and in bone metastases, interleukin (IL) -6, IL-8, IL-1β, and IL-11 participate in the interaction between cancer cells and bone cells. This review focuses on IL-11, a pleiotropic cytokine that, in addition to its well-known effects on several tissues, also mediates certain signals in cancer cells. In particular, as IL-11 works on bone remodeling, it plays a relevant role in the osteolytic vicious cycle of bone resorption and tumour growth, which characterizes bone metastasis. IL-11 appears as a candidate for anti-metastatic therapy. Even if different therapeutic approaches have considered IL-11 and the downstream-activated gp130 signaling pathways activated downstream of gp130, further studies are needed to decipher the contribution of the different cytokines and their mechanisms of action in breast cancer progression to define therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); or (G.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-6621-4759
| | - Paola Bendinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Anita Ferraretto
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); or (G.L.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy; (A.F.); or (G.L.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
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30
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Fernández-Moreno R, Torre-Cisneros J, Cantisán S. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded microRNAs: potential biomarkers and clinical applications. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2194-2202. [PMID: 34039247 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1930757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HCMV-encoded microRNAs (hcmv-miRNAs) are non-coding and non-immunogenic molecules that target numerous cellular genes and allow the virus to modulate the host's signalling pathways, thus favouring viral survival and replication. Given their capacity to silence the human genes involved in various physiological processes, these hcmv-miRNAs have now emerged as a potential clinical biomarker in many human diseases. In this review, we summarize the evidence published on the diagnostic and prognostic value of hcmv-miRNAs in several human diseases and their clinical implications. Specifically, we discuss the role of hcmv-miRNAs in the development of cardiovascular diseases and cancer by silencing tumour suppressors. We also examine the current knowledge on the utility of some hcmv-miRNAs in predicting HCMV viraemia recurrence in transplant patients, as well as the interference of hcmv-miRNAs in the development of an appropriate immune response against other viral infections, which might have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernández-Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julián Torre-Cisneros
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Reina Sofía Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sara Cantisán
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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31
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Faraldi M, Gerosa L, Gomarasca M, Sansoni V, Perego S, Ziemann E, Banfi G, Lombardi G. A Physically Active Status Affects the Circulating Profile of Cancer-Associated miRNAs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050820. [PMID: 33946605 PMCID: PMC8147229 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs are ideal diagnostics and prognostics biomarkers in cancer since altered levels of specific miRNAs have been associated to development/progression of several cancers. Physical activity is a recognized preventive strategy against several cancers, but it may also modify the baseline levels of cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, may act as a confounding pre-analytical variable. This study aimed at understanding whether physical activity-dependent changes in cancer-associated circulating miRNAs profile could act as a confounding variable. A panel comprising 179 miRNAs was assayed in plasma from 20 highly trained and 10 sedentary men. RT-qPCR data were analyzed with the 2−2ΔΔCT methods and normalized on hsa-miR-320d, as determined by bioinformatics analysis. miRNAs associated with the diagnosis of the most prevalent cancers were considered. Only those miRNAs, relevantly associated with cancers, found ≥2-fold up- or downregulated in highly trained subjects compared to sedentary were disclosed. The results reveal that chronic physical activity determined modifications altering the baseline level of several cancer-associated miRNAs and, hence, their diagnostic and prognostic potential. In conclusion, based on our results, a physically active status emerges as an important pre-analytical variable able to alter the basal level of circulating miRNAs, and these alterations might be considered as potentially misleading the analytical output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Laura Gerosa
- Gruppo San Donato Foundation, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02166214068
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Ewa Ziemann
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.); (V.S.); (S.P.); (G.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
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Luo T, Zhou X, Jiang E, Wang L, Ji Y, Shang Z. Osteosarcoma Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption Through Transferring MicroRNA-19a-3p. Front Oncol 2021; 11:618662. [PMID: 33842319 PMCID: PMC8029976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.618662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer characterized by an aggressive phenotype with bone destruction. The prognosis of OS patients remains unoptimistic with the current treatment strategy. Recently, osteoclasts are believed to play a crucial role in cancer bone metastasis. Thus, osteoclast could be a target both in bone destruction and cancer progression in OS. However, mechanisms governing osteoclastogenesis in OS remain poorly understood. miRNA delivered by small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) could mediate cellular communications. In this study, we investigated the effects of sEVs on osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function, also clarified the underlying mechanism. We herein found that sEVs promoted pre-osteoclast migration, osteoclastogenesis and resorption by exposing RAW264.7 cells to sEVs derived from OS cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that phosphatase tension homologue (PTEN), and miR-19a-3p were involved in OS progression. Overexpression of miR-19a-3p or sEVs’ miR-19a-3p promoted osteoclast formation and function through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while inhibition of miR-19a-3p showed the contrary results. The bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were used to verify the results. OS mice, which were established by subcutaneous injection of OS cells, exhibited increased levels of sEVs’ miR-19a-3p in blood. Moreover, micro-computed tomography (CT) and histomorphometry analysis demonstrated that OS mice exhibited osteopenia with increased number of osteoclasts. In conclusion, miR-19a-3p delivery via OS cell-derived sEVs promotes osteoclast differentiation and bone destruction through PTEN/phosphatidylinositol 3 -kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. These findings highlight sEVs packaging of miR-19a-3p as a potential target for prevention and treatment of bone destruction and cancer progression in OS patients. And this finding provides a novel potentially therapeutic target for the bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Erhui Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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33
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Zhang W, Ren X, Qi L, Zhang C, Tu C, Li Z. The value of lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers on clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:202. [PMID: 33639865 PMCID: PMC7912917 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07882-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, emerging studies have demonstrated critical functions and potential clinical applications of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in osteosarcoma. To further validate the prognostic value of multiple lncRNAs, we have conducted this updated meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library (last update by October 2, 2019). A meta-analysis was performed to explore association between lncRNAs expression and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients. Relationships between lncRNAs expression and other clinicopathological features were also analyzed respectively. Results Overall, 4351 patients from 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis and 25 lncRNAs were identified. Pooled analyses showed that high expression of 14 lncRNAs connoted worse OS, while two lncRNAs were associated with positive outcome. Further, analysis toward osteosarcoma clinicopathologic features demonstrated that overexpression of TUG1 and XIST indicated poor clinical parameters of patients. Conclusions This meta-analysis has elucidated the prognostic potential of 16 lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma. Evidently, desperate expression and functional targets of these lncRNAs offer new approaches for prognosis and therapy of osteosarcoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07882-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Cui X, Lv Z, Ding H, Xing C, Yuan Y. MiR-1539 and Its Potential Role as a Novel Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:531244. [PMID: 33680906 PMCID: PMC7930495 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.531244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated microRNA (miR) 1539 as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk and pathobiological behavior of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Our strategy consisted of analyzing 100 serum samples from 51 CRC patients, 49 healthy controls (HCs), and another 56 CRC tissue and matched normal adjacent to tumor (NAT) samples. The relative expression levels of miR-1539 in exosomes, serum and tissues were detected and compared in the different groups, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic value and potential function of miR-1539 were investigated using clinicopathological data combined with bioinformatics analysis. Results MiR-1539 expression was significantly up-regulated in exosomes (p = 0.003) and cancer tissue (p < 0.001) from CRC patients. MiR-1539 expression levels in serum varied according to different tumor sites (right-sided vs. left-sided, p = 0.047; left-side CRC vs. HCs, p = 0.031). In terms of diagnostic efficacy, miR-1539 expression in exosomes may help distinguish CRC cases from HCs with a sensitivity of 92.2%, and miR-1539 expression in serum may improve the specificity to 96.6% for left-sided CRC diagnosis. When combined with clinicopathological data, serum miR-1539 levels were positively associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression (p = 0.028), whilst levels in CRC tissue were positively associated with increased Ki-67 levels (p = 0.035). Poorer pathologic differentiation was potentially related to an increased tendency of miR-1539 expression in CRC tissue (p = 0.071). Based on our bioinformatics analysis, miR-1539 may have a significant mechanistic influence on CRC genesis and progression. Conclusions Circulating or tissue based miR-1539 may be used as a novel potential biomarker for CRC screening, and a predictor of poor clinicopathological behavior in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Cui
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanxi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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35
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Shi M, Huang W, Shu L, Hou G, Guan Y, Song G. Research on polycystic ovary syndrome: a bibliometric analysis from 2009 to 2019. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:121-125. [PMID: 32812809 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1807501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive and endocrine disease. However, there have not been any bibliometric studies on the latest scientific results and research trends of PCOS. This study aimed to review the state of research in PCOS worldwide. Publications on PCOS from 2009 to 2019 were identified and evaluated from the database Web of Science. A total of 7814 articles were retrieved. Shanghai Jiao Tong University published the most articles, with 218 publications. Gynecol Endocrinol had the greatest number of publications (n = 541). J Clin Endocr Metab was cited the most, with a total of 32,207 times. An article written by March et al. in 2010 had the most global citations (737 times) and local citations (463 times). From 2009 to 2019, the number of PCOS global publications gradually increased. Gynecol Endocrinol and Endocr Metab were popular journals for PCOS research. Research trends gradually shifted from treatment and methodology to genetics and basic research. The terms 'microrna,' 'rt qpcr,' 'lncrna,' and 'histological examination' may be hotspots that should be focused on in PCOS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Linyi Shu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Guangsen Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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37
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Cambier L, Stachelek K, Triska M, Jubran R, Huang M, Li W, Zhang J, Li J, Cobrinik D. Extracellular vesicle-associated repetitive element DNAs as candidate osteosarcoma biomarkers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:94. [PMID: 33420117 PMCID: PMC7794510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Despite that high-risk factors have been identified, no test for early detection is available. This study aimed to identify circulating nucleic acid sequences associated with serum extracellular vesicle (EV) preparations at the time of OS diagnosis, as a step towards an OS early detection assay. Sequencing of small nucleic acids extracted from serum EV preparations revealed increased representation of diverse repetitive element sequences in OS patient versus control sera. Analysis of a validation cohort using qPCR of PEG-precipitated EV preparations revealed the over-representation of HSATI, HSATII, LINE1-P1, and Charlie 3 at the DNA but not RNA level, with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.90. HSATI and HSATII DNAs co-purified with EVs prepared by precipitation and size exclusion chromatography but not by exosome immunocapture, indicative of packaging in a non-exosomal complex. The consistent over-representation of EV-associated repetitive element DNA sequences suggests their potential utility as biomarkers for OS and perhaps other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cambier
- The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS163, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Kevin Stachelek
- The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS163, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Cancer Biology and Genomics Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Martin Triska
- The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS163, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Rima Jubran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Manyu Huang
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, 82 Qiming Road, Luoyang, 471002, Henan, China
| | - Wuyin Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, 82 Qiming Road, Luoyang, 471002, Henan, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, 82 Qiming Road, Luoyang, 471002, Henan, China. .,Department of Biological Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - David Cobrinik
- The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS163, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA. .,Cancer Biology and Genomics Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology and Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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LMTK2 as Potential Biomarker for Stratification between Clinically Insignificant and Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:8820366. [PMID: 33488712 PMCID: PMC7803409 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8820366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A set of prostate tumors tend to grow slowly and do not require active treatment. Therefore, stratification between patients with clinically significant and clinically insignificant prostate cancer (PC) remains a vital issue to avoid overtreatment. Fast development of genetic technologies accelerated development of next-generation molecular tools for reliable PC diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of molecular biomarkers (CRISP3, LMTK2, and MSMB) for separation of PC cases from benign prostatic changes and more specifically for identification of clinically significant PC from all pool of PC cases in patients with rising PSA levels. Patients (n = 200) who had rising PSA (PSA II) after negative transrectal systematic prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA (PSA I) were eligible to the study. In addition to PSA concentration, PSA density was calculated for each patient. Gene expression level was measured in peripheral blood samples of cases applying RT-PCR, while MSMB (−57 C/T) polymorphism was identified by pyrosequencing. LMTK2 and MSMB significantly differentiated control group from both BPD and PC groups. MSMB expression tended to increase from the major alleles of the CC genotype to the minor alleles of the TT genotype. PSA density was the only clinical characteristic that significantly differentiated clinically significant PC from clinically insignificant PC. Therefore, LMTK2 expression and PSA density were significantly distinguished between clinically significant PC and clinically insignificant PC. PSA density rather than PSA can differentiate PC from the benign prostate disease and, in combination with LMTK2, assist in stratification between clinically insignificant and clinically significant PC.
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Yiqi Z, Ziyun L, Qin F, Xingli W, Liyu Y. Identification of 9-Gene Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Related Signature of Osteosarcoma by Integrating Multi Cohorts. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820980769. [PMID: 33308057 PMCID: PMC7739092 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820980769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma is still poor due to the lack of effective prognostic markers. The EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) serves as a promoter in the progression of osteosarcoma. This study systematically analyzed EMT-related genes to explore new markers for predicting the prognosis of osteosarcoma. METHODS RNA-Seq data and clinical information were obtained from the GEO database; GSVA and GSEA analysis were used to enrich pathways related to osteosarcoma progression; LASSO method analysis was used to construct the prognosis risk signature. The "Nomogram" package generated the risk prediction nomogram, and its clinical applicability was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS GSVA and GSEA analysis showed that the EMT signaling pathway was closely related to osteosarcoma progression. A 9-genes signature (LAMA3, LGALS1, SGCG, VEGFA, WNT5A, MATN3, ANPEP, FUCA1, and FLNA) was constructed. The overall survival (OS) of the high-risk scores group was significantly lower than the low-risk scores group. The 9-gene signature demonstrated good predictive accuracy. Cox regression analysis showed that the 9-gene signature provided independent prognostic factors for osteosarcoma patients. In addition, the predictive nomogram model could effectively predict the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. CONCLUSION This study constructed a 9-gene signature as a new prognostic marker to predict osteosarcoma patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yiqi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Ziyun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xingli
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liyu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Faraldi M, Gomarasca M, Perego S, Sansoni V, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Effect of collection matrix, platelet depletion, and storage conditions on plasma extracellular vesicles and extracellular vesicle-associated miRNAs measurements. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:893-903. [PMID: 33555147 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The interest around circulating extracellular vesicles and their cargo in diagnostics has greatly increased; however, several pre-analytical variables affect their determination. In this study, we investigated the effects of sample matrix, processing, and plasma storage delay and temperature on extracellular vesicles and their miRNA content. METHODS Blood was collected from 10 male volunteers in dipotassium ethylendiaminotetraacetate-coated tubes (K2EDTA), either with plasma-preparation tube (PPT) or without (K2E) gel separator. A stepwise centrifugation was applied to K2E aliquots to obtain platelet-poor plasma (PPP). K2E, PPP and PPT plasma, stored under different conditions, were assayed for extracellular vesicles concentration and size distribution, through dynamic laser light scattering, and microRNAs content, by qPCR. RESULTS PPP samples were characterized by the lowest extracellular vesicles count and miRNA detectability. Although having no effects on extracellular vesicles total concentration, storage conditions influenced microRNAs detectability, mainly in PPP and PPT samples. Extracellular vesicles-associated miRNAs levels in K2E were, in general, higher than in PPP and to a very limited extent to PPT. Storage temperature and delay did not affect their profile in K2E samples. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular vesicles count and extracellular vesicles miRNA profile changed under the analyzed pre-analytical variables, showing the greatest stability in K2E samples. Since pre-analytical variables differently affected extracellular vesicles and their miRNA content, they should be considered in each experimental setting and clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Faraldi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Gomarasca
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Perego
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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Volovat SR, Volovat C, Hordila I, Hordila DA, Mirestean CC, Miron OT, Lungulescu C, Scripcariu DV, Stolniceanu CR, Konsoulova-Kirova AA, Grigorescu C, Stefanescu C, Volovat CC, Augustin I. MiRNA and LncRNA as Potential Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:526850. [PMID: 33330019 PMCID: PMC7716774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.526850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) include a diverse range of RNA species, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). MiRNAs, ncRNAs of approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length, are involved in gene expression regulation either via degradation or silencing of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and have roles in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. LncRNAs, which are longer than 200 nucleotides, comprise one of the largest and most heterogeneous RNA families. LncRNAs can activate or repress gene expression through various mechanisms, acting alone or in combination with miRNAs and other molecules as part of various pathways. Until recently, most research has focused on individual lncRNA and miRNA functions as regulators, and there is limited available data on ncRNA interactions relating to the tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy of cancer, acting either on mRNA alone or as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents approximately 10%-20% of all breast cancers (BCs) and is highly heterogenous and more aggressive than other types of BC, for which current targeted treatment options include hormonotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapy; however, no targeted therapies for TNBC are available, partly because of a lack of predictive biomarkers. With advances in proteomics, new evidence has emerged demonstrating the implications of dysregulation of ncRNAs in TNBC etiology. Here, we review the roles of lncRNAs and miRNAs implicated in TNBC, including their interactions and regulatory networks. Our synthesis provides insight into the mechanisms involved in TNBC progression and has potential to aid the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania.,Center of Oncology Euroclinic, Iași, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristian Lungulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
| | | | - Cristina Grigorescu
- Department of Surgery, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
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Wang J, Huang K, Shi L, Zhang Q, Zhang S. CircPVT1 Promoted the Progression of Breast Cancer by Regulating MiR-29a-3p-Mediated AGR2-HIF-1α Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11477-11490. [PMID: 33223849 PMCID: PMC7672658 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s265579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is a great contributor to cancer-related death. Mounting studies have identified that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Here, we explored the effect of circPVT1 on BC development as well as its downstream mechanisms. Methods qRT-PCR was used to determine the relative expression levels of circPVT1 and miR-29a-3p in BC tissue samples and cell lines. We also analyzed the relevance between pathological indexes and circPVT1 expression level. Human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were taken as cell models. Gain- or loss-of-functional assays of circPVT1 and miR-29a-3p were conducted in BC cell lines to investigate their effects on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The protein levels of AGR2, HIF-1α, Bax, Bcl2 and Caspase3 were determined by Western blot. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to confirm the targeted relationships between circPVT1 and miR-29a-3p, miR-29a-3p and anterior gradient 2 (AGR2). Results CircPVT1 was highly expressed while miR-29a-3p was lowly expressed in BC tissues and cell lines. Inhibition of circPVT1 or overexpression of miR-29a-3p remarkably suppressed BC cell proliferation, invasion and migration while promoted cell apoptosis. By contrast, circPVT1 upregulation or miR-29a-3p inhibition led to mitigate malignant behaviours of BC cells. Functionally, circPVT1 bound to miR-29a-3p, and AGR2 was a target gene of miR-29a-3p. Overexpressed circPVT1 promoted AGR2 and HIF-1α expression by repressing miR-29a-3p. More importantly, overexpressing AGR2 enhances HIF-1α expression, accompanied with accelerated proliferation, invasion and migration of BC cells. Conclusion CircPVT1 acts as an oncogene in BC via promoting the growth, invasion, migration and inhibiting apoptosis through miR-29a-3p-mediated AGR2-HIF-1α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department ofThyroid and Breast Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Shi
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengchu Zhang
- Department ofThyroid and Breast Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, People's Republic of China
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Yang G, Izmailov A, Shi H, Sun J, Zhao B, Liu B, Zhao S. Diagnostic and prognostic potential of circulating miRNAs for intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurg Rev 2020; 44:2025-2039. [PMID: 33094424 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is an abnormal focal dilation of an artery in the brain that results from a weakening of the inner muscular layer of a blood vessel wall. IAs represent the most common etiology of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Despite technological advances in the treatment and use of new diagnostic methods for IAs, they continue to pose a significant risk of mortality and disability. Thus, early recognition of IA with a high risk of rupture is crucial for the stratification of patients with such a formidable disease. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenous noncoding RNAs of 18-22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through interaction with 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of the target mRNAs. MiRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of IAs, including in the mechanisms of formation, growth, and rupture. It is known that in many biological fluids of the human body, such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), numerous miRNAs, called circulating miRNAs, have been detected. The expression profile of circulating miRNAs represents a certain part of the cells in which they are modified and secreted in accordance with the physiological or pathological conditions of these cells. Circulating miRNAs can be secreted from cells into human biological fluids in extracellular vesicles or can be bound to Ago2 protein, which makes them resistant to the effects of RNAse. Therefore, circulating miRNAs are considered as new potential biomarkers of interest in many diseases, including IA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Adel Izmailov
- Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinxian Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Boxian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Binbing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Garrido-Cano I, Constâncio V, Adam-Artigues A, Lameirinhas A, Simón S, Ortega B, Martínez MT, Hernando C, Bermejo B, Lluch A, Lopes P, Henrique R, Jerónimo C, Cejalvo JM, Eroles P. Circulating miR-99a-5p Expression in Plasma: A Potential Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197427. [PMID: 33050096 PMCID: PMC7582935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have emerged as new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for breast cancer. Herein, we analysed miR-99a-5p expression levels in primary tumours and plasma of breast cancer patients to evaluate its usefulness as a minimally invasive diagnostic biomarker. MiR-99a-5p expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR in three independent cohorts of patients: (I) Discovery cohort: breast cancer tissues (n = 103) and healthy breast tissues (n = 26); (II) Testing cohort: plasma samples from 105 patients and 98 healthy donors; (III) Validation cohort: plasma samples from 89 patients and 85 healthy donors. Our results demonstrated that miR-99a-5p was significantly downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared to healthy breast tissues. Conversely, miR-99a-5p levels were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in healthy controls in plasma samples from both testing and validation cohorts, and ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-99a-5p has good diagnostic potential even to detect early breast cancer. In conclusion, miR-99a-5p’s deregulated expression distinguished healthy patients from breast cancer patients in two different types of samples (tissues and plasma). Interestingly, expression levels in plasma were significantly lower in healthy controls than in early-stage breast cancer patients. Our findings suggest circulating miR-99a-5p as a novel promising non-invasive biomarker for breast cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Garrido-Cano
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group–Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (V.C.); (P.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Vera Constâncio
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group–Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (V.C.); (P.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Anna Adam-Artigues
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Ana Lameirinhas
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Soraya Simón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Belen Ortega
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - María Teresa Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Cristina Hernando
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Ana Lluch
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Lopes
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group–Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (V.C.); (P.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group–Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (V.C.); (P.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group–Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (V.C.); (P.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (J.M.C.); (P.E.); Tel.: +351-962447005 (C.J.); +34-961973517 (J.M.C.); +34-961973517 (P.E.)
| | - Juan Miguel Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (J.M.C.); (P.E.); Tel.: +351-962447005 (C.J.); +34-961973517 (J.M.C.); +34-961973517 (P.E.)
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-C.); (A.A.-A.); (A.L.); (S.S.); (B.O.); (M.T.M.); (C.H.); (B.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- COST Action CA15204, 1210 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.J.); (J.M.C.); (P.E.); Tel.: +351-962447005 (C.J.); +34-961973517 (J.M.C.); +34-961973517 (P.E.)
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Maguire S, Lohman GJS, Guan S. A low-bias and sensitive small RNA library preparation method using randomized splint ligation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e80. [PMID: 32496547 PMCID: PMC7641310 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small RNAs are important regulators of gene expression and are involved in human development and disease. Next generation sequencing (NGS) allows for scalable, genome-wide studies of small RNA; however, current methods are challenged by low sensitivity and high bias, limiting their ability to capture an accurate representation of the cellular small RNA population. Several studies have shown that this bias primarily arises during the ligation of single-strand adapters during library preparation, and that this ligation bias is magnified by 2′-O-methyl modifications (2′OMe) on the 3′ terminal nucleotide. In this study, we developed a novel library preparation process using randomized splint ligation with a cleavable adapter, a design which resolves previous challenges associated with this ligation strategy. We show that a randomized splint ligation based workflow can reduce bias and increase the sensitivity of small RNA sequencing for a wide variety of small RNAs, including microRNA (miRNA) and tRNA fragments as well as 2′OMe modified RNA, including Piwi-interacting RNA and plant miRNA. Finally, we demonstrate that this workflow detects more differentially expressed miRNA between tumorous and matched normal tissues. Overall, this library preparation process allows for highly accurate small RNA sequencing and will enable studies of 2′OMe modified RNA with new levels of detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Maguire
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | | | - Shengxi Guan
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
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Development of a serum miRNA panel for detection of early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:25036-25042. [PMID: 32943537 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive testing for early detection of lung cancer to improve patient survival is a major unmet clinical need. This study aimed to develop and validate a serum multi-microRNA (multimiR) panel as a minimally invasive test for early detection of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) regardless of smoking status, gender, and ethnicity. Our study included 744 NSCLC cases and 944 matched controls, including smokers and nonsmokers, male and female, with Asian and Caucasian subjects. Using RT-qPCR and a tightly controlled workflow, we quantified the absolute expression of 520 circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in a Chinese cohort of 180 early stage NSCLC cases and 216 healthy controls (male smokers). Candidate biomarkers were verified in two case-control cohorts of 432 Chinese and 218 Caucasians, respectively (including females and nonsmokers). A multimiR panel for NSCLC detection was developed using a twofold cross-validation and validated in three additional Asian cohorts comprising 642 subjects. We discovered 35 candidate miRNA biomarkers, verified 22 of them, and developed a five-miR panel that detected NSCLC with area under curve (AUC) of 0.936-0.984 in the discovery and verification cohorts. The panel was validated in three independent cohorts with AUCs of 0.973, 0.916, and 0.917. The sensitivity of five-miR test was 81.3% for all stages, 82.9% for stages I and II, and 83.0% for stage I NSCLC, when the specificity is at 90.7%. We developed a minimally invasive five-miR serum test for detecting early stage NSCLC and validated its performance in multiple patient cohorts independent of smoking status, gender, and ethnicity.
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47
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Gupta I, Rizeq B, Vranic S, Moustafa AEA, Al Farsi H. Circulating miRNAs in HER2-Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancers: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6750. [PMID: 32942528 PMCID: PMC7554858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases among women worldwide and is highly associated with cancer-related mortality. Of the four major molecular subtypes, HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprise more than 30% of all breast cancers. While the HER2-positive subtype lacks estrogen and progesterone receptors and overexpresses HER2, the TNBC subtype lacks estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Although advances in molecular biology and genetics have substantially ameliorated breast cancer disease management, targeted therapies for the treatment of estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer patients are still restricted, particularly for TNBC. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that microRNAs, miRNAs or small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression are involved in diverse biological processes, including carcinogenesis. Moreover, circulating miRNAs in serum/plasma are among the most promising diagnostic/therapeutic tools as they are stable and relatively easy to quantify. Various circulating miRNAs have been identified in several human cancers including specific breast cancer subtypes. This review aims to discuss the role of circulating miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for estrogen-receptor negative breast cancers, HER2+ and triple negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Balsam Rizeq
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Halema Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (I.G.); (B.R.); (S.V.)
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48
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Wang J, Yu S, Chen G, Kang M, Jin X, Huang Y, Lin L, Wu D, Wang L, Chen J. A novel prognostic signature of immune-related genes for patients with colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8491-8504. [PMID: 32564470 PMCID: PMC7412433 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers with an estimated 1.8 million new cases worldwide and associated with high mortality rates of 881 000 CRC-related deaths in 2018. Screening programs and new therapies have only marginally improved the survival of CRC patients. Immune-related genes (IRGs) have attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to identify an immune-related prognostic signature for CRC. To this end, we combined gene expression and clinical data from the CRC data sets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into an integrated immune landscape profile. We identified a total of 476 IRGs that were differentially expressed in CRC vs normal tissues, of which 18 were survival related according to univariate Cox analysis. Stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis established an immune-related prognostic signature consisting of SLC10A2, FGF2, CCL28, NDRG1, ESM1, UCN, UTS2 and TRDC. The predictive ability of this signature for 3- and 5-year overall survival was determined using receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and the respective areas under the curve (AUC) were 79.2% and 76.6%. The signature showed moderate predictive accuracy in the validation and GSE38832 data sets as well. Furthermore, the 8-IRG signature correlated significantly with tumour stage, invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis by univariate Cox analysis, and was established an independent prognostic factor by multivariate Cox regression analysis for CRC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed a relationship between the IRG prognostic signature and various biological pathways. Focal adhesions and ECM-receptor interactions were positively correlated with the risk scores, while cytosolic DNA sensing and metabolism-related pathways were negatively correlated. Finally, the bioinformatics results were validated by real-time RT-qPCR. In conclusion, we identified and validated a novel, immune-related prognostic signature for patients with CRC, and this signature reflects the dysregulated tumour immune microenvironment and has a potential for better CRC patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Shaojun Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncologythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guofeng Chen
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Muxing Kang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lele Lin
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lie Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated HospitalInstitute of ImmunologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Surgerythe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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El-Shafae M, Behiry EG, Abd El-latif ME, Ahmed ES, El-Fallah AA. Clinical value of serum microRNA-195 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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50
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Sun X, Tian C, Zhang H, Han K, Zhou M, Gan Z, Zhu H, Min D. Long noncoding RNA OIP5-AS1 mediates resistance to doxorubicin by regulating miR-137-3p/PTN axis in osteosarcoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110201. [PMID: 32460190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Opa-interacting protein 5 antisense RNA1 (OIP5-AS1) has been demonstrated to facilitate proliferation, metastasis and resistance to treatments in various types of cancers. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms underlying the roles of OIP5-AS1 in osteosarcoma(OS) drug resistance have not yet been clearly elucidated. Therefore, we sought to investigate the functional involvement of OIP5-AS1 in osteosarcoma. Our results indicated that OIP5-AS1 was dramatically up-regulated in osteosarcoma drug-resistant tissues and cells in comparison with drug-sensitive tissues and cells. Also, the knockdown of OIP5-AS1 was found to have decreased doxorubicin resistance of OS cells. Further analyses revealed that OIP5-AS1 operated as a competitor for endogenous RNA of miR-137-3p as well as regulated pleiotrophin(PTN) expression, which has been reported to be an oncogene in OS in previous research. Furthermore, the loss of miR-137-3p or alternatively, the gain of PTN, both resulted in the abolishment of the inhibitory role of OIP5-AS1 silencing the proliferative activity. Our analyses indicated and helped to determine the role of OIP5-AS1 in contributing to tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma via the miR-137-3p/PTN axis and, therefore outlining its potential for use as a therapeutic target against this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meixiang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhihua Gan
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hongling Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai 201306, China.
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