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Gao C, Wang Q, Ding Y, Kwong CHT, Liu J, Xie B, Wei J, Lee SMY, Mok GSP, Wang R. Targeted therapies of inflammatory diseases with intracellularly gelated macrophages in mice and rats. Nat Commun 2024; 15:328. [PMID: 38184609 PMCID: PMC10771422 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane-camouflaged nanomedicines often suffer from reduced efficacy caused by membrane protein disintegration and spatial disorder caused by separation and reassembly of membrane fragments during the coating process. Here we show that intracellularly gelated macrophages (GMs) preserve cell membrane structures, including protein content, integration and fluidity, as well as the membrane lipid order. Consequently, in our testing GMs act as cellular sponges to efficiently neutralize various inflammatory cytokines via receptor-ligand interactions, and serve as immune cell-like carriers to selectively bind inflammatory cells in culture medium, even under a flow condition. In a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis, GMs alleviate the joint injury, and suppress the overall arthritis severity. Upon intravenous injection, GMs efficiently accumulate in the inflammatory lungs of acute pneumonia mice for anti-inflammatory therapy. Conveniently, GMs are amenable to lyophilization and can be stored at ambient temperatures for at least 1 month without loss of integrity and bio-activity. This intracellular gelation technology provides a universal platform for targeted inflammation neutralization treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yuanfu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (BIG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Cheryl H T Kwong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Jinwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Beibei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Jianwen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Simon M Y Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Greta S P Mok
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
- Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (BIG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China.
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Zhang X, Pang R, Zhang K, Xu Q, Xu C, Shi W, Liang X, Li D, Cui W, Bai S, Li Z, Li H, Zhang H. Apocynin exerts cytoprotective effects on dexamethasone-induced osteoblasts by inhibiting oxidative stress through the Nrf2 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3911-3927. [PMID: 37749949 PMCID: PMC10718140 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid-induced femoral head necrosis (SIFHN) is a serious clinical complication that is caused by prolonged or excessive use of glucocorticoids (GCs). Osteoblast apoptosis and osteogenic differentiation dysfunction caused by GC-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment are strongly implicated in SIFHN. Apocynin (APO) is a kind of acetophenone extracted from an herb. In recent years, APO has received much attention for its antiapoptotic and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate whether APO could protect against SIFHN and explore the mechanism. In our study, low-dose APO had no toxic effects on osteoblasts and restored dexamethasone (Dex)-treated osteoblasts by improving survival, inhibiting OS and restoring mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, APO alleviated Dex-induced osteoblast injury by activating the Nrf2 pathway, and the use of ML385 to block Nrf2 significantly eliminated the protective effect of APO. In addition, APO could reduce the formation of empty lacunae, restore bone mass and promote the expression of Nrf2 in SIFHN rats. In conclusion, APO protects osteoblasts from Dex-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of the Nrf2 pathway and may be a beneficial drug for the treatment of SIFHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsTianjinNankai HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Ran Pang
- Department of OrthopaedicsTianjinNankai HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qian Xu
- School of Integrative MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Chunlei Xu
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xinyu Liang
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Dong Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Wenhao Cui
- Department of PharmacologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- R&D CenterYoujia (Hangzhou) Biomedical Technology Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Shucai Bai
- Department of OrthopaedicsTianjin HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsTianjinNankai HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
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Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Xu J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Chen J. The dual role and mutual dependence of heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis in the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic intersection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:483-501. [PMID: 36310300 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In physiological concentrations, heme is nontoxic to the cell and is essential for cell survival and proliferation. Increasing intracellular heme concentrations beyond normal levels, however, will lead to carcinogenesis and facilitate the survival of tumor cells. Simultaneously, heme in an abnormally high quantity is also a potent inducer of tumor cell death, contributing to its ability to generate oxidative stress on the cells by boosting oxidative phosphorylation and suppressing tumors through ferroptosis. During tumorigenesis and progression, therefore, heme works as a double-edged sword. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, which converts heme into physiologically active catabolites of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 maintains redox equilibrium in healthy cells and functions as a carcinogenesis inhibitor. It is widely recognized that HO-1 is involved in the adaptive response to cellular stress and the anti-inflammation effect. Notably, its expression level in cancer cells corresponds with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Besides, heme-binding transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) play a critical regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress and senescence, cell cycle, angiogenesis, immune cell differentiation, and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it was found that Bach1 influences cancer cells' metabolism and metastatic capacity. Bach1 controls heme level by adjusting HO-1 expression, establishing a negative feedback loop. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the authors review recent studies on heme, HO-1, and Bach1 in cancer. Specifically, they cover the following areas: (1) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of heme; (2) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of HO-1; (3) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of Bach1; (4) the interactions of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis involved in tumor progression. CONCLUSION This review summarized the literature about the dual role of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis and their mutual dependence in the carcinogenesis and anti-carcinogenesis intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | | | - Yali Wang
- Jiangsu Huai'an Maternity and Children Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Zhou K, Lu D, You J, Liu T, Sun J, Lu Y, Pan J, Li Y, Liu C. Integrated plasma pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba in treatment of allergic asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115624. [PMID: 35970314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba (GPH), a commonly used traditional medicine in China, is derived from Gerbera piloselloides (Linn.) Cass. It is featured by its special bioactivities as antitussive, expectorant, anti-asthma, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, uterine analgesia, and immunity-enhancing. With a long history of medication in ethnic minority areas in China, it is often used as an effective treatment for cough and sore throat as well as allergic asthma. Although our previous investigation also has discovered GPH performed effective treatment on allergic asthma, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aims to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of GPH in the treatment for allergic asthma through combination of plasma pharmacology and network pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the components of GPH in blood samples were identified using UHPLC- Q-Orbitrap HRMS. An interaction network of "compound-target-disease" was constructed based on the compounds confirmed in blood and on their corresponding targets of allergic asthma acquired from disease gene databases, predicting the possible biological targets and potential signal pathways of GPH with the network pharmacology analysis. Then, a molecular docking between the blood ingredients and the core targets was carried out using the Autodock Vina software. Subsequently, after establishing a mouse model with allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA), the effect of GPH on allergic asthma was evaluated by analyzing a series of indicators including behavior, lung pathological changes, inflammatory factors in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Finally, the key pathway and targets predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking were further verified using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Eleven chemical constituents (such as arbutin, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, etc.) were identified through the analysis of plasma samples, on which basis a total of 142 genes intersecting GPH and allergic asthma were collected by network pharmacology. After performing enrichment analysis of these genes in gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), it was found that arbutin-related targets mainly focused on phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway, while luteolin and marmesin -related targets tended to locate at Interleukin-17 (IL-17) signal pathway. Meanwhile, the findings of molecular docking suggested that such components as arbutin, luteolin and marmesin entering into blood had good binding with the core targets related to PI3K/Akt and IL-17 pathways. In addition, GPH improved the OVA-induced asthma symptoms, the alveolar septa thickening and the infiltration of inflammatory cell around bronchi and bronchioles as well as reduced the levels of IgE, IL-8 and TNF-α in serum or BALF. Furthermore, GPH could inhibit the phosphorylation level of Akt and the expression of PI3K, an efficacy supported by the findings by way of Western blot which suggests that GPH in the treatment of allergic asthma was linked to PI3K/Akt signal pathway. CONCLUSION In this study, a comprehensive strategy to combine the UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS with network pharmacology was employed to clarify the mechanism of GPH against allergic asthma, a finding where GPH may inhibit PI3K/Akt signal pathway to protect mice from OVA-induced allergic asthma. This study provides a deeper understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of GPH in treatment of asthma, offering a scientific reference for further research and clinical application of GPH in terms of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dingyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jingrui You
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Chunhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Chen M, Chen J, Huang W, Li C, Luo H, Xue Z, Xiao Y, Wu Q, Chen C. Exosomes from human induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells improved myocardial injury caused by severe acute pancreatitis through activating Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 axis. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1578-1589. [PMID: 35422193 PMCID: PMC9291715 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2057762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) have been believed to be a promising alternative for the stem cell transplantation therapy. The exosomes (Exo) from iMSCs play an important role in several kinds of life activities. The role of exosomes from iMSCs in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) induced myocardial injury (MI) has not been investigated. The Exo were isolated from iMSCs through differential centrifugation method. The SAP rat model was established with 5% sodium taurocholate injection into the distal end of the bilepancreatic duct. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure related gene expression. Masson trichrome and Sirius Red stainings were used to evaluate MI injury. Cardiac function was detected through cardiac ultrasound.Exo promoted cell viability through activating Akt/nuclear factor E2 related factors 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in vitro. Exo improved MI induced by SAP through activating Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Exo improved cardiac function, and suppressed oxidative status in the SAP model. Exo increased the expression of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Our data indicated that the Exo from iMSCs could improve MI caused by SAP through activating Nrf2/HO-1 axis. These findings firstly unfold the potential application of Exo from iMSCs in treating MI induced by SAP.Abbreviations: LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS: left ventricular fractional shorten; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVDs: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; MI: Myocardial infarction; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; iPSCs: Human-induced pluripotent stem cells; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; iMSCs: iPSCs derived VEGF: MSCs; vascular endothelial growth factor; Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor; RT-PCR: Real-time polymerase chain reaction; HE: Hematoxylin-eosin; MODS: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; ECL: Enhanced chemiluminescence; IHC: Immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, No. 999 Dongzhen Road, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Junnian Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Caiting Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haoteng Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cunrong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Yang CC, Hsiao LD, Wang CY, Lin WN, Shih YF, Chen YW, Cho RL, Tseng HC, Yang CM. HO-1 Upregulation by Kaempferol via ROS-Dependent Nrf2-ARE Cascade Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040782. [PMID: 35453467 PMCID: PMC9028455 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung inflammation is a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key antioxidant enzyme that could be induced by kaempferol (KPR) and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of KPR-mediated HO-1 expression and its effects on inflammatory responses remain unknown in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs). This study aimed to verify the relationship between HO-1 expression and KPR treatment in both in vitro and in vivo models. HO-1 expression was determined by real time-PCR, Western blotting, and promoter reporter analyses. The signaling components were investigated by using pharmacological inhibitors or specific siRNAs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed to investigate the interaction between nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and antioxidant response elements (ARE) binding site of HO-1 promoter. The effect of KPR on monocytes (THP-1) binding to HPAEpiCs challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was determined by adhesion assay. We found that KPR-induced HO-1 level attenuated the LPS-induced intercellular cell adhesion protein 1 (ICAM-1) expression in HPAEpiCs. KPR-induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression also attenuated ICAM-1 expression in mice. Tin protoporphyrin (SnPP)IX reversed the inhibitory effects of KPR in HPAEpiCs. In addition, in HPAEpiCs, KPR-induced HO-1 expression was abolished by both pretreating with the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (NOX, apocynin (APO)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) (N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)), Src (Src kinase inhibitor II (Srci II)), Pyk2 (PF431396), protein kinase C (PKC)α (Gö6976), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (p38i) VIII, or c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)1/2 (SP600125) and transfection with their respective siRNAs. The transcription of the homx1 gene was enhanced by Nrf2 activated by JNK1/2 and p38α MAPK. The binding activity between Nrf2 and HO-1 promoter was attenuated by APO, NAC, Srci II, PF431396, or Gö6983. KPR-mediated NOX/ROS/c-Src/Pyk2/PKCα/p38α MAPK and JNK1/2 activate Nrf2 to bind with ARE on the HO-1 promoter and induce HO-1 expression, which further suppresses the LPS-mediated inflammation in HPAEpiCs. Thus, KPR exerts a potential strategy to protect against pulmonary inflammation via upregulation of the HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Fang Shih
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Rou-Ling Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Hui-Ching Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
- Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-220-53366 (ext. 2229)
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Camargo LL, Montezano AC, Hussain M, Wang Y, Zou Z, Rios FJ, Neves KB, Alves-Lopes R, Awan FR, Guzik TJ, Jensen T, Hartley RC, Touyz RM. Central role of c-Src in NOX5- mediated redox signalling in vascular smooth muscle cells in human hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1359-1373. [PMID: 34320175 PMCID: PMC8953456 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS NOX-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mediators of signalling pathways implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction in hypertension. Among the numerous redox-sensitive kinases important in VSMC regulation is c-Src. However, mechanisms linking NOX/ROS to c-Src are unclear, especially in the context of oxidative stress in hypertension. Here, we investigated the role of NOX-induced oxidative stress in VSMCs in human hypertension focusing on NOX5, and explored c-Src, as a putative intermediate connecting NOX5-ROS to downstream effector targets underlying VSMC dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS VSMC from arteries from normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) subjects were studied. NOX1,2,4,5 expression, ROS generation, oxidation/phosphorylation of signalling molecules, and actin polymerization and migration were assessed in the absence and presence of NOX5 (melittin) and Src (PP2) inhibitors. NOX5 and p22phox-dependent NOXs (NOX1-4) were down-regulated using NOX5 siRNA and p22phox-siRNA approaches. As proof of concept in intact vessels, vascular function was assessed by myography in transgenic mice expressing human NOX5 in a VSMC-specific manner. In HT VSMCs, NOX5 was up-regulated, with associated oxidative stress, hyperoxidation (c-Src, peroxiredoxin, DJ-1), and hyperphosphorylation (c-Src, PKC, ERK1/2, MLC20) of signalling molecules. NOX5 siRNA reduced ROS generation in NT and HT subjects. NOX5 siRNA, but not p22phox-siRNA, blunted c-Src phosphorylation in HT VSMCs. NOX5 siRNA reduced phosphorylation of MLC20 and FAK in NT and HT. In p22phox- silenced HT VSMCs, Ang II-induced phosphorylation of MLC20 was increased, effects blocked by melittin and PP2. NOX5 and c-Src inhibition attenuated actin polymerization and migration in HT VSMCs. In NOX5 transgenic mice, vascular hypercontractilty was decreased by melittin and PP2. CONCLUSION We define NOX5/ROS/c-Src as a novel feedforward signalling network in human VSMCs. Amplification of this system in hypertension contributes to VSMC dysfunction. Dampening the NOX5/ROS/c-Src pathway may ameliorate hypertension-associated vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia L Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Misbah Hussain
- Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorders Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Zhiguo Zou
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Karla B Neves
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Rheure Alves-Lopes
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Fazli R Awan
- Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorders Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, P.O. Box. 577, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Thomas Jensen
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard C Hartley
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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9
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5,8-Dihydroxy-4 , 7-dimethoxyflavone Attenuates TNF-α-Induced Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 through EGFR/PKCα/PI3K/Akt/Sp1-Dependent Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1372958. [PMID: 35281466 PMCID: PMC8916851 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1372958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we found that 5,8-dihydroxy-4
,7-dimethoxyflavone (DDF) upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (MAPK/Nrf2) pathway in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). However, the alternative processes by which DDF induces the upregulation of HO-1 expression are unknown. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and protein kinase C (PKC)α may initiate specificity protein (Sp)1 activity, which has been reported to induce expression of antioxidant molecules. Thus, we explored whether these components are engaged in DDF-induced HO-1 upregulation in HCFs. Western blotting, promoter-reporter analyses, and real-time polymerase chain reactions were adopted to measure HO-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expressions in HCFs. Respective small interfering (si)RNAs and pharmacological inhibitors were employed to investigate the signaling components engaged in DDF-induced HO-1 upregulation. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was conducted to detect the binding interaction of Sp1 and antioxidant response elements (ARE) on the promoter of HO-1. An adhesion assay of THP-1 monocyte was undertaken to examine the functional effect of HO-1 on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced VCAM-1 expression. DDF stimulated the EGFR/PKCα/PI3K/Akt pathway leading to activation of Sp1 in HCFs. The roles of these protein kinases in HO-1 induction were ensured by transfection with their respective siRNAs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed the interaction between Sp1 and the binding site of proximal ARE on the HO-1 promoter, which was abolished by glutathione, AG1478, Gö6976, LY294002, or mithramycin A. HO-1 expression enhanced by DDF abolished the monocyte adherence to HCFs and VCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-α. Pretreatment with an inhibitor of HO-1: zinc protoporphyrin IX reversed these inhibitory effects of HO-1. We concluded that DDF-induced HO-1 expression was mediated via an EGFR/PKCα/PI3K/Akt-dependent Sp1 pathway and attenuated the responses of inflammation in HCFs.
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10
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Mansouri A, Reiner Ž, Ruscica M, Tedeschi-Reiner E, Radbakhsh S, Bagheri Ekta M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant Effects of Statins by Modulating Nrf2 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in Different Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051313. [PMID: 35268403 PMCID: PMC8911353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are competitive inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and have been used to treat elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for almost four decades. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which are independent of the lipid-lowering effects of statins, i.e., their pleiotropic effects, might be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of many diseases. This review discusses the antioxidant effects of statins achieved by modulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2/ heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway in different organs and diseases. Nrf2 and other proteins involved in the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway have a crucial role in cellular responses to oxidative stress, which is a risk factor for ASCVD. Statins can significantly increase the DNA-binding activity of Nrf2 and induce the expression of its target genes, such as HO-1 and glutathione peroxidase) GPx, (thus protecting the cells against oxidative stress. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of statins, which are independent of their lipid-lowering effects, could be partly explained by the modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Eugenia Tedeschi-Reiner
- University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, University of Osijek, Vinogradska Cesta 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Shabnam Radbakhsh
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Mariam Bagheri Ekta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Correspondence: or
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11
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Pu Z, Shen C, Zhang W, Xie H, Wang W. Avenanthramide C from Oats Protects Pyroptosis through Dependent ROS-Induced Mitochondrial Damage by PI3K Ubiquitination and Phosphorylation in Pediatric Pneumonia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2339-2353. [PMID: 35119859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oat containing rich β-glucan, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and other substances shows good biological activities. Therefore, the present study aimed to uncover the possible mechanism and therapeutic effect of Avenanthramide C in lessening inflammatory responses in pediatric pneumonia. Pediatric pneumonia was induced by liposaccharide (LPS) for vivo model and vitro model. Macrophage was performed to determine the mechanism and effects of Avenanthramide C in pediatric pneumonia. NLRP3 activity participated in the effects of Avenanthramide C in pediatric pneumonia. Avenanthramide C induced p-PI3K and p-Akt expressions and reduced ubiquitination of PI3K expression in pediatric pneumonia. On the other hand, Avenanthramide C integrated serine at 821 sites of the PI3K protein function. Avenanthramide C reduced ROS (reactive oxygen species)-induced mitochondrial damage by PI3K/AKT function in a model of pediatric pneumonia. Avenanthramide C protects pyroptosis in a model of pediatric pneumonia by PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/ROS signaling. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Avenanthramide C protects pyroptosis through dependent ROS-induced mitochondrial damage by PI3K ubiquitination and phosphorylation in a model of pediatric pneumonia, suggesting its potential use for the treatment of pediatric pneumonia and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Pu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chaozhuang Shen
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second affiliated hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Wusan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
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12
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Deng Y, Zhang X, Chen F, Huang J, Zhang D, Luo J. HO-1 mediated by PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway is involved in (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-rescueing impaired cognitive function induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rat model. Exp Aging Res 2022; 48:428-443. [DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2021.2011689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Daijiang Zhang
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
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13
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Tang D, He WJ, Zhang ZT, Shi JJ, Wang X, Gu WT, Chen ZQ, Xu YH, Chen YB, Wang SM. Protective effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction on diabetic nephropathy through regulating AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and metabolic profiling in db/db mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153777. [PMID: 34815154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic complication that is the principal cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD) is widely used to treat diabetes clinically. However, the nephroprotective effects and potential mechanism of action of HLJDD against DN have not yet been fully elucidated. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of HLJDD in DN and elucidate its mechanisms in db/db mice. METHODS An integrated strategy of network pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, molecular biology, and metabolomics was used to reveal the mechanisms of HLJDD in the treatment of DN. First, network pharmacology was utilized to predict the possible pathways for DN using the absorbed ingredients of HLJDD in rat plasma in silico. Then, combined with histopathological examination, biochemical evaluation immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence assay, western blot analysis, and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS/MS-based metabolomics approach were applied to evaluate the efficacy of HLJDD against DN and its underlying mechanisms in vivo. RESULTS In silico, network pharmacology indicated that the AGEs/RAGE pathway was the most prominent pathway for HLJDD against DN. In vivo, HLJDD exerted protective effects against DN by ameliorating glycolipid metabolic disorders and kidney injury. Furthermore, we verified that HLJDD protected against DN by regulating the AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway for the first time. In addition, 22 potential biomarkers were identified in urine, including phenylalanine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, glucose metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HLJDD ameliorates DN by regulating the AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and metabolic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - You-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yun-Bo Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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14
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Wang D, Liu J, Jiang H. Triclosan regulates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway through the PI3K/Akt/JNK signaling cascade to induce oxidative damage in neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1953-1964. [PMID: 34160118 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, is recognized as an environmental endocrine disruptor. TCS has caused a wide range of environmental, water and soil pollution. TCS is also still detected in food. Due to its high lipophilicity and stability, TCS can enter the human body through biological enrichment and potentially threatenes human health. In recent years, the neurotoxic effects caused by TCS contamination have attracted increasing attention. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism underlying TCS-induced HT-22 cells injury and to explore the effect of TCS on the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in HT-22 cells. In this study, we examined the adverse effects of TCS treatment on ROS generation, and MDA, GSH-Px, and SOD activities. The expression levels of proteins in the Nrf2, PI3K/Akt, MAPK pathways and Caspase-3, BAX, Bcl-2 were measured and quantified by Western blotting. The results showed that TCS could significantly reduce the activity of HT-22 cells, increase the production of intracellular ROS and upregulate the expression of proapoptotic proteins. In addition, TCS promoted an increase in the MDA and SOD levels, and downregulated the GSH-Px activity, and oxidative damage occurred in neurons. The mechanism underlying this toxicity was related to TCS-induced PI3K/Akt/JNK-mediated regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This result was further confirmed by the specific inhibitors LY294002 and SP600125. In summary, TCS could induce oxidative damage in HT-22 neurons, and activation of the PI3K/Akt/JNK/ Nrf2 /HO-1 signaling cascade was the main mechanism underlying the TCS-induced HT-22 neuronal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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15
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Liu F, Fan LM, Geng L, Li JM. p47 phox-Dependent Oxidant Signalling through ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs in Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1363. [PMID: 34572995 PMCID: PMC8468498 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p47phox is a key regulatory subunit of Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase (Nox2) that by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, the signalling pathways of p47phox in the heart remains unclear. In this study, we used wild-type (WT) and p47phox knockout (KO) mice (C57BL/6, male, 7-month-old, n = 9) to investigate p47phox-dependent oxidant-signalling in AngII infusion (0.8 mg/kg/day, 14 days)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. AngII infusion resulted in remarkable high blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in WT mice. However, these AngII-induced pathological changes were significantly reduced in p47phox KO mice. In WT hearts, AngII infusion increased significantly the levels of superoxide production, the expressions of Nox subunits, the expression of PKCα and C-Src and the activation of ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), MKK3/6, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK signalling pathways together with an elevated expression of apoptotic markers, i.e., γH2AX and p53 in the cardiomyocytes. However, in the absence of p47phox, although PKCα expression was increased in the hearts after AngII infusion, there was no significant activation of ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs signalling pathways and no increase in apoptosis biomarker expression in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, p47phox-dependent redox-signalling through ASK1, MKK3/6 and MAPKs plays a crucial role in AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lampson M. Fan
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK;
| | - Li Geng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK; (F.L.); (L.G.)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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16
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Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecule-3 Enhances Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction via ROS-Dependent FoxO1 and Nrf2 in Brain Astrocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5521196. [PMID: 34194603 PMCID: PMC8214505 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5521196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) has been shown to protect inflammatory diseases via the upregulation of heme oxygenases-1 (HO-1). However, in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1), the mechanisms underlying CORM-3-induced HO-1 remain poorly defined. This study used western blot, real-time PCR, and promoter activity assays to determine the levels of HO-1 expression and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) and dihydroethidium (DHE) to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that CORM-3-induced HO-1 expression was mediated through ROS generation by Nox or mitochondria. The signaling components were differentiated by pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Subcellular fractions, immunofluorescent staining, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to evaluate the nuclear translocation and promoter binding activity of Nrf2 induced by CORM-3. The roles of mTOR and FoxO1 in CORM-3-stimulated responses are still unknown in RBA-1 cells. Our results demonstrated that transfection with siRNAs or pretreatment with pharmacological inhibitors attenuated the levels of HO-1 and phosphorylation of signaling components including Akt, mTOR, FoxO1, and Nrf2 stimulated by CORM-3. Moreover, pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, diphenyleneiodonium chloride, apocynin, or rotenone blocked nuclear translocation and promoter binding activity of Nrf2 induced by CORM-3. The present study concluded that in RBA-1 cells, CORM-3-induced HO-1 expression is, at least partially, mediated through Nox and mitochondria/ROS-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade to activate FoxO1 or ROS leading to activation of Nrf2 activity.
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17
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Yang CC, Yang CM. Chinese Herbs and Repurposing Old Drugs as Therapeutic Agents in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:657-687. [PMID: 33707963 PMCID: PMC7940992 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s293135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several pro-inflammatory factors and proteins have been characterized that are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma, induced by oxidative stress, cytokines, bacterial toxins, and viruses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers and are products of normal cellular metabolism. Under physiological conditions, ROS protect cells against oxidative stress through the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, which is important for proliferation, viability, cell activation, and organ function. However, overproduction of ROS is most frequently due to excessive stimulation of either the mitochondrial electron transport chain and xanthine oxidase or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α. NADPH oxidase activation and ROS overproduction could further induce numerous inflammatory target proteins that are potentially mediated via Nox/ROS-related transcription factors triggered by various intracellular signaling pathways. Thus, oxidative stress is considered important in pulmonary inflammatory processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that redox signals can induce pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Thus, therapeutic strategies directly targeting oxidative stress may be effective for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, drugs with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties may be beneficial to these diseases. Recent studies have suggested that traditional Chinese medicines, statins, and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor agonists could modulate inflammation-related signaling processes and may be beneficial for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. In particular, several herbal medicines have attracted attention for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we reviewed the pharmacological effects of these drugs to dissect how they induce host defense mechanisms against oxidative injury to combat pulmonary inflammation. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death can be protected via the induction of HO-1 by these drugs. The main objective of this review is to focus on Chinese herbs and old drugs to develop anti-inflammatory drugs able to induce HO-1 expression for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
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Luo X, Zeng H, Fang C, Zhang BH. N-acetylserotonin Derivative Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect by Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway in the Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:337-348. [PMID: 33222058 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the main causes of neonatal disability and death. As a derivative of N-acetylserotonin, N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl) ethyl]-2-oxopiperidine-3-carboxamide (HIOC) can easily cross the blood-brain barrier and have a long half-life in the brain. In this study, the hypothesis was verified that HIOC plays a neuroprotective role in the HIE model and its potential mechanism was evaluated. Firstly, an HIE rat model was established to deliver HIOC, revealing that it can reduce cerebral infarction volume, cerebral edema, and neuronal apoptosis. The results of immunofluorescence staining, Western blots and RT-PCR further showed that HIOC could inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the expression of related proteins. Finally, the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway by HIOC was verified in vitro and in vivo. It was discovered that HIOC could increase the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and that this induction can be reversed by the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002. In general terms, the neuroprotective effect of HIOC was confirmed in the HIE model, which is related to the activation of the Pi3k/Akt/Nrf2 signal pathway and the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Luo
- Departments of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ziyang Road Wuchang District, No. 99 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Honglan Zeng
- Departments of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ziyang Road Wuchang District, No. 99 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chengzhi Fang
- Departments of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ziyang Road Wuchang District, No. 99 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Bing-Hong Zhang
- Departments of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ziyang Road Wuchang District, No. 99 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Ammendola R, Parisi M, Esposito G, Cattaneo F. Pro-Resolving FPR2 Agonists Regulate NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Phosphorylation of HSP27, OSR1, and MARCKS and Activation of the Respective Upstream Kinases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010134. [PMID: 33477989 PMCID: PMC7835750 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, being activated either by pro-resolving or proinflammatory ligands. FPR2-associated signal transduction pathways result in phosphorylation of several proteins and in NADPH oxidase activation. We, herein, investigated molecular mechanisms underlying phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), oxidative stress responsive kinase 1 (OSR1), and myristolated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) elicited by the pro-resolving FPR2 agonists WKYMVm and annexin A1 (ANXA1). Methods: CaLu-6 cells or p22phoxCrispr/Cas9 double nickase CaLu-6 cells were incubated for 5 min with WKYMVm or ANXA1, in the presence or absence of NADPH oxidase inhibitors. Phosphorylation at specific serine residues of HSP27, OSR1, and MARCKS, as well as the respective upstream kinases activated by FPR2 stimulation was analysed. Results: Blockade of NADPH oxidase functions prevents WKYMVm- and ANXA1-induced HSP-27(Ser82), OSR1(Ser339) and MARCKS(Ser170) phosphorylation. Moreover, NADPH oxidase inhibitors prevent WKYMVm- and ANXA1-dependent activation of p38MAPK, PI3K and PKCδ, the kinases upstream to HSP-27, OSR1 and MARCKS, respectively. The same results were obtained in p22phoxCrispr/Cas9 cells. Conclusions: FPR2 shows an immunomodulatory role by regulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities and NADPH oxidase is a key regulator of inflammatory pathways. The activation of NADPH oxidase-dependent pro-resolving downstream signals suggests that FPR2 signalling and NADPH oxidase could represent novel targets for inflammation therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-2036; Fax: +39-081-746-4359
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20
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Induction of HO-1 by 5, 8-Dihydroxy-4',7-Dimethoxyflavone via Activation of ROS/p38 MAPK/Nrf2 Attenuates Thrombin-Induced Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1080168. [PMID: 33343802 PMCID: PMC7732388 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1080168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to exert as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme in cardiovascular inflammatory diseases. Flavonoids have been demonstrated to display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through the induction of HO-1. 5,8-Dihydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavone (DDF), one of the flavonoid compounds, is isolated from Reevesia formosana. Whether DDF induced HO-1 expression on human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) remained unknown. Here, we found that DDF time- and concentration-dependently induced HO-1 protein and mRNA expression, which was attenuated by pretreatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in HCFs. DDF-enhanced ROS generation was attenuated by NAC, but not by either diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI, Nox inhibitor) or MitoTempol (mitochondrial ROS scavenger). Interestingly, pretreatment with glutathione (GSH) inhibited DDF-induced HO-1 expression. The ratio of GSH/GSSG was time-dependently decreased in DDF-treated HCFs. DDF-induced HO-1 expression was attenuated by an inhibitor of p38 MAPK (p38i VIII) or siRNA, but not by MEK1/2 (PD98059) or JNK1/2 (SP600125). DDF-stimulated p38 MAPK phosphorylation was inhibited by GSH or p38i VIII. Moreover, DDF-induced HO-1 expression was mediated through Nrf2 phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus which was attenuated by NAC or p38 siRNA. DDF also stimulated antioxidant response element (ARE) promoter activity which was inhibited by NAC, GSH, or p38i VIII. Interaction between Nrf2 and the ARE-binding sites on the HO-1 promoter was revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, which was attenuated by NAC, GSH, or p38i VIII. We further evaluated the functional effect of HO-1 expression on the thrombin-induced fibrotic responses. Our result indicated that the induction of HO-1 by DDF can attenuate the thrombin-induced connective tissue growth factor expression. These results suggested that DDF-induced HO-1 expression is, at least, mediated through the activation of the ROS-dependent p38 MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in HCFs. Thus, the upregulation of HO-1 by DDF could be a candidate for the treatment of heart fibrosis.
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21
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Hirudin protects against isoproternol-induced myocardial infraction by alleviating oxidative via an Nrf2 dependent manner. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:425-435. [PMID: 32553970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of myocardial injury. Increasing evidence suggests that hiruidin can treat patients with cardio-injury. However, the mechanism of hirudin against myocardial infraction remains unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the potential role and mechanism of hirudin on both isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infraction (MI) in rats and Hypoxia-Reoxygenation model in H9C2 cells. Compared with the model group, hirudin apparently decreased the levels of myocardial Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alleviated myocardial histopathological changes induced by ISO injection. The underlying mechanisms were revealed by the following observations: Hirudin exerted its cardioprotective effect via restoring super oxide dismutase (SOD), attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). It induced the activation of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signal pathway through disrupting Keap1-Nrf2 complex, thus Nrf2 translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus to regulate Nrf2-dependent gene (HO-1, SOD) expressions. Furthermore, it should be noted that hirudin restored mitochondrial membrane potential in addition to cytochrome C-related apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Pudong, China
| | - Zhijun Min
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Pudong, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Pudong, China
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23
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Yang CM, Lin CC, Yang CC, Cho RL, Hsiao LD. Mevastatin-Induced AP-1-Dependent HO-1 Expression Suppresses Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression and Monocyte Adhesion on Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells Challenged with TNF-α. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030381. [PMID: 32121588 PMCID: PMC7175369 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevastatin (MVS) has been previously shown to induce heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression through Nox/ROS-dependent PDGFRα/PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/ARE axis in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs). However, alternative signaling pathways might involve in MVS-induced HO-1 expression. We found that tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) induced vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) expression and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation which were attenuated by pretreatment with MVS via up-regulation of HO-1, determined by Western blot and real-time qPCR. TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression was attenuated by an NF-κB inhibitor, Bay117082. The inhibitory effects of MVS were reversed by tin protoporphyrin (SnPP)IX (an inhibitor of HO-1 activity). In addition, pretreatment with the inhibitor of pan-Protein kinase C (PKC) (GF109203X), PKCα (Gö6983), Pyk2 (PF431396), p38α MAPK (SB202190), JNK1/2 (SP600125), or AP-1 (Tanshinone IIA), and transfection with their respective siRNAs abolished MVS-induced HO-1 expression in HPAEpiCs. c-Jun (one of AP-1 subunits) was activated by PKCα, Pyk2, p38α MAPK, and JNK1/2, which turned on the transcription of the homx1 gene. The interaction between c-Jun and HO-1 promoter was confirmed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, which was attenuated by these pharmacological inhibitors. These results suggested that MVS induces AP-1/HO-1 expression via PKCα/Pyk2/p38α MAPK- or JNK1/2-dependent c-Jun activation, which further binds with AP-1-binding site on HO-1 promoter and suppresses the TNFα-mediated inflammatory responses in HPAEpiCs. Thus, upregulation of the AP-1/HO-1 system by MVS exerts a potentially therapeutic strategy to protect against pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-L.C.); (L.-D.H.)
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22053366 (ext. 2229)
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Ling Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-L.C.); (L.-D.H.)
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-L.C.); (L.-D.H.)
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