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Cummings OW, Meléndez-Montañez JM, Naraine L, Yavuz Saricay L, El Helwe H, Solá-Del Valle D. Crystalline keratopathy following long-term netarsudil therapy. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2024; 35:102069. [PMID: 38799226 PMCID: PMC11126778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2024.102069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This case report highlights a possible association between netarsudil use and crystalline keratopathy. Observations Presented here is the case of a 72-year-old woman with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who developed corneal crystalline keratopathy after taking netarsudil for 24 months. The patient's medical history was significant for dry eye syndrome, bilateral ptosis with surgical repair, and atopy (including asthma and various ocular and systemic allergies). The patient had previously undergone surgical repair for bilateral ptosis as well. During the interval between two routine visits, this patient experienced worsening vision with associated eye irritation. Further examination revealed crystal deposits on the anterior corneal surface in the left eye, the only eye undergoing netarsudil treatment. Conclusions and importance Long-term netarsudil use may be associated with crystalline keratopathy in the anterior stroma, with the potential to cause sight-threatening vision loss if located in the visual axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leah Naraine
- Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye, and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leyla Yavuz Saricay
- Cornea Service, Massachusetts Eye, and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hani El Helwe
- Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye, and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Solá-Del Valle
- Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye, and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Bikuna-Izagirre M, Aldazabal J, Extramiana L, Moreno-Montañés J, Carnero E, Paredes J. Nanofibrous PCL-Based Human Trabecular Meshwork for Aqueous Humor Outflow Studies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6333-6344. [PMID: 37725561 PMCID: PMC10646841 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve, with the high intraocular pressure (IOP) being one of the main risk factors. The human trabecular meshwork (HTM), specifically the juxtacanalicular tissue (JCT), is responsible for placing resistance to the aqueous humor (AH) outflow and the resulting IOP control. Currently, the lack of a proper in vitro JCT model and the complexity of three-dimensional models impede advances in understanding the relationship between AH outflow and HTM degeneration. Therefore, we design an in vitro JCT model using a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold, which supports cells to recapitulate the functional JCT morphology and allow the study of outflow physiology. Mechanical and morphological characterizations of the electrospun membranes were performed, and human trabecular meshwork cells were seeded over the scaffolds. The engineered JCT was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunochemistry assays staining HTM cell markers and proteins. A pressure-sensitive perfusion system was constructed and used for the investigation of the outflow facility of the polymeric scaffold treated with dexamethasone (a glucocorticoid) and netarsudil (a novel IOP lowering the rho inhibitor). Cells in the in vitro model exhibited an HTM-like morphology, expression of myocilin, fibronectin, and collagen IV, genetic expression, outflow characteristics, and drug responsiveness. Altogether, the present work develops an in vitro JCT model to better understand HTM cell biology and the relationship between the AH outflow and the HTM and allow further drug screening of pharmacological agents that affect the trabecular outflow facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bikuna-Izagirre
- University
of Navarra, TECNUN School of Engineering, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- University
of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Aldazabal
- University
of Navarra, TECNUN School of Engineering, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- University
of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra
Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leire Extramiana
- Departamento
de Oftalmología Clínica, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pio XII, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Moreno-Montañés
- Departamento
de Oftalmología Clínica, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pio XII, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Carnero
- Departamento
de Oftalmología Clínica, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pio XII, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Paredes
- University
of Navarra, TECNUN School of Engineering, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- University
of Navarra, Biomedical Engineering Center, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra
Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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3
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Nemoto H, Honjo M, Arai S, Miyazaki T, Aihara M. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages/CD5L enhances phagocytosis in the trabecular meshwork cells and regulates ocular hypertension. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2451-2467. [PMID: 37584382 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The trabecular meshwork (TM) cells of the eye are important for controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) and regulating outflow resistance in the aqueous humor. TM cells can remove particles and cellular debris by phagocytosis, decreasing both outflow resistance and IOP. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigate whether apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM), which mediates the removal of dead cells and debris in renal tubular epithelial cells, regulates the phagocytic capacity of TM cells. In vitro experiments revealed that CD36, the main receptor for AIM, colocalized with AIM in human TM cells; additionally, phagocytosis was stimulated when AIM was provided. Furthermore, in a mouse model with transient IOP elevation induced by laser iridotomy (LI), removal of accumulated iris pigment epithelial cells or debris in the TM and recovery of IOP to baseline levels were delayed in AIM-/- mice, compared with control mice. However, treatment with AIM eyedrops rescued AIM-/- mice from the elevated IOP after LI. Since AIM is a protein known to inhibit macrophage apoptosis, we additionally verified its involvement in macrophage removal of cellular debris and IOP. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of macrophages between control mice and AIM-/- mice in the TM. Additionally, we confirmed the rescue effect of the rAIM eyedrops after macrophages had been removed by clodronate liposomes. Therefore, AIM plays an important role in regulating the phagocytic capacity of TM cells, thereby affecting outflow resistance. Our results suggest that drugs targeting the phagocytic capacity of TM cells via the AIM-CD36 pathway may be used to treat glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hotaka Nemoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Honjo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Arai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Institute for AIM Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Institute for AIM Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Bagué T, Singh A, Ghosh R, Yoo H, Kelly C, deLong MA, Kopczynski CC, Herberg S. Effects of Netarsudil-Family Rho Kinase Inhibitors on Human Trabecular Meshwork Cell Contractility and Actin Remodeling Using a Bioengineered ECM Hydrogel. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:948397. [PMID: 38983571 PMCID: PMC11182288 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.948397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and their extracellular matrix (ECM) are critical for normal outflow function in the healthy eye. Multifactorial dysregulation of the TM is the principal cause of elevated intraocular pressure that is strongly associated with glaucomatous vision loss. Key characteristics of the diseased TM are pathologic contraction and actin stress fiber assembly, contributing to overall tissue stiffening. Among first-line glaucoma medications, the Rho-associated kinase inhibitor (ROCKi) netarsudil is known to directly target the stiffened TM to improve outflow function via tissue relaxation involving focal adhesion and actin stress fiber disassembly. Yet, no in vitro studies have explored the effect of netarsudil on human TM (HTM) cell contractility and actin remodeling in a 3D ECM environment. Here, we use our bioengineered HTM cell-encapsulated ECM hydrogel to investigate the efficacy of different netarsudil-family ROCKi compounds on reversing pathologic contraction and actin stress fibers. Netarsudil and all related experimental ROCKi compounds exhibited significant ROCK1/2 inhibitory and focal adhesion disruption activities. Furthermore, all ROCKi compounds displayed potent contraction-reversing effects on HTM hydrogels upon glaucomatous induction in a dose-dependent manner, relatively consistent with their biochemical/cellular inhibitory activities. At their tailored EC50 levels, netarsudil-family ROCKi compounds exhibited distinct effect signatures of reversing pathologic HTM hydrogel contraction and actin stress fibers, independent of the cell strain used. Netarsudil outperformed the experimental ROCKi compounds in support of its clinical status. In contrast, at uniform EC50-levels using netarsudil as reference, all ROCKi compounds performed similarly. Collectively, our data suggest that netarsudil exhibits high potency to rescue HTM cell pathobiology in a tissue-mimetic 3D ECM microenvironment, solidifying the utility of our bioengineered hydrogel model as a viable screening platform to further our understanding of TM pathophysiology in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Bagué
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Ayushi Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Rajanya Ghosh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Hannah Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Curtis Kelly
- Aerie Pharmaceuticals Inc., Durham, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Samuel Herberg
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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5
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Peng M, Rayana NP, Dai J, Sugali CK, Baidouri H, Suresh A, Raghunathan VK, Mao W. Cross-linked actin networks (CLANs) affect stiffness and/or actin dynamics in transgenic transformed and primary human trabecular meshwork cells. Exp Eye Res 2022; 220:109097. [PMID: 35569518 PMCID: PMC11029344 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked actin networks (CLANs) in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells may contribute to increased IOP by altering TM cell function and stiffness. However, there is a lack of direct evidence. Here, we developed transformed TM cells that form spontaneous fluorescently labelled CLANs. The stable cells were constructed by transducing transformed glaucomatous TM (GTM3) cells with the pLenti-LifeAct-EGFP-BlastR lentiviral vector and selection with blasticidin. The stiffness of the GTM3-LifeAct-GFP cells were studied using atomic force microscopy. Elastic moduli of CLANs in primary human TM cells treated with/without dexamethasone/TGFβ2 were also measured to validate findings in GTM3-LifeAct-GFP cells. Live-cell imaging was performed on GTM3-LifeAct-GFP cells treated with 1 μM latrunculin B or pHrodo bioparticles to determine actin stability and phagocytosis, respectively. The GTM3-LifeAct-GFP cells formed spontaneous CLANs without the induction of TGFβ2 or dexamethasone. The CLAN containing cells showed elevated cell stiffness, resistance to latrunculin B-induced actin depolymerization, as well as compromised phagocytosis, compared to the cells without CLANs. Primary human TM cells with dexamethasone or TGFβ2-induced CLANs were also stiffer and less phagocytic. The GTM3-LifeAct-GFP cells are a novel tool for studying the mechanobiology and pathology of CLANs in the TM. Initial characterization of these cells showed that CLANs contribute to at least some glaucomatous phenotypes of TM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Naga Pradeep Rayana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jiannong Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chenna Kesavulu Sugali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hasna Baidouri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayush Suresh
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; St. John's School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vijay Krishna Raghunathan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiming Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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6
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Aaltonen N, Kyykallio H, Tollis S, Capra J, Hartikainen JM, Matilainen J, Oikari S, Rilla K. MCF10CA Breast Cancer Cells Utilize Hyaluronan-Coated EV-Rich Trails for Coordinated Migration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:869417. [PMID: 35574334 PMCID: PMC9091308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.869417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion of tumor cells through the stroma is coordinated in response to migratory cues provided by the extracellular environment. One of the most abundant molecules in the tumor microenvironment is hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan known to promote many hallmarks of tumor progression, including the migratory potential of tumor cells. Strikingly, hyaluronan is also often found to coat extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from plasma membrane tentacles of tumor cells crucial for migration, such as filopodia, and are abundant in tumor niches. Thus, it is possible that hyaluronan and hyaluronan-coated EVs have a cooperative role in promoting migration. In this work, we compared the hyaluronan synthesis, EV secretion and migratory behavior of normal and aggressive breast cell lines from MCF10 series. Single live cell confocal imaging, electron microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy experiments revealed that migrating tumor cells form EV-rich and hyaluronan -coated trails. These trails promote the pathfinding behavior of follower cells, which is dependent on hyaluronan. Specifically, we demonstrated that plasma membrane protrusions and EVs left behind by tumor cells during migration are strongly positive for CD9. Single cell tracking demonstrated a leader-follower behavior, which was significantly decreased upon removal of pericellular hyaluronan, indicating that hyaluronan promotes the pathfinding behavior of follower cells. Chick chorioallantoic membrane assays in ovo suggest that tumor cells behave similarly in 3D conditions. This study strengthens the important role of extracellular matrix production and architecture in coordinated tumor cell movements and validates the role of EVs as important components and regulators of tumor matrix. The results suggest that tumor cells can modify the extracellular niche by forming trails, which they subsequently follow coordinatively. Future studies will clarify in more detail the orchestrated role of hyaluronan, EVs and other extracellular cues in coordinated migration and pathfinding behavior of follower cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Aaltonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyykallio
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sylvain Tollis
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janne Capra
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Matilainen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Oikari
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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7
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Yang YF, Sun YY, Peters DM, Keller KE. The Effects of Mechanical Stretch on Integrins and Filopodial-Associated Proteins in Normal and Glaucomatous Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886706. [PMID: 35573666 PMCID: PMC9100841 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The trabecular meshwork (TM) is the tissue responsible for regulating aqueous humor fluid egress from the anterior eye. If drainage is impaired, intraocular pressure (IOP) becomes elevated, which is a primary risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma. TM cells sense elevated IOP via changes in their biomechanical environment. Filopodia cellular protrusions and integrin transmembrane proteins may play roles in detecting IOP elevation, yet this has not been studied in detail in the TM. Here, we investigate integrins and filopodial proteins, such as myosin-X (Myo10), in response to mechanical stretch, an in vitro technique that produces mechanical alterations mimicking elevated IOP. Pull-down assays showed Myo10 binding to α5 but not the β1 subunit, αvβ3, and αvβ5 integrins. Several of these integrins colocalized in nascent adhesions in the filopodial tip and shaft. Using conformation-specific antibodies, we found that β1 integrin, but not α5 or αvβ3 integrins, were activated following 1-h mechanical stretch. Cadherin -11 (CDH11), a cell adhesion molecule, did not bind to Myo10, but was associated with filopodia. Interestingly, CDH11 was downregulated on the TM cell surface following 1-h mechanical stretch. In glaucoma cells, CDH11 protein levels were increased. Finally, mechanical stretch caused a small, yet significant increase in Myo10 protein levels in glaucoma cells, but did not affect cellular communication of fluorescent vesicles via filopodia-like tunneling nanotubes. Together, these data suggest that TM cell adhesion proteins, β1 integrin and CDH11, have relatively rapid responses to mechanical stretch, which suggests a central role in sensing changes in IOP elevation in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Ying Ying Sun
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Donna M. Peters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kate E. Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States,*Correspondence: Kate E. Keller,
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8
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Rilla K. Diverse plasma membrane protrusions act as platforms for extracellular vesicle shedding. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12148. [PMID: 34533887 PMCID: PMC8448080 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane curvature is an important factor in the regulation of cellular phenotype and is critical for various cellular activities including the shedding of extracellular vesicles (EV). One of the most striking morphological features of cells is different plasma membrane-covered extensions supported by actin core such as filopodia and microvilli. Despite the various functions of these extensions are partially unexplained, they are known to facilitate many crucial cellular functions such as migration, adhesion, absorption, and secretion. Due to the rapid increase in the research activity of EVs, there is raising evidence that one of the general features of cellular plasma membrane protrusions is to act as specialized platforms for the budding of EVs. This review will focus on early observations and recent findings supporting this hypothesis, discuss the putative budding and shedding mechanisms of protrusion-derived EVs and their biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of BiomedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
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