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Su D, Eliason S, Sun Z, Shao F, Amendt BA. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (Whsc1) methyltransferase signals via a Pitx2-miR-23/24 axis to effect tooth development. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105324. [PMID: 37806494 PMCID: PMC10656234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a developmental disorder attributed to a partial deletion on the short arm of chromosome 4. WHS patients suffer from oral manifestations including cleft lip and palate, hypodontia, and taurodontism. WHS candidate 1 (WHSC1) gene is a H3K36-specific methyltransferase that is deleted in every reported case of WHS. Mutation in this gene also results in tooth anomalies in patients. However, the correlation between genetic abnormalities and the tooth anomalies has remained controversial. In our study, we aimed to clarify the role of WHSC1 in tooth development. We profiled the Whsc1 expression pattern during mouse incisor and molar development by immunofluorescence staining and found Whsc1 expression is reduced as tooth development proceeds. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase assays, we determined that Whsc1 and Pitx2, the initial transcription factor involved in tooth development, positively and reciprocally regulate each other through their gene promoters. miRNAs are known to regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally during development. We previously reported miR-23a/b and miR-24-1/2 were highly expressed in the mature tooth germ. Interestingly, we demonstrate here that these two miRs directly target Whsc1 and repress its expression. Additionally, this miR cluster is also negatively regulated by Pitx2. We show the expression of these two miRs and Whsc1 are inversely correlated during mouse mandibular development. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the potential role of Whsc1 in regulating tooth development and a possible molecular mechanism underlying the dental defects in WHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Steve Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Zhao Sun
- College of Medicine, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Fan Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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Popescu D, Marian D, Zeleniuc M, Samoila C, Belengeanu V. Features of the Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (WHS) from Infant to Young Teenager. Balkan J Med Genet 2023; 26:75-82. [PMID: 37576793 PMCID: PMC10413881 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a rare condition caused by terminal deletions, of variable size, in the short arm of chromosome 4. The syndrome displays the combination of typical morphological facial variations, intellectual disability, language delay, and various malformations. This report describes the clinical aspect and developmental evolution of a male patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, from infancy to adolescence. The patient was first examined and diagnosed at 11 months, with follow-up at the ages of 4 and 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.E. Popescu
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Neonatology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
- Department of Neonatology, Première Hospital Timișoara – “Regina Maria” Health Network, Timișoara, Romania
| | - D. Marian
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine – “Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, Romania
| | - M. Zeleniuc
- Department of Medical Genetics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ch. Samoila
- Dental Office Dr Samoila Christian, Timişoara, Romania
| | - V. Belengeanu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of General Medicine, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University of Arad, Romania
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Serrano Martín C, Fernández Feijoo J, García Mato E, Varela Aneiros I, Diniz Freitas M, Vázquez García E, Limeres Posse J. "A practical approach to dental care for patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome". SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:137-142. [PMID: 34538003 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a polymalformative chromosomal disorder caused by a deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4. The disease is considered rare (1/50,000 births) and predominantly affects females (2:1). In addition to the characteristic facial phenotype ("Greek warrior helmet"), its clinical manifestations include epilepsy, developmental and psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, cardiac and respiratory complications, and eating problems. The most prevalent oral manifestations are hypodontia, delayed tooth eruption, morphological dental abnormalities, dental malocclusions, cleft lip/palate and ogival palate. Based on our clinical experience, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome does not represent an absolute contraindication for any type of dental procedure. The feasibility of dental treatment will depend mainly on the degree of epilepsy control and on the level of collaboration, this latter conditioned by the severity of the intellectual disability and communication difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela Serrano Martín
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández Feijoo
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eliane García Mato
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iván Varela Aneiros
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcio Diniz Freitas
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Jacobo Limeres Posse
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Gavril EC, Luca AC, Curpan AS, Popescu R, Resmerita I, Panzaru MC, Butnariu LI, Gorduza EV, Gramescu M, Rusu C. Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical and Genetic Study of 7 New Cases, and Mini Review. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8090751. [PMID: 34572183 PMCID: PMC8471045 DOI: 10.3390/children8090751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS), a rare disorder determined by distal 4p deletion, is characterized by a pre and postnatal growth retardation, hypotonia, intellectual disability, epilepsy, craniofacial dysmorphism, and congenital fusion anomalies. The clinical aspects are dependent on the deletion’ size. Our aim was to identify rare specific characteristics in a cohort of seven cases with 4p deletion and to assess the utility of Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) (cheap and sensitive test)—combined kits—as a diagnostic test and selection tool for cases that require other investigations (chromosomal microarray analysis—CMA, karyotype). For all cases we conducted a clinical examination with the main features identified: facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, postnatal development delay, cardiac defects and hypotonia. In some cases, we observed seizures, structural brain abnormalities, immunodeficiencies, and renal anomalies. Prenatal growth retardation was detected in a relatively small number of cases, but postnatal growth failure was a constant feature. In all cases, the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by genetic analyses: karyotype and/or MLPA. In conclusion, renal and brain defects, as well as immunodeficiency are rare manifestations and should be looked for. Although CMA is the standard test, in our experience, MLPA is also a reliable screening method as the identified cases were either confirmed by MLPA or selected for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Cristiana Gavril
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Alina Costina Luca
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- “St. Mary” Children’s Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, No 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.C.L.); (A.-S.C.)
| | - Alexandrina-Stefania Curpan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.C.L.); (A.-S.C.)
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
- “St. Mary” Children’s Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, No 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Resmerita
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Monica Cristina Panzaru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
- “St. Mary” Children’s Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, No 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lacramioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
- “St. Mary” Children’s Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, No 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Mihaela Gramescu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Cristina Rusu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (E.-C.G.); (R.P.); (I.R.); (M.C.P.); (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.); (M.G.); (C.R.)
- “St. Mary” Children’s Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, No 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania
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