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Cheng CT, Vyas PS, McClain EJ, Hoelen TCA, Arts JJC, McLaughlin C, Altman DT, Yu AK, Cheng BC. The Osteogenic Peptide P-15 for Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review of the Evidence for a Mechanism of Action. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:599. [PMID: 38927835 PMCID: PMC11200470 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex multicellular process involving the recruitment and attachment of osteoprogenitors and their subsequent differentiation into osteoblasts that deposit extracellular matrixes. There is a growing demand for synthetic bone graft materials that can be used to augment these processes to enhance the healing of bone defects resulting from trauma, disease or surgery. P-15 is a small synthetic peptide that is identical in sequence to the cell-binding domain of type I collagen and has been extensively demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to enhance the adhesion, differentiation and proliferation of stem cells involved in bone formation. These events can be categorized into three phases: attachment, activation and amplification. This narrative review summarizes the large body of preclinical research on P-15 in terms of these phases to describe the mechanism of action by which P-15 improves bone formation. Knowledge of this mechanism of action will help to inform the use of P-15 in clinical practice as well as the development of methods of delivering P-15 that optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper T. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Praveer S. Vyas
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Edward James McClain
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Thomáy-Claire Ayala Hoelen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Jacobus Johannes Chris Arts
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Colin McLaughlin
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Daniel T. Altman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Alexander K. Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Boyle C. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
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2
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Stellpflug A, Walls J, Hansen C, Joshi A, Wang B. From bone to nanoparticles: development of a novel generation of bone derived nanoparticles for image guided orthopedic regeneration. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38856671 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, metastatic bone cancer, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease, are primarily treated with pharmacologic therapies that often exhibit limited efficacy and substantial side effects. Bone injuries or fractures are primarily repaired with biocompatible materials that produce mixed results in sufficiently regenerating healthy and homogenous bone tissue. Each of these bone conditions, both localized and systemic, use different strategies with the same goal of achieving a healthy and homeostatic bone environment. In this study, we developed a new type of bone-based nanoparticle (BPs) using the entire organic extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized porcine bone, additionally encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for an in vivo monitoring capability. Utilizing the regenerative capability of bone ECM and the functionality of nanoparticles, the ICG encapsulated BPs (ICG/BPs) have been demonstrated to be utilized as a therapeutic option for localized and systemic orthopedic conditions. Additionally, ICG enables an in situ monitoring capability in the Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) spectrum, capturing the degradation or the biodistribution of the ICG/BPs after both local implantation and intravenous administration, respectively. The efficacy and safety of the ICG/BPs shown within this study lay the foundation for future investigations, which will delve into optimization for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Stellpflug
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Jacob Walls
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Christopher Hansen
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Amit Joshi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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3
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Kapat K, Kumbhakarn S, Sable R, Gondane P, Takle S, Maity P. Peptide-Based Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:313. [PMID: 38397915 PMCID: PMC10887361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The healing of osteochondral defects (OCDs) that result from injury, osteochondritis, or osteoarthritis and bear lesions in the cartilage and bone, pain, and loss of joint function in middle- and old-age individuals presents challenges to clinical practitioners because of non-regenerative cartilage and the limitations of current therapies. Bioactive peptide-based osteochondral (OC) tissue regeneration is becoming more popular because it does not have the immunogenicity, misfolding, or denaturation problems associated with original proteins. Periodically, reviews are published on the regeneration of bone and cartilage separately; however, none of them addressed the simultaneous healing of these tissues in the complicated heterogeneous environment of the osteochondral (OC) interface. As regulators of cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and antibacterial activity, potential therapeutic strategies for OCDs utilizing bone and cartilage-specific peptides should be examined and investigated. The main goal of this review was to study how they contribute to the healing of OCDs, either alone or in conjunction with other peptides and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausik Kapat
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sakshi Kumbhakarn
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Sable
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Prashil Gondane
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shruti Takle
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritiprasanna Maity
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Azaman FA, Brennan Fournet ME, Sheikh Ab Hamid S, Zawawi MSF, da Silva Junior VA, Devine DM. Enhancement of Scaffold In Vivo Biodegradability for Bone Regeneration Using P28 Peptide Formulations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:876. [PMID: 37375823 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of bone tissue engineering has shown a great variety of bone graft substitute materials under development to date, with the aim to reconstruct new bone tissue while maintaining characteristics close to the native bone. Currently, insufficient scaffold degradation remains the critical limitation for the success of tailoring the bone formation turnover rate. This study examines novel scaffold formulations to improve the degradation rate in vivo, utilising chitosan (CS), hydroxyapatite (HAp) and fluorapatite (FAp) at different ratios. Previously, the P28 peptide was reported to present similar, if not better performance in new bone production to its native protein, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), in promoting osteogenesis in vivo. Therefore, various P28 concentrations were incorporated into the CS/HAp/FAp scaffolds for implantation in vivo. H&E staining shows minimal scaffold traces in most of the defects induced after eight weeks, showing the enhanced biodegradability of the scaffolds in vivo. The HE stain highlighted the thickened periosteum indicating a new bone formation in the scaffolds, where CS/HAp/FAp/P28 75 µg and CS/HAp/FAp/P28 150 µg showed the cortical and trabecular thickening. CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 P28 150 µg scaffolds showed a higher intensity of calcein green label with the absence of xylenol orange label, which indicates that mineralisation and remodelling was not ongoing four days prior to sacrifice. Conversely, double labelling was observed in the CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 P28 25 µg and CS/HAp/FAp/P28 75 µg, which indicates continued mineralisation at days ten and four prior to sacrifice. Based on the HE and fluorochrome label, CS/HAp/FAp 1:1 with P28 peptides presented a consistent positive osteoinduction following the implantation in the femoral condyle defects. These results show the ability of this tailored formulation to improve the scaffold degradation for bone regeneration and present a cost-effective alternative to BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Alwani Azaman
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon (TUS), N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzina Sheikh Ab Hamid
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Syahrul Fitri Zawawi
- Tissue Bank, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | | | - Declan M Devine
- PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon (TUS), N37 HD68 Athlone, Ireland
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Xu Z, Wang C, Song G, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li X. Covalent binding modes between BMP-2-derived peptides and graphene in 3D scaffolds determine their osteoinductivity and capacity for calvarial defect repair in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124077. [PMID: 36934820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Covalent introduction of bioactive molecules is one of main strategies to significantly enhance the biological activities of bone repair materials. In this study, three most-commonly used chemical groups were respectively introduced on graphene (GP), followed by covalent binding with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) -derived peptides, ensuring that the same molar mass of peptides was bound to different functionalized GP (f-GP). Then the same amount of composites composed of different f-GP and peptides were respectively compounded with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) to fabricate 3D scaffolds. In vivo study demonstrated that the scaffolds containing ammonized GP covalently bound with the peptides through amide binding could reach best efficiency of promoting ectopic bone regeneration and repairing calvarial defect probably because the most positive charges on the peptide chain and surface of the ammonized GP could absorb more specific proteins in vivo and have better interactions with them, thereby differentiating most inducible cells into osteogenic cells. Our results indicate that the performances of scaffolds containing covalently bound bioactive molecules can be controlled by the covalent binding mode, and that our prepared scaffold containing ammonized GP covalently bound with the BMP-2-derived peptides through amide binding possess inspiring potential applicable prospects for bone tissue regeneration and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Xu
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Cunyang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guiqin Song
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
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6
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Syeddan SA. Research Methodology and Mechanisms of Action of Current Orthopaedic Implant Coatings. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2023; 33:51-66. [PMID: 36734927 DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2022040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Orthopedic implants are crucial interventions that are gaining greater importance in modern medicine to restore function to commonly affected joints. Each implantation carries the risk of implant-associated infection and loosening of the implant due to improper integration with soft tissue. Coating strategies have been developed to aid the growth of bone into the implant (osteointegration) and prevent biofilm formation to avoid infection. In this review, primary articles highlighting recent developments and advancements in orthopedic implant coating will be presented. Additionally, the methodology of the articles will be critiqued based on this research criteria: establishment of function on a theoretical basis, validation of coating function, and potential next steps/improvements based on results. A theoretical basis based on understanding the mechanisms at play of these various coatings allows for systems to be developed to tackle the tasks of osteointegration, subversion of infection, and avoidance of cytotoxicity. The current state of research methodology in coating design focuses too heavily on either osteointegration or the prevention of infection, thus, future development in medical implant coating needs to investigate the creation of a coating that accomplishes both tasks. Additionally, next steps and improvements to systems need to be better highlighted to move forward when problems arise within a system. Research currently showcasing new coatings is performed primarily in vitro and in vivo. More clinical trials need to be performed to highlight long-term sustainability, the structural integrity, and the safety of the implant.
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Wu T, Wu Y, Cao Z, Zhao L, Lv J, Li J, Xu Y, Zhang P, Liu X, Sun Y, Cheng M, Tang K, Jiang X, Ling C, Yao Q, Zhu Y. Cell-free and cytokine-free self-assembling peptide hydrogel-polycaprolactone composite scaffolds for segmental bone defects. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:840-853. [PMID: 36512317 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01609e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Segmental bone defects over the self-healing threshold are a major challenge for orthopedics. Despite the advancements in clinical practice, traditional tissue engineering methods are limited by the addition of heterogeneous cells and cytokines, leading to carcinoma or other adverse effects. Here, we present a cell-free and cytokine-free strategy using an ECM-mimetic self-assembling peptide hydrogel (SAPH)- polycaprolactone (PCL) composite scaffold. The hydrophilic SAPH endows the rigid PCL scaffold with excellent biocompatibility and preference for osteogenesis induction. The autologous cells around the bone defect site immediately grew, proliferated, and secreted ECM and cytokines after contacting the implanted SAPH-PCL composite scaffold, and the bone repair of rabbit ulnar segmental bone defect was achieved in just six months. Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals that the SAPH-PCL composite scaffold accelerates osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis with moderate immune responses and negligible effects on pathological fibrosis. These findings have important implications for the potential clinical applications of the SAPH-PCL composite scaffold in patients with segmental bone defects and identify the mechanisms of action for accelerated segmental bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yilun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhicheng Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lulu Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayi Lv
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Po Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuzhi Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kexin Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yishen Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
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Bioresorbable Chitosan-Based Bone Regeneration Scaffold Using Various Bioceramics and the Alteration of Photoinitiator Concentration in an Extended UV Photocrosslinking Reaction. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110696. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an ongoing field of research based on clinical needs to treat delayed and non-union long bone fractures. An ideal tissue engineering scaffold should have a biodegradability property matching the rate of new bone turnover, be non-toxic, have good mechanical properties, and mimic the natural extracellular matrix to induce bone regeneration. In this study, biodegradable chitosan (CS) scaffolds were prepared with combinations of bioactive ceramics, namely hydroxyapatite (HAp), tricalcium phosphate-α (TCP- α), and fluorapatite (FAp), with a fixed concentration of benzophenone photoinitiator (50 µL of 0.1% (w/v)) and crosslinked using a UV curing system. The efficacy of the one-step crosslinking reaction was assessed using swelling and compression testing, SEM and FTIR analysis, and biodegradation studies in simulated body fluid. Results indicate that the scaffolds had comparable mechanical properties, which were: 13.69 ± 1.06 (CS/HAp), 12.82 ± 4.10 (CS/TCP-α), 13.87 ± 2.9 (CS/HAp/TCP-α), and 15.55 ± 0.56 (CS/FAp). Consequently, various benzophenone concentrations were added to CS/HAp formulations to determine their effect on the degradation rate. Based on the mechanical properties and degradation profile of CS/HAp, it was found that 5 µL of 0.1% (w/v) benzophenone resulted in the highest degradation rate at eight weeks (54.48% degraded), while maintaining compressive strength between (4.04 ± 1.49 to 10.17 ± 4.78 MPa) during degradation testing. These results indicate that incorporating bioceramics with a suitable photoinitiator concentration can tailor the biodegradability and load-bearing capacity of the scaffolds.
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Cassari L, Brun P, Di Foggia M, Taddei P, Zamuner A, Pasquato A, De Stefanis A, Valentini V, Saceleanu VM, Rau JV, Dettin M. Mn-Containing Bioactive Glass-Ceramics: BMP-2-Mimetic Peptide Covalent Grafting Boosts Human-Osteoblast Proliferation and Mineral Deposition. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:4647. [PMID: 35806763 PMCID: PMC9267458 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of Mn in bioceramic formulation is gaining interest in the field of bone implants. Mn activates human osteoblast (h-osteoblast) integrins, enhancing cell proliferation with a dose-dependent effect, whereas Mn-enriched glasses induce inhibition of Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. In an effort to further optimize Mn-containing scaffolds' beneficial interaction with h-osteoblasts, a selective and specific covalent functionalization with a bioactive peptide was carried out. The anchoring of a peptide, mapped on the BMP-2 wrist epitope, to the scaffold was performed by a reaction between an aldehyde group of the peptide and the aminic groups of silanized Mn-containing bioceramic. SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and Raman studies confirmed the presence of the peptide grafted onto the scaffold. In in vitro assays, a significant improvement in h-osteoblast proliferation, gene expression, and calcium salt deposition after 7 days was detected in the functionalized Mn-containing bioceramic compared to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cassari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Michele Di Foggia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Paola Taddei
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonella Pasquato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Adriana De Stefanis
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Montelibretti Unit, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Veronica Valentini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Montelibretti Unit, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (V.V.)
| | | | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Build. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
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Wu J, Yang J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yu H, Han J, Zhang J. Biocompatible Coating on Micro‐structured Titanium Implants with Enhanced Osteogenesis to Facilitate Bone‐implant Integration. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Wu
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Yanduo Wang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Implantology Tianjin Stomatological Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300041 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction Tianjin 300041 China
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11
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Bioactive Cellulose Acetate Electrospun Mats as Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Int J Biomater 2022; 2022:3255039. [PMID: 35154326 PMCID: PMC8837436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3255039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, cell-based approaches for bone tissue engineering (BTE) have relied on using models that cannot replicate the complexity of the bone microenvironment. There is an ongoing amount of research on scaffold development responding to the need for feasible materials that can mimic the bone extracellular matrix (ECM) and aid bone tissue regeneration (BTR). In this work, a porous cellulose acetate (CA) fiber mat was developed using the electrospinning technique and the mats were chemically modified to bioactivate their surface and promote osteoconduction and osteoinduction. The mats were characterized using FTIR and SEM/EDS to validate the chemical modifications and assess their structural integrity. By coupling adhesive peptides KRSR, RGD, and growth factor BMP-2, the fiber mats were bioactivated, and their induced biological responses were evaluated by employing immunocytochemical (ICC) techniques to study the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of premature osteoblast cells (hFOB 1.19). The biological assessment revealed that at short culturing periods of 48 hours and 7 days, the presence of the peptides was significant for proliferation and adhesion, whereas at longer culture times of 14 days, it had no significant effect on differentiation and maturation of the osteogenic progenitor cells. Based on the obtained results, it is thus concluded that the CA porous fiber mats provide a promising surface morphology that is both biocompatible and can be rendered bioactive upon the addition of osteogenic peptides to favor osteoconduction leading to new tissue formation.
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Chitosan Covalently Functionalized with Peptides Mapped on Vitronectin and BMP-2 for Bone Tissue Engineering. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112784. [PMID: 34835549 PMCID: PMC8622029 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, over 20 million patients suffer from bone disorders annually. Bone scaffolds are designed to integrate into host tissue without causing adverse reactions. Recently, chitosan, an easily available natural polymer, has been considered a suitable scaffold for bone tissue growth as it is a biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic material with antimicrobial activity and osteoinductive capacity. In this work, chitosan was covalently and selectively biofunctionalized with two suitably designed bioactive synthetic peptides: a Vitronectin sequence (HVP) and a BMP-2 peptide (GBMP1a). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) investigations highlighted the presence of the peptides grafted to chitosan (named Chit-HVP and Chit-GBMP1a). Chit-HVP and Chit-GBMP1a porous scaffolds promoted human osteoblasts adhesion, proliferation, calcium deposition, and gene expression of three crucial osteoblast proteins. In particular, Chit-HVP highly promoted adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts, while Chit-GBMP1a guided cell differentiation towards osteoblastic phenotype.
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Commercial Bone Grafts Claimed as an Alternative to Autografts: Current Trends for Clinical Applications in Orthopaedics. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123290. [PMID: 34198691 PMCID: PMC8232314 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, due to an increasing medical and market demand for orthopaedic implants, several grafting options have been developed. However, when alternative bone augmentation materials mimicking autografts are searched on the market, commercially available products may be grouped into three main categories: cellular bone matrices, growth factor enhanced bone grafts, and peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts. Firstly, to obtain data for this review, the search engines Google and Bing were employed to acquire information from reports or website portfolios of important competitors in the global bone graft market. Secondly, bibliographic databases such as Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were also employed to analyse data from preclinical/clinical studies performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of each product released on the market. Here, we discuss several products in terms of osteogenic/osteoinductive/osteoconductive properties, safety, efficacy, and side effects, as well as regulatory issues and costs. Although both positive and negative results were reported in clinical applications for each class of products, to date, peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts may represent the best choice in terms of risk/benefit ratio. Nevertheless, more prospective and controlled studies are needed before approval for routine clinical use.
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