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Iqbal H, Fernandes Q, Idoudi S, Basineni R, Billa N. Status of Polymer Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)-Based Three-Dimensional Printing (3DP) in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:386. [PMID: 38337275 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing (3DP) is arguably a versatile and more efficient way for the production of solid dosage forms such as tablets. Of the various 3DP technologies currently available, fused deposition modeling (FDM) includes unique characteristics that offer a range of options in the production of various types of tablets. For example, amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), enteric-coated tablets or poly pills can be produced using an appropriate drug/polymer combination during FDM 3DP. The technology offers the possibility of evolving personalized medicines into cost-effective production schemes at pharmacies and hospital dispensaries. In this review, we highlight key FDM features that may be exploited for the production of tablets and improvement of therapy, with emphasis on gastrointestinal delivery. We also highlight current constraints that must be surmounted to visualize the deployment of this technology in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Iqbal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Sourour Idoudi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Renuka Basineni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Nashiru Billa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Khan A, Andleeb A, Azam M, Tehseen S, Mehmood A, Yar M. Aloe vera and ofloxacin incorporated chitosan hydrogels show antibacterial activity, stimulate angiogenesis and accelerate wound healing in full thickness rat model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:331-342. [PMID: 36053925 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Burns are potentially fatal and physically debilitating injuries, causing psychological and physical scars and result in chronic disabilities. A well vascularized wound bed is required to achieve complete and scar free wound closure. For many centuries, a variety of herbal plants have been used for wound healing, among these aloe vera (AV) has been found to be very effective in wound healing. Secondly, the main reason for delayed wound healing is bacterial infections. Ofloxacin (OX) has been reported as an active antibacterial drug for topical infections and it is effective against both positive and negative bacterial strains. In current research three different concentrations of OX (0.5, 2.5, and 5 mg) were loaded into chitosan (CS)/AV based hydrogels prepared by freeze gelation. The surface morphology of prepared CS/AV based OX loaded hydrogels were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In drug release analysis, 0.5 mg OX loaded hydrogel showed a sustained drug release behavior over 3 days period. An effective dose dependent antibacterial activity was exhibited by OX loaded hydrogels. Alamar Blue cells viability assay revealed that 0.5 mg OX hydrogel (CA 0.5 OX) showed comparatively better 3 T3 fibroblast cells proliferation as compared to CA 2.5 OX (2.5 mg OX) and CA 5 OX hydrogel (5 mg OX). Moreover, all OX loaded hydrogels showed good angiogenic activity in CAM bioassay while higher angiogenic potential was observed from CA 0.5 OX containing comparatively lower concentration of OX. These OX incorporated CS/AV based hydrogels are promising wound dressings for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anisa Andleeb
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Azam
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saimoon Tehseen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Jiang T, Yang T, Bao Q, Sun W, Yang M, Mao C. Construction of tissue-customized hydrogels from cross-linkable materials for effective tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:4741-4758. [PMID: 34812829 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01935j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are prevalent scaffolds for tissue regeneration because of their hierarchical architectures along with outstanding biocompatibility and unique rheological and mechanical properties. For decades, researchers have found that many materials (natural, synthetic, or hybrid) can form hydrogels using different cross-linking strategies. Traditional strategies for fabricating hydrogels include physical, chemical, and enzymatical cross-linking methods. However, due to the diverse characteristics of different tissues/organs to be regenerated, tissue-customized hydrogels need to be developed through precisely controlled processes, making the manufacture of hydrogels reliant on novel cross-linking strategies. Thus, hybrid cross-linkable materials are proposed to tackle this challenge through hybrid cross-linking strategies. Here, different cross-linkable materials and their associated cross-linking strategies are summarized. From the perspective of the major characteristics of the target tissues/organs, we critically analyze how different cross-linking strategies are tailored to fit the regeneration of such tissues and organs. To further advance this field, more appropriate cross-linkable materials and cross-linking strategies should be investigated. In addition, some innovative technologies, such as 3D bioprinting, the internet of medical things (IoMT), and artificial intelligence (AI), are also proposed to improve the development of hydrogels for more efficient tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongmeng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qing Bao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China.
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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Abstract
The aim of this article is to characterize the impacts of Smart Additive Manufacturing (SAM) on industrial production, digital supply chains (DSCs) and corresponding digital value chains (DVCs), logistics and inventory management. The method used consists of a critical review of the literature, enriched by the authors’ field experience. The results show that digital transformation of manufacturing is affecting business models, from resource acquisition to the end user. Smart manufacturing is considered a successful improvement introduced by Industry 4.0. Additive Manufacturing (AM) plays a crucial role in this digital transformation, changing the way manufacturers think about the entire lifecycle of a product. SAM combines AM in a smart factory environment. SAM reduces the complexity of DSCs and contributes to a more flexible approach to logistics and inventory management. It has also spurred the growth and popularization of customized mass production as well as decentralized manufacturing, rapid prototyping, unprecedented flexibility in product design, production and delivery, and resource efficiency and sustainability. SAM technology impacts all five Fletcher’s stages in DVCs. However, the need for clear definitions and regulations on 3D printing of digital files and their reproduction, as well as product health, safety, and integrity issues, cannot be ignored. Furthermore, investment in this technology is still expensive and can be prohibitive for many companies, namely SMEs.
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Pinho LAG, Gratieri T, Gelfuso GM, Marreto RN, Cunha-Filho M. Three-dimensional printed personalized drug devices with anatomical fit: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:1391-1405. [PMID: 34665263 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has opened the era of drug personalization, promising to revolutionize the pharmaceutical field with improvements in efficacy, safety and compliance of the treatments. As a result of these investigations, a vast therapeutic field has opened for 3DP-loaded drug devices with an anatomical fit. Along these lines, innovative dosage forms, unimaginable until recently, can be obtained. This review explores 3DP-engineered drug devices described in recent research articles, as well as in patented inventions, and even devices already produced by 3DP with drug-loading potential. KEY FINDINGS 3D drug-loaded stents, implants and prostheses are reviewed, along with devices produced to fit hard-to-attach body parts such as nasal masks, vaginal rings or mouthguards. The most promising 3DP techniques for such devices and the complementary technologies surrounding these inventions are also discussed, particularly the scanners useful for mapping body parts. Health regulatory concerns regarding the new use of such technology are also analysed. SUMMARY The scenario discussed in this review shows that for wearable 3DP drug devices to become a tangible reality to users, it will be necessary to overcome the existing regulatory barriers, create new interfaces with electronic systems and improve the mapping mechanisms of body surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A G Pinho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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He P, Guan S, Ren E, Chen H, Chen H, Peng Y, Luo B, Xiong Y, Li B, Li J, Mao J, Liu G. Precision Interventional Brachytherapy: A Promising Strategy Toward Treatment of Malignant Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:753286. [PMID: 34692537 PMCID: PMC8531520 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.753286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision interventional brachytherapy is a radiotherapy technique that combines radiation therapy medicine with computer network technology, physics, etc. It can solve the limitations of conventional brachytherapy. Radioactive drugs and their carriers change with each passing day, and major research institutions and enterprises worldwide have conducted extensive research on them. In addition, the capabilities of interventional robotic systems are also rapidly developing to meet clinical needs for the precise delivery of radiopharmaceuticals in interventional radiotherapy. This study reviews the main radiopharmaceuticals, drug carriers, dispensing and fixation technologies, and interventional robotic precision delivery systems used in precision brachytherapy of malignant tumors. We then discuss the current needs in the field and future development prospects in high-precision interventional brachytherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Siwen Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - En Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yisheng Peng
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongfu Xiong
- Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingdong Li
- Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jingsong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Radiology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Awad A, Fina F, Goyanes A, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Advances in powder bed fusion 3D printing in drug delivery and healthcare. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:406-424. [PMID: 33951489 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Powder bed fusion (PBF) is a 3D printing method that selectively consolidates powders into 3D objects using a power source. PBF has various derivatives; selective laser sintering/melting, direct metal laser sintering, electron beam melting and multi-jet fusion. These technologies provide a multitude of benefits that make them well suited for the fabrication of bespoke drug-laden formulations, devices and implants. This includes their superior printing resolution and speed, and ability to produce objects without the need for secondary supports, enabling them to precisely create complex products. Herein, this review article outlines the unique applications of PBF 3D printing, including the main principles underpinning its technologies and highlighting their novel pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The challenges and shortcomings are also considered, emphasising on their effects on the 3D printed products, whilst providing a forward-thinking view.
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Backes EH, Fernandes EM, Diogo GS, Marques CF, Silva TH, Costa LC, Passador FR, Reis RL, Pessan LA. Engineering 3D printed bioactive composite scaffolds based on the combination of aliphatic polyester and calcium phosphates for bone tissue regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111928. [PMID: 33641921 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) or beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) in 5 wt% and 10 wt% of concentration were produced employing twin-screw extrusion followed by fused filament fabrication in two different architectures, varying the orientation of fibers of adjacent layers. The extruded 3D filaments presented suitable rheological and thermal properties to manufacture of 3D scaffolds envisaging bone tissue engineering. The produced scaffolds exhibited a high level of printing accuracy related to the 3D model; confirmed by micro-CT and electron microscopy analysis. The developed architectures presented mechanical properties compatible with human bone replacement. The addition of HA and TCP made the filaments bioactive, and the deposition of new calcium phosphates was observed upon 7 days of incubation in simulated body fluid, exemplifying a microenvironment suitable for cell attachment and proliferation. After 7 days of cell culture, the constructs with a higher percentage of HA and TCP demonstrated a significantly superior amount of DNA when compared to neat PLA, indicating that higher concentrations of HA and TCP could guide a good cellular response and increasing cell cytocompatibility. Differentiation tests were performed, and the biocomposites of PLA/HA and PLA/TCP exhibited earlier markers of cell differentiation as confirmed by alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red assays. The 3D printed composite scaffolds, manufactured with bioactive materials and adequate porous size, supported cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, which together with their scalability, promise a high potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo H Backes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, via Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Emanuel M Fernandes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Gabriela S Diogo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catarina F Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Lidiane C Costa
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, via Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabio R Passador
- Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, Talim St. 330, 12231-280 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Luiz A Pessan
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, via Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Additive Manufacturing Processes in Medical Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14010191. [PMID: 33401601 PMCID: PMC7796413 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM, 3D printing) is used in many fields and different industries. In the medical and dental field, every patient is unique and, therefore, AM has significant potential in personalized and customized solutions. This review explores what additive manufacturing processes and materials are utilized in medical and dental applications, especially focusing on processes that are less commonly used. The processes are categorized in ISO/ASTM process classes: powder bed fusion, material extrusion, VAT photopolymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination and directed energy deposition combined with classification of medical applications of AM. Based on the findings, it seems that directed energy deposition is utilized rarely only in implants and sheet lamination rarely for medical models or phantoms. Powder bed fusion, material extrusion and VAT photopolymerization are utilized in all categories. Material jetting is not used for implants and biomanufacturing, and binder jetting is not utilized for tools, instruments and parts for medical devices. The most common materials are thermoplastics, photopolymers and metals such as titanium alloys. If standard terminology of AM would be followed, this would allow a more systematic review of the utilization of different AM processes. Current development in binder jetting would allow more possibilities in the future.
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Stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing of a bladder device for intravesical drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Additively Manufactured Parametric Universal Clip-System: An Open Source Approach for Aiding Personal Exposure Measurement in the Breathing Zone. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Design for additive manufacturing is adopted to help solve problems inherent to attaching active personal sampler systems to workers for monitoring their breathing zone. A novel and parametric 3D printable clip system was designed with an open source Computer-aided design (CAD) system and was additively manufactured. The concept was first tested with a simple clip design, and when it was found to be functional, the ability of the innovative and open source design to be extended to other applications was demonstrated by designing another tooling system. The clip system was tested for mechanical stress test to establish a minimum lifetime of 5000 openings, a cleaning test, and a supply chain test. The designs were also tested three times in field conditions. The design cost and functionalities of the clip system were compared to commercial systems. This study presents an innovative custom-designed clip system that can aid in attaching different tools for personal exposure measurement to a worker’s harness without hindering the operation of the worker. The customizable clip system opens new possibilities for occupational health professionals since the basic design can be altered to hold different kinds of samplers and tools. The solution is shared using an open source methodology.
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Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has recently been introduced into the field of chemistry as an enabling tool employed to perform reactions, but so far, its use has been limited due to material and structural constraints. We have developed a new approach for fabricating 3D catalysts with high-complexity features for chemical reactions via digital light processing printing (DLP). PtO2-WO3 heterogeneous catalysts with complex shapes were directly fabricated from a clear solution, composed of photo-curable organic monomers, photoinitiators, and metallic salts. The 3D-printed catalysts were tested for the hydrogenation of alkynes and nitrobenzene, and displayed excellent reactivity in these catalytic transformations. Furthermore, to demonstrate the versatility of this approach and prove the concept of multifunctional reactors, a tungsten oxide-based tube consisting of three orderly sections containing platinum, rhodium, and palladium was 3D printed.
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3D Printing in COVID-19: Productivity Estimation of the Most Promising Open Source Solutions in Emergency Situations. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a surge of demand for medical supplies and spare parts, which has put pressure on the manufacturing sector. As a result, 3D printing communities and companies are currently operating to ease the breakdown in the medical supply chain. If no parts are available, 3D printing can potentially be used to produce time-critical parts on demand such as nasal swabs, face shields, respirators, and spares for ventilators. A structured search using online sources and feedback from key experts in the 3D printing area was applied to highlight critical issues and to suggest potential solutions. The prescribed outcomes were estimated in terms of cost and productivity at a small and large scale. This study analyzes the number and costs of parts that can be manufactured with a single machine within 24 h. It extrapolates this potential with the number of identical 3D printers in the world to estimate the global potential that can help practitioners, frontline workers, and those most vulnerable during the pandemic. It also proposes alternative 3D printing processes and materials that can be applicable. This new unregulated supply chain has also opened new questions concerning medical certification and Intellectual property rights (IPR). There is also a pressing need to develop new standards for 3D printing of medical parts for the current pandemic, and to ensure better national resilience.
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Cumulative Inaccuracies in Implementation of Additive Manufacturing Through Medical Imaging, 3D Thresholding, and 3D Modeling: A Case Study for an End-Use Implant. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In craniomaxillofacial surgical procedures, an emerging practice adopts the preoperative virtual planning that uses medical imaging (computed tomography), 3D thresholding (segmentation), 3D modeling (digital design), and additive manufacturing (3D printing) for the procurement of an end-use implant. The objective of this case study was to evaluate the cumulative spatial inaccuracies arising from each step of the process chain when various computed tomography protocols and thresholding values were independently changed. A custom-made quality assurance instrument (Phantom) was used to evaluate the medical imaging error. A sus domesticus (domestic pig) head was analyzed to determine the 3D thresholding error. The 3D modeling error was estimated from the computer-aided design software. Finally, the end-use implant was used to evaluate the additive manufacturing error. The results were verified using accurate measurement instruments and techniques. A worst-case cumulative error of 1.7 mm (3.0%) was estimated for one boundary condition and 2.3 mm (4.1%) for two boundary conditions considering the maximum length (56.9 mm) of the end-use implant. Uncertainty from the clinical imaging to the end-use implant was 0.8 mm (1.4%). This study helps practitioners establish and corroborate surgical practices that are within the bounds of an appropriate accuracy for clinical treatment and restoration.
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Memon AR, Wang E, Hu J, Egger J, Chen X. A review on computer-aided design and manufacturing of patient-specific maxillofacial implants. Expert Rev Med Devices 2020; 17:345-356. [PMID: 32105159 PMCID: PMC7175472 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2020.1736040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Various prefabricated maxillofacial implants are used in the clinical routine for the surgical treatment of patients. In addition to these prefabricated implants, customized CAD/CAM implants become increasingly important for a more precise replacement of damaged anatomical structures. This paper reviews the design and manufacturing of patient-specific implants for the maxillofacial area.Areas covered: The contribution of this publication is to give a state-of-the-art overview in the usage of customized facial implants. Moreover, it provides future perspectives, including 3D printing technologies, for the manufacturing of patient-individual facial implants that are based on patient's data acquisitions, like Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).Expert opinion: The main target of this review is to present various designing software and 3D manufacturing technologies that have been applied to fabricate facial implants. In doing so, different CAD designing software's are discussed, which are based on various methods and have been implemented and evaluated by researchers. Finally, recent 3D printing technologies that have been applied to manufacture patient-individual implants will be introduced and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaque Rafique Memon
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Enpeng Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlei Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jan Egger
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Department of Oral &maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- The Laboratory of Computer Algorithms for Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Naseri E, Butler H, MacNevin W, Ahmed M, Ahmadi A. Low-temperature solvent-based 3D printing of PLGA: a parametric printability study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:173-178. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1711389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emad Naseri
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Haley Butler
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Wyatt MacNevin
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Marya Ahmed
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
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17
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A Collaborative and Ubiquitous System for Fabricating Dental Parts Using 3D Printing Technologies. Healthcare (Basel) 2019; 7:healthcare7030103. [PMID: 31500204 PMCID: PMC6787736 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare7030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has great potential for establishing a ubiquitous service in the medical industry. However, the planning, optimization, and control of a ubiquitous 3D printing network have not been sufficiently discussed. Therefore, this study established a collaborative and ubiquitous system for making dental parts using 3D printing. The collaborative and ubiquitous system split an order for the 3D printing facilities to fulfill the order collaboratively and forms a delivery plan to pick up the 3D objects. To optimize the performance of the two tasks, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model and a mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model are proposed, respectively. In addition, slack information is derived and provided to each 3D printing facility so that it can determine the feasibility of resuming the same 3D printing process locally from the beginning without violating the optimality of the original printing and delivery plan. Further, more slack is gained by considering the chain effect between two successive 3D printing facilities. The effectiveness of the collaborative and ubiquitous system was validated using a regional experiment in Taichung City, Taiwan. Compared with two existing methods, the collaborative and ubiquitous 3D printing network reduced the manufacturing lead time by 45% on average. Furthermore, with the slack information, a 3D printing facility could make an independent decision about the feasibility of resuming the same 3D printing process locally from the beginning.
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18
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Wang X. Bioartificial Organ Manufacturing Technologies. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:5-17. [PMID: 30477315 PMCID: PMC6322143 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718809918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioartificial organ manufacturing technologies are a series of enabling techniques that can be used to produce human organs based on bionic principles. During the last ten years, significant progress has been achieved in the development of various organ manufacturing technologies. According to the degree of automation, organ manufacturing technologies can be divided into three main groups: (1) fully automated; (2) semi-automated; (3) handworked (or handmade); each has the advantages and disadvantages for bioartificial organ manufacturing. One of the most promising bioartificial organ manufacturing technologies is to use combined multi-nozzle three-dimensional printing techniques to automatically assemble personal cells along with other biomaterials to build exclusive organ substitutes for defective/failed human organs. This is the first time that advanced bioartificial organ manufacturing technologies have been reviewed. These technologies hold the promise to greatly improve the quality of health and average lifespan of human beings in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Center of 3D Printing and Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center of Organ Manufacturing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
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