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Murphy B, Morris MA, Baez J. Development of Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Orthopaedic Implants from Colloidal Solutions: Part 2-Detailed Characterisation of the Coatings and Their Growth Mechanism. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2606. [PMID: 37764634 PMCID: PMC10535467 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This study is the second part of a two-part study whereby supersaturated solutions of calcium and phosphate ions generate well-defined hydroxyapatite coatings for orthopaedic implants. An 'ideal' process solution is selected from Part 1, and the detailed characterisation of films produced from this solution is undertaken here in Part 2. Analysis is presented on the hydroxyapatite produced, in both powder form and as a film upon titanium substrates representative of orthopaedic implants. From thermal analysis data, it is shown that there is bound and interstitial water present in the hydroxyapatite. Nuclear magnetic resonance data allow for the distinction between an amorphous and a crystalline component of the material. As hydroxyapatite coatings are generated, their growth mechanism is tracked across repeated process runs. A clear understanding of the growth mechanism is achieved though crystallinity and electron imaging data. Transmission electron imaging data support the proposed crystal growth and deposition mechanism. All of the data conclude that this process has a clear propensity to grow the hydroxyapatite phase of octacalcium phosphate. The investigation of the hydroxyapatite coating and its growth mechanism establish that a stable and reproducible process window has been identified. Precise control is achieved, leading to the successful formation of the desired hydroxyapatite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bríd Murphy
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mick A. Morris
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jhonattan Baez
- Advanced Materials & Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, D02 CP49 Dublin 2, Ireland;
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin 2, Ireland
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Lucena-Serrano C, Lucena-Serrano A, Díaz A, Valpuesta M, Villaverde G, Manuel López-Romero J, Sarabia F, Laurenti M, Rubio-Retama J, Contreras-Cáceres R. SPION nanoparticles for delivery of dopaminergic isoquinoline and benzazepine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 69:116910. [PMID: 35777271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles (SPIONs) have become one of the most useful colloidal systems in nanomedicine. We report here the preparation of new hybrid core@shell systems based on SPION nanoparticles coated with a SiO2 shell (SPION@SiO2) and functionalized with carboxyl groups (SPION@SiO2-COOH). A series of new N-alkylamino- and N-alkylamido-terminated 1-phenyl- tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) and 3-tetrahydrobenzazepines (THBs) derivatives presenting -SMe and -Cl groups, respectively, with potential dopaminergic activity, are synthesized and incorporated to the hybrid system. We include the synthetic details for THIQs and THBs derivatives preparation and investigate the influence of the terminal-functional group as well as the number of carbon atoms linked to THIQ and THB molecules during the coupling to the SPION@SiO2-COOH. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) are used to characterize the synthesized THIQs and THBs. High-angle annular dark-field transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray transmission electron microscopy (EDX-TEM), and proton high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy1H HRMAS-NMR) are used to confirm the presence of THB and THIQ molecules onto the surface of the nanoparticles. The hybrid SPION@SiO2-THIQ and THB systems show significant activity toward the D2 receptor, reaching Ki values of about 20 nM, thus having potential application in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Lucena-Serrano
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Amelia Díaz
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - María Valpuesta
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Villaverde
- Dep. Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Manuel López-Romero
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisco Sarabia
- Dpto. Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Dep. Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Canto- blanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Rubio-Retama
- Dep. Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Contreras-Cáceres
- Dep. Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Nosrati H, Sarraf-Mamoory R, Karimi Behnagh A, Zolfaghari Emameh R, Aidun A, Le DQS, Canillas Perez M, Bünger CE. Comparison of the effect of argon, hydrogen, and nitrogen gases on the reduced graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites characteristics. BMC Chem 2020; 14:59. [PMID: 33043299 PMCID: PMC7542771 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of the argon, nitrogen, and hydrogen gases on the final properties of the reduced graphene oxide- hydroxyapatite nanocomposites synthesized by gas injected hydrothermal method was investigated. Four samples were synthesized, which in the first sample the pressure was controlled by volume change at a constant concentration. In subsequent samples, the pressure inside the autoclave was adjusted by the injecting gases. The initial pressure of the injected gases was 10 bar and the final pressure considered was 25 bar. The synthesized powders were consolidated at 950 °C and 2 MPa by spark plasma sintering method. The final samples were subjected to Vickers indentation analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the injection of argon, hydrogen, and nitrogen gases improved the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Injection of gases increased the crystallinity and particle size of hydroxyapatite, and this increase was greater for nitrogen gas than for others. Injection of these gases increased the rate of graphene oxide reduction and in this case the effect of nitrogen gas was greater than the others. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nosrati
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Aidun
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Tissues and Biomaterials Research Group (TBRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Cody Eric Bünger
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Nosrati H, Sarraf-Mamoory R, Le DQS, Ahmadi AH, Canillas Perez M, Bünger CE. Investigating the mechanical behavior of hydroxyapatite-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite under different loading rates. NANO EXPRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ab98e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the hydroxyapatite (HA)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite was investigated for its mechanical properties. The nanocomposite used in this study was made in two stages. The HA-rGO powders were first synthesized by hydrogen gas injected hydrothermal method, and then consolidated by spark plasma sintering. HA-rGO nanocomposite was subjected to Vickers indentation experiments with different loading rates. Various analyzes have been used in this study, including x-rays diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fast fourier transform, and inverse fast fourier transform. The findings of this study showed that the HA in this nanocomposite was reinforced with rGO sheets coated with HA. As the loading rate increased, the slope of the curves in the elastic region was increased, indicating that the elastic modulus was increased. Also, the contact depth at higher loading rates was increased. Plastic deformation was higher at higher loading rates and the hardness had increased. As the loading rate increased from 300 mN to 1 N, the hardness and elastic modulus increased with more slope than when the loading rate changed from 1 N to 2 N. The presence of rGO sheets had partially controlled the HA brittleness.
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