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Blanco-Blanco J, Bravo M, Simón I, Fernández-Llario P, Fajardo-Olivares M, Fernández-Calderón MC, Cerrato R. Synergistic Activity of Ingulados Bacteria with Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:200. [PMID: 38534635 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a critical challenge due to the overuse of conventional antimicrobials, and alternative solutions are urgently needed. This study investigates the efficacy of compounds derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation combined with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from clinical cases in a hospital setting. Strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium and faecalis were isolated and selected from blood, respiratory, and urine samples. They were tested against the fermentation products from the Ingulados LAB collection (BAL5, BAL6, BAL8, BAL13, and BAL16), recognized for their antimicrobial efficacy against veterinary pathogens. The activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens was evaluated initially, followed by synergy tests using checkerboard assays and subsequent analysis. Bioinformatic assessments and supernatant treatments were performed to characterize the nature of the compounds responsible for the antimicrobial activity. Notably, BAL16 exhibited significant growth inhibition against multidrug-resistant E. faecium. Synergy tests highlighted its combined activity with tetracycline through FICI and surface analysis and bioinformatic analysis unveiled the protein fraction containing bacteriocins as the underlying mechanism. This study highlights BAL16 fermentation products potential as valuable antimicrobial agents against MDR E. faecium infections, attributed to bacteriocins. Further in-depth studies are necessary for complete bacteriocin characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Blanco-Blanco
- Ingulados, S.L., 10004 Cáceres, Spain
- Biosanitary Research University Institute of Extremadura (INUBE), 06080 Badajoz, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - María Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Biosanitary Research University Institute of Extremadura (INUBE), 06080 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Bioenineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hernando-Ortiz A, Eraso E, Jauregizar N, de Groot PW, Quindós G, Mateo E. Efficacy of the combination of amphotericin B and echinocandins against Candida auris in vitro and in the Caenorhabditis elegans host model. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0208623. [PMID: 38018978 PMCID: PMC10783041 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02086-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Multidrug resistance is a rising problem among non-Candida albicans species, such as Candida auris. This therapeutic problem has been very important during the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization has included C. auris in its global priority list of health-threatening fungi, to study this emerging multidrug-resistant species and to develop effective alternative therapies. In the present study, the synergistic effect of the combination of amphotericin B and echinocandins has been demonstrated against blood isolates of C. auris. Different susceptibility responses were also observed between aggregative and non-aggregative phenotypes. The antifungal activity of these drug combinations against C. auris was also demonstrated in the Caenorhabditis elegans host model of candidiasis, confirming the suitability and usefulness of this model in the search for solutions to antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Hernando-Ortiz
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elena Eraso
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Nerea Jauregizar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Piet W.J. de Groot
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Mateo
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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Kukutam S, Chaurasia SR, Joseph J, Roy S, Ramachandran C, Kandibanda S. Anti-fungal efficacy of combination of amphotericin B with colistin and gentamicin in McCarey-Kaufman corneal preservation medium. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3160-3165. [PMID: 37602602 PMCID: PMC10565927 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_455_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To curtail the potential of donor corneal tissue disseminating fungi to the recipient's eye, we evaluated the addition of amphotericin B to McCarey-Kaufman (M-K)-corneal storage medium supplemented with colistin. Methods Amphotericin B was examined for its ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus using a microbroth dilution test and checkerboard assay in combination with only gentamicin and a combination of colistin, gentamicin, and amphotericin B. The safety on epithelium and endothelium was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results The minimal inhibitory concentration of gentamicin was found to be >256 μg/ml against both C. albicans and A. flavus, whereas that of amphotericin B was found to be in a range of 0.25-0.5 and 1-2 μg/ml for C. albicans and A. flavus, respectively. According to the checkerboard assay, 80% (4/5) of C. albicans isolates and 100% (5/5) of A. flavus isolates responded synergistically to the combination of amphotericin B and gentamicin, but only 20% (1/5) of C. albicans isolates showed an additive effect. None of the tested isolates displayed antagonism. The combined effect of the three drugs also did not display any antagonistic effect. Additionally, the MTT assay reveals no toxic effect of the antimicrobials used on corneal epithelial and endothelial cells. Conclusion In vitro experiments demonstrate that amphotericin B is not toxic to either epithelium or endothelium and is a promising additive to the M-K medium supplemented with colistin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmasri Kukutam
- Ramayamma International Eye Bank, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sunita R Chaurasia
- Ramayamma International Eye Bank, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Shantilai Sanghvi Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Joveeta Joseph
- Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Charanya Ramachandran
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Kandibanda
- Ramayamma International Eye Bank, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Benahmed A, Seghir A, Boucherit-Otmani Z, Tani ZZBAK, Aissaoui M, Kendil W, Merabet DH, Lakhal H, Boucherit K. In vitro evaluation of biofilm formation by Candida parapsilosis and Enterobacter cloacae. Scanning electron microscopy and efficacy of antimicrobial combinations study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116003. [PMID: 37423195 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungal-bacterial infections are being increasingly recognized in clinical settings, and the interaction between these species in polymicrobial biofilms often lead to infections that are highly resistant to treatment. In this in vitro study, we analyzed the formation of mixed biofilms using clinically isolated Candida parapsilosis and Enterobacter cloacae. Additionally, we assessed the potential of conventional antimicrobials, both alone and in combination, for treating polymicrobial biofilms built by these human pathogens. Our results demonstrate that C. parapsilosis and E. cloacae are capable of forming mixed biofilms, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Interestingly, we found that colistin alone or in combination with antifungal drugs was highly effective reducing up to 80% of the total biomass of polymicrobial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeselem Benahmed
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria.
| | - Abdelfettah Seghir
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
| | - Zahia Boucherit-Otmani
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
| | - Zahira Zakia Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Aissaoui
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Tamanghasset, Tamanghasset, Algeria
| | - Wafaa Kendil
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
| | | | - Hafsa Lakhal
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
| | - Kebir Boucherit
- Tlemcen University, Algeria; Laboratory Antibiotics Antifungals, Physico-Chemical, Synthesis and Biological Activities, Tlemcen University, Algeria
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Ahmad S, Asadzadeh M. Strategies to Prevent Transmission of Candida auris in Healthcare Settings. CURRENT FUNGAL INFECTION REPORTS 2023; 17:36-48. [PMID: 36718372 PMCID: PMC9878498 DOI: 10.1007/s12281-023-00451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Candida auris, a recently recognized yeast pathogen, has become a major public health threat due to the problems associated with its accurate identification, intrinsic and acquired resistance to antifungal drugs, and its potential to easily contaminate the environment causing clonal outbreaks in healthcare facilities. These outbreaks are associated with high mortality rates particularly among older patients with multiple comorbidities under intensive care settings. The purpose of this review is to highlight strategies that are being adapted to prevent transmission of C. auris in healthcare settings. Recent Findings Colonized patients shed C. auris into their environment which contaminates surrounding equipment. It resists elimination even by robust decontamination procedures and is easily transmitted to new patients during close contact resulting in outbreaks. Efforts are being made to rapidly identify C. auris-infected/C. auris-colonized patients, to determine its susceptibility to antifungals, and to perform effective cleaning and decontamination of the environment and isolation of colonized patients to prevent further transmission. Summary Rapid and accurate identification of hospitalized patients infected/colonized with C. auris, rapid detection of its susceptibility patterns, and appropriate use of infection control measures can help to contain the spread of this highly pathogenic yeast in healthcare settings and prevent/control outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Kuwait University, PO Box: 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Asadzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Kuwait University, PO Box: 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
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Sushmasri K, Joseph J, Chaurasia SR, Ramachandran C, Roy S. An experimental study to evaluate the effect of polymixin E (Colistin) alone or in combination with gentamicin in McCarey-Kaufman corneal preservation medium on various drug resistant bacterial and fungal isolates. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:2950-2955. [PMID: 35918951 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_12_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the efficacy of the addition of polymyxin E (colistin) in the McCarey-Kaufman (MK) corneal storage solution against multi-drug resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida spp. Methods A standard micro broth dilution test and a checkerboard assay were performed for five multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and five clinical strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and C. albicans against colistin and gentamicin alone and in combination. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) were calculated to assess the efficacy of each combination. Results The MIC of colistin was in the range of 1-2 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa, whereas it was 256-1024 μg/mL against S. aureus. In comparison, the MIC of gentamicin was found to be 0.5-512 μg/mL and 0.5-8 μg/mL against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively. All five isolates of C. albicans did not exhibit any susceptibility to either colistin or gentamicin even at a concentration of ≥ 512 μg/mL each. The checkerboard assay was performed to evaluate the nature of the interaction of the combination of colistin and gentamicin. Based on the FICI, it was observed that the colistin and gentamicin combination has a maximum synergistic effect (FIC <0.5) in 80% (4/5) for S. aureus isolates, whereas the maximum additive effect (FIC >0.5-4) was 100% (5/5) for P. aeruginosa and the minimum additive effect was 20% (1/5) for S. aureus isolates. Antagonism (FIC ≥ 4) was not observed in any combination between the strains used in the study. Both colistin and gentamicin alone or in combination were, however, ineffective against Candida spp. Conclusion The addition of colistin has an inhibitory effect on bacterial contamination that could be possibly caused by MDR strains and could potentially be considered as an additional additive in corneal storage media.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sushmasri
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre; Ramayamma International Eye Bank, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Joveeta Joseph
- Jhaveri Microbiology Services, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sunita R Chaurasia
- Ramayamma International Eye Bank; The Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Charanya Ramachandran
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Tu J, Liu N, Huang Y, Yang W, Sheng C. Small molecules for combating multidrug-resistant superbug Candida auris infections. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4056-4074. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Synergistic In Vitro Interaction of Isavuconazole and Isoquercitrin against Candida glabrata. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050525. [PMID: 35628780 PMCID: PMC9147185 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro interactions of broad-spectrum azole isavuconazole with flavonoid isoquercitrin were evaluated by a broth microdilution checkerboard technique based on the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) reference methodology for antifungal susceptibility testing against 60 Candida strains belonging to the species Candida albicans (n = 10), Candida glabrata (n = 30), Candida kefyr (n = 6), Candida krusei (n = 5), Candida parapsilosis (n = 4), and Candida tropicalis (n = 5). The results were analyzed with the fractional inhibitory concentration index and by response surface analysis based on the Bliss model. Synergy was found for all C. glabrata strains, when the results were interpreted by the fractional inhibitory concentration index, and for 60% of the strains when response surface analysis was used. Interaction for all other species was indifferent for all strains tested, whatever interpretation model used. Importantly, antagonistic interaction was never observed.
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Schwarz P, Nikolskiy I, Bidaud AL, Sommer F, Bange G, Dannaoui E. In Vitro Synergy of Isavuconazole Combined With Colistin Against Common Candida Species. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:892893. [PMID: 35573795 PMCID: PMC9100415 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.892893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of isavuconazole and colistin were evaluated against 57 common Candida strains belonging to the species Candida albicans (n = 10), Candida glabrata (n = 10), Candida kefyr (n = 8), Candida krusei (n = 10), Candida parapsilosis (n = 9), and Candida tropicalis (n = 10) by a broth microdilution checkerboard technique based on the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) reference methodology for antifungal susceptibility testing. Results were analyzed with the fractional inhibitory concentration index and by the response surface analysis. Interpretation by the fractional inhibitory concentration index showed synergy for 50%, 80%, 90%, and 90% of the C. kefyr, C. krusei, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis strains, respectively. Combination of isavuconazole with colistin against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis exhibited only indifference for 100% and 90% of the strains, respectively. The results were confirmed by response surface analysis for all species except for C. glabrata, for which an indifferent interaction was found for the majority of strains. Antagonistic interaction was never seen regardless of the interpretation model was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ilya Nikolskiy
- Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Department of Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Laure Bidaud
- Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Frank Sommer
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gert Bange
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Department of Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Max Planck Fellow Group, Molecular Physiology of Microbes, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Eric Dannaoui
- Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
- Dynamyc Research Group (EA 7380), Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, Université Paris-Est-Créteil-Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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