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Belabess Z, Gajjout B, Legrifi I, Barka EA, Lahlali R. Exploring the Antifungal Activity of Moroccan Bacterial and Fungal Isolates and a Strobilurin Fungicide in the Control of Cladosporium fulvum, the Causal Agent of Tomato Leaf Mold Disease. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2213. [PMID: 39204649 PMCID: PMC11360235 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The causal agent of tomato leaf mold, Cladosporium fulvum, is prevalent in greenhouses worldwide, especially under high humidity conditions. Despite its economic impact, studies on antifungal agents targeting C. fulvum remain limited. This study evaluates biocontrol agents (BCAs) as alternatives to chemical controls for managing this disease, alongside the strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin. From a Moroccan collection of potential BCAs, five bacterial isolates (Alcaligenes faecalis ACBC1, Pantoea agglomerans ACBC2, ACBP1, ACBP2, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14) and three fungal isolates (Trichoderma spp. OT1, AT2, and BT3) were selected and tested. The in vitro results demonstrated that P. agglomerans isolates reduced mycelial growth by over 60% at 12 days post-inoculation (dpi), while Trichoderma isolates achieved 100% inhibition in just 5 dpi. All bacterial isolates produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with mycelial inhibition rates ranging from 38.8% to 57.4%. Likewise, bacterial cell-free filtrates significantly inhibited the pathogen's mycelial growth. Greenhouse tests validated these findings, showing that all the tested isolates were effective in reducing disease incidence and severity. Azoxystrobin effectively impeded C. fulvum growth, particularly in protective treatments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed significant biochemical changes in the treated plants, indicating fungal activity. This study provides valuable insights into the efficacy of these BCAs and azoxystrobin, contributing to integrated management strategies for tomato leaf mold disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zineb Belabess
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (Z.B.); (B.G.); (I.L.)
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Km 13, Route Haj Kaddour, BP.578, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Bilale Gajjout
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (Z.B.); (B.G.); (I.L.)
| | - Ikram Legrifi
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (Z.B.); (B.G.); (I.L.)
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Induced Resistance and Plant Bio-Protection Unit-EA 4707-USC INRAE1488, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, 51100 Reims, France;
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (Z.B.); (B.G.); (I.L.)
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Kang JA, Dutta S, Lee YH. Biocontrol of bacterial seedling rot of rice plants using combination of Cytobacillus firmus JBRS159 and silicon. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290049. [PMID: 37578972 PMCID: PMC10424872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial panicle blight (BPB) and bacterial seedling rot (BSR) which are difficult to control in rice plants. Seed disinfection using microbes and eco-friendly materials is an efficient alternative practice for managing BPB and BSR. In this study, we applied Cytobacillus firmus JBRS159 (JBRS159) in combination with silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticle or potassium silicate (K2SiO3) solution to control BSR. JBRS159, SiO2 nanoparticle, and K2SiO3 independently suppressed the BSR disease and promoted growths of rice and Arabidopsis. Population of B. glumae in the treated rice seeds was suppressed by the application of JBRS159 via competitions for nutrients and niches. The mixture of JBRS159 and each Si compound (SiO2 nanoparticle or K2SiO3) was complementary for disease-suppressing and growth-promoting activities of individual treatment. The results of this study indicate that mixture of JBRS159 with each Si compound can be harnessed for disease control and growth promotion as efficient alternatives to chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The efficacy of JBRS159 and Si compounds in the control of BSR and BPB in the field remains to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun An Kang
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Swarnalee Dutta
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Plant Medical Research Center, and Institute of Bio-industry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Laasli SE, Barka EA, Lahlali R. Plant and Trees Pathogens: Isolation, Characterization and Control Strategies (1.0). J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040416. [PMID: 37108871 PMCID: PMC10144702 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural production is under constant threat from biotic and abiotic stresses [...]
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Guo TR, Zeng Q, Yang G, Ye SS, Chen ZY, Xie SY, Wang H, Mo YW. Isolation, identification, biological characteristics, and antifungal efficacy of sodium bicarbonate combined with natamycin on Aspergillus niger from Shengzhou nane ( Prunus salicina var. taoxingli) fruit. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1075033. [PMID: 36713153 PMCID: PMC9879613 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1075033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungi causing fruit rot were isolated from symptomatic Shengzhou nane (Prunus salicina var. taoxingli) fruit and were identified as Aspergillus niger by biological characteristics and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (rDNA-ITS) and translation elongation factor-1α (TEF-1α) sequences. Optimal growth conditions for A. niger were 30°C, pH 5.0-6.0, and fructose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources. The effects of sodium bicarbonate (SBC), natamycin (NT), and combined treatments on A. niger inhibition were investigated. Treatment with 4.0 g/L sodium bicarbonate (SBC) + 5.0 mg/L natamycin (NT) inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination as completely as 12.0 mg/L SBC or 25.0 mg/L NT. SBC and NT treatments disrupted the structural integrity of cell and mitochondria membranes and decreased enzyme activities involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP production in mitochondria, and ergosterol content in the plasma membrane, thus leading to the inhibition of A. niger growth. Moreover, experimental results in vivo showed that the rot lesion diameter and decay rate of Shengzhou nane fruit treated with SBC and NT were significantly reduced compared with the control. The results suggest that the combination treatment of SBC and NT could be an alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling postharvest Shengzhou nane decay caused by A. niger.
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Kolytaitė A, Vaitiekūnaitė D, Antanynienė R, Baniulis D, Frercks B. Monilinia fructigena Suppressing and Plant Growth Promoting Endophytic Pseudomonas spp. Bacteria Isolated from Plum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122402. [PMID: 36557655 PMCID: PMC9781308 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. fungi causes substantial losses in stone and pome fruit production. Reports suggest that up to 90% of the harvest could be lost. This constitutes an important worldwide issue in the food chain that cannot be solved by the use of chemical fungicides alone. Biocontrol agents (BCAs) based on microorganisms are considered a potential alternative to chemical fungicides. We hypothesized that endophytic bacteria from Prunus domestica could exhibit antagonistic properties towards Monilinia fructigena, one of the main causative agents of brown rot. Among the bacteria isolated from vegetative buds, eight isolates showed antagonistic activity against M. fructigena, including three Pseudomonas spp. isolates that demonstrated 34% to 90% inhibition of the pathogen's growth when cultivated on two different media in vitro. As the stimulation of plant growth could contribute to the disease-suppressing activity of the potential BCAs, plant growth promoting traits (PGPTs) were assessed for bacterial isolates with M. fructigena-suppressing activity. While all isolates were capable of producing siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), fixating nitrogen, mineralizing organic phosphate, and solubilizing inorganic phosphate and potassium, only the Pseudomonas spp. isolates showed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity. Overall, our study paves the way for the development of an eco-friendly strategy for managing M. fructigena pathogens by using BCAs including Pseudomonas spp. bacteria, which could also serve as growth stimulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Kolytaitė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Kaunas reg., Lithuania
| | - Dorotėja Vaitiekūnaitė
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepu Str. 1, 53101 Girionys, Kaunas reg., Lithuania
| | - Raminta Antanynienė
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Kaunas reg., Lithuania
| | - Danas Baniulis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Kaunas reg., Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Birutė Frercks
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas Str. 30, 54333 Babtai, Kaunas reg., Lithuania
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