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Ismail S, Masi M, Gaglione R, Arciello A, Cimmino A. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of specialized metabolites isolated from Centaurea hyalolepis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16973. [PMID: 38560449 PMCID: PMC10979744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of plant-derived compounds that are able to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens is an urgent demand. Over years, Centaurea hyalolepis attracted considerable attention because of its beneficial medical properties. Phytochemical analyses revealed that Centaurea plant species contain several metabolites, such as sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, and lignans.The organic extract of C. hyalolepis plant, collected in Palestine, showed significant antimicrobial properties towards a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains when the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were evaluated by broth microdilution assays. A bio-guided fractionation of the active extract via multiple steps of column and thin layer chromatography allowed us to obtain three main compounds. The isolated metabolites were identified as the STLs cnicin, 11β,13-dihydrosalonitenolide and salonitenolide by spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. Cnicin conferred the strongest antimicrobial activity among the identified compounds. Moreover, the evaluation of its antibiofilm activity by biomass assays through crystal violet staining revealed almost 30% inhibition of biofilm formation in the case of A. baumannii ATCC 17878 strain. Furthermore, the quantification of carbohydrates and proteins present in the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) revealed the ability of cnicin to significantly perturb biofilm structure. Based on these promising results, further investigations might open interesting perspectives to its applicability in biomedical field to counteract multidrug resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurooq Ismail
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Marco Masi
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Gaglione
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Arciello
- University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
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Zorrilla JG, Cárdenas DM, Rial C, Molinillo JM, Varela RM, Masi M, Macías FA. Bioprospection of Phytotoxic Plant-Derived Eudesmanolides and Guaianolides for the Control of Amaranthus viridis, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Lolium perenne Weeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1797-1810. [PMID: 38206382 PMCID: PMC10811690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The phytotoxicities of a selection of eudesmanolides and guaianolides, including natural products and new derivatives obtained by semisynthesis from plant-isolated sesquiterpene lactones, were evaluated in bioassays against three weeds of concern in agriculture (Amaranthus viridis L., Echinochloa crus-galli L., and Lolium perenne L.). Both eudesmanolides and guaianolides were active against the root and shoot growth of all the species, with the eudesmanolides generally showing improved activities. The IC50 values obtained for the herbicide employed as positive control (on root and shoot growth, respectively, A. viridis: 27.8 and 85.7 μM; E. crus-galli: 167.5 and 288.2 μM; L. perenne: 99.1 and 571.4 μM) were improved in most of the cases. Structure-activity relationships were discussed, finding that hydroxylation of the A-ring and C-13 as well as the position, number, and orientation of the hydroxyl groups and the presence of an unsaturated carbonyl group can significantly influence the level of phytotoxicity. γ-Cyclocostunolide was the most active compound in the series, followed by others such as dehydrozaluzanin C and α-cyclocostunolide (outstanding their IC50 values on A. viridis)─natural products that can therefore be suggested as models for herbicide development if further research indicates effectiveness on a larger scale and environmental safety in ecotoxicological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - David M. Cárdenas
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - José M.G. Molinillo
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Marco Masi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
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Bendejacq-Seychelles A, Gibot-Leclerc S, Guillemin JP, Mouille G, Steinberg C. Phytotoxic fungal secondary metabolites as herbicides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:92-102. [PMID: 37794581 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the alternatives to synthetic plant protection products, biocontrol appears as a promising method. This review reports on the diversity of fungal secondary metabolites phytotoxic to weeds and on the approach generally used to extract, characterize, identify and exploit them for weed management. The 183 phytotoxic fungal secondary metabolites discussed in this review fall into five main classes of molecules: 61 polyketides, 53 terpenoids, 36 nitrogenous metabolites, 18 phenols and phenolic acids, and 15 miscellaneous. They are mainly produced by the genera Drechslera, Fusarium and Alternaria. The phytotoxic effects, more often described by the symptoms they produce on plants than by their mode of action, range from inhibition of germination to inhibition of root and vegetative growth, including tissue and organ alterations. The biochemical characterization of fungal secondary metabolites requires expertise and tools to carry out fungal cultivation and metabolite extraction, phytotoxicity tests, purification and fractionation of the extracts, and chemical identification procedures. Phytotoxicity tests are mainly carried out under controlled laboratory conditions (not always on whole plants), while effectiveness against targeted weeds and environmental impacts must be assessed in greenhouses and open fields. These steps are necessary for the formulation of effective, environment-friendly fungal secondary metabolites-derived bioherbicides using new technologies such as nanomaterials. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bendejacq-Seychelles
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Gibot-Leclerc
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Guillemin
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gregory Mouille
- Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
| | - Christian Steinberg
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Siciliano A, Zorrilla JG, Saviano L, Cimmino A, Guida M, Masi M, Meyer S. Insights into the Ecotoxicology of Radicinin and (10 S,11 S)-(-)- epi-Pyriculol, Fungal Metabolites with Potential Application for Buffelgrass ( Cenchrus ciliaris) Biocontrol. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:405. [PMID: 37368705 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) is an invasive C4 perennial grass species that substantially reduces native plant diversity of the Sonoran Desert through fire promotion and resource competition. Broad-spectrum herbicides are essentially used for its control, but they have a negative environmental and ecological impact. Recently, phytotoxicity on C. ciliaris has been discovered for two metabolites produced in vitro by the phytopathogenic fungi Cochliobolus australiensis and Pyricularia grisea. They were identified as (10S,11S)-(-)-epi-pyriculol and radicinin and resulted in being potential candidates for the development of bioherbicides for buffelgrass biocontrol. They have already shown promising results, but their ecotoxicological profiles and degradability have been poorly investigated. In this study, ecotoxicological tests against representative organisms from aquatic ecosystems (Aliivibrio fischeri bacterium, Raphidocelis subcapitata alga, and Daphnia magna crustacean) revealed relatively low toxicity for these compounds, supporting further studies for their practical application. The stability of these metabolites in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 8692:2012 culture medium under different temperatures and light conditions was also evaluated, revealing that 98.90% of radicinin degraded after 3 days in sunlight. Significant degradation percentages (59.51-73.82%) were also obtained at room temperature, 30 °C or under ultraviolet (254 nm) light exposure. On the other hand, (10S,11S)-epi-pyriculol showed more stability under all the aforementioned conditions (49.26-65.32%). The sunlight treatment was also shown to be most effective for the degradation of this metabolite. These results suggest that radicinin could provide rapid degradability when used in agrochemical formulations, whereas (10S,11S)-epi-pyriculol stands as a notably more stable compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Siciliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Jesús G Zorrilla
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Saviano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Susan Meyer
- Shrub Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 369 North 100 West Suite 8, Cedar City, UT 84721, USA
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