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Ye X, Wang Y, Tian Y, Bi R, Li M, Yang C, Zhang L, Gao Y. Metformin alleviates junctional epithelium senescence via the AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy pathway in periodontitis induced by hyperglycemia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27478. [PMID: 38496895 PMCID: PMC10944230 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The junctional epithelium (JE) serves a crucial protective role in the periodontium. High glucose-related aging results in accelerated barrier dysfunction of the gingival epithelium, which may be associated with diabetic periodontitis. Metformin, an oral hypoglycemic therapeutic, has been proposed as a anti-aging agent. This study aimed to clarify the effect of metformin on diabetic periodontitis and explore its mechanism in ameliorating senescence of JE during hyperglycemia. The db/db mice was used as a diabetic model mice and alterations in the periodontium were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. An ameloblast-like cell line (ALC) was cultured with high glucose to induce senescence. Cellular senescence and oxidative stress were evaluated by SA-β-gal staining and Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Senescence biomarkers, P21 and P53, and autophagy markers, LC3-II/LC3-I, were measured by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. To construct a stable SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) overexpression cell line, we transfected ALCs with lentiviral vectors overexpressing the mouse SIRT1 gene. Cellular senescence was increased in the JE of db/db mice and the periodontium was destroyed, which could be alleviated by metformin. Moreover, oxidative stress and cellular senescence in a high glucose environment were reduced by metformin in in-vitro assays. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 could dampen the effects of metformin. Overexpression of SIRT1 resulted in increased autophagy and decreased oxidative stress and cellular senescence. Meanwhile, AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) inhibition reversed the anti-senescence effects of metformin. Overall, these results suggest that metformin alleviates periodontal damage in db/db mice and cellular senescence in ALCs under high glucose conditions via the AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ye
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yanying Tian
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
| | - Ruonan Bi
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Institute of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yuguang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
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Jiang W, Wang Y, Cao Z, Chen Y, Si C, Sun X, Huang S. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategy. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:853-863. [PMID: 37332252 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tooth-supporting tissue and has become the leading cause of adult tooth loss. The most central pathological features of periodontitis are tissue damage and inflammatory reaction. As the energy metabolism center of eukaryotic cells, mitochondrion plays a notable role in various processes, such as cell function and inflammatory response. When the intracellular homeostasis of mitochondrion is disrupted, it can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and inability to generate adequate energy to maintain basic cellular biochemical reactions. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the initiation and development of periodontitis. The excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, imbalance of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial DNA damage can all affect the development and progression of periodontitis. Thus, targeted mitochondrial therapy is potentially promising in periodontitis treatment. In this review, we summarize the above mitochondrial mechanism in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and discuss some potential approaches that can exert therapeutic effects on periodontitis by modulating mitochondrial activity. The understanding and summary of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis might provide new research directions for pathological intervention or treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zelin Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenli Si
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Leija-Montoya AG, González-Ramírez J, Serafín-Higuera I, Sandoval-Basilio J, Isiordia-Espinoza M, Serafín-Higuera N. Emerging avenues linking myeloid-derived suppressor cells to periodontal disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 375:165-189. [PMID: 36967152 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is one of the most common inflammatory disorders in humans. Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease and its progression can lead to periodontitis, an inflammatory disease characterized by soft tissue damage that can lead to progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Diverse populations of immune cells are involved in periodontal disease. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells derived from hematopoietic precursor cells and exhibit T cell immunosuppressive functions that are thought to be involved in periodontal disease. Therefore, MDSCs have been recently analyzed in the context of this disease. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances in the characterization of the biological aspects, subpopulations, and traffic of MDSCs, as well as their immunosuppressive and osteoclastogenic activity in the context of periodontal disease and in the presence of key periodontal pathogens.
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Zhou M, Graves DT. Impact of the host response and osteoblast lineage cells on periodontal disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998244. [PMID: 36304447 PMCID: PMC9592920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis involves the loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone. Single cell RNA-seq experiments have provided new insight into how resident cells and infiltrating immune cells function in response to bacterial challenge in periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is induced by a combined innate and adaptive immune response to bacterial dysbiosis that is initiated by resident cells including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which recruit immune cells. Chemokines and cytokines stimulate recruitment of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis in response to TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, RANKL and other factors. Inflammation also suppresses coupled bone formation to limit repair of osteolytic lesions. Bone lining cells, osteocytes and periodontal ligament cells play a key role in both processes. The periodontal ligament contains cells that exhibit similarities to tendon cells, osteoblast-lineage cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Bone lining cells consisting of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoprogenitors and osteoblasts are influenced by osteocytes and stimulate formation of osteoclast precursors through MCSF and RANKL, which directly induce osteoclastogenesis. Following bone resorption, factors are released from resorbed bone matrix and by osteoclasts and osteal macrophages that recruit osteoblast precursors to the resorbed bone surface. Osteoblast differentiation and coupled bone formation are regulated by multiple signaling pathways including Wnt, Notch, FGF, IGF-1, BMP, and Hedgehog pathways. Diabetes, cigarette smoking and aging enhance the pathologic processes to increase bone resorption and inhibit coupled bone formation to accelerate bone loss. Other bone pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-menopausal osteoporosis and bone unloading/disuse also affect osteoblast lineage cells and participate in formation of osteolytic lesions by promoting bone resorption and inhibiting coupled bone formation. Thus, periodontitis involves the activation of an inflammatory response that involves a large number of cells to stimulate bone resorption and limit osseous repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dana T. Graves,
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Dave JR, Chandekar SS, Behera S, Desai KU, Salve PM, Sapkal NB, Mhaske ST, Dewle AM, Pokare PS, Page M, Jog A, Chivte PA, Srivastava RK, Tomar GB. Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells retain their growth and immunomodulatory characteristics independent of donor age. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm6504. [PMID: 35749495 PMCID: PMC9232118 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm6504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging has been reported to deteriorate the quantity and quality of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which affect their therapeutic use in regenerative medicine. A dearth of age-related stem cell research further restricts their clinical applications. The present study explores the possibility of using MSCs derived from human gingival tissues (GMSCs) for studying their ex vivo growth characteristics and differentiation potential with respect to donor age. GMSCs displayed decreased in vitro adipogenesis and in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis with age, but in vitro neurogenesis remained unaffected. An increased expression of p53 and SIRT1 with donor age was correlated to their ability of eliminating tumorigenic events through apoptosis or autophagy, respectively. Irrespective of donor age, GMSCs displayed effective immunoregulation and regenerative potential in a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury. Thus, we suggest the potential of GMSCs for designing cell-based immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches and their further extrapolation for acute inflammatory conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Dave
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayali S. Chandekar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shubhanath Behera
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Kaushik U. Desai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradnya M. Salve
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha B. Sapkal
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Suhas T. Mhaske
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankush M. Dewle
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Parag S. Pokare
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
| | - Megha Page
- Department of Dentistry, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, 411004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Jog
- Department of Dentistry, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, 411004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj A. Chivte
- Saraswati Danwantri Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, 431401 Maharashtra, India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Geetanjali B. Tomar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 Maharashtra, India
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Bazarnyi VV, Mandra YV, Sidenkova AP, Polushina LG, Maksimova AY, Sementsova EA, Svetlakova EN, Nasretdinova NY, Kotikova AY. Age features of buccal epithelium in practically healthy people. Klin Lab Diagn 2022; 67:345-349. [PMID: 35749599 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-6-345-349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, buccal epithelium has been used to study age-dependent processes. This approach is of particular relevance due to its non-invasiveness. The purpose of this study is to establish the normal values of the buccal cytogram in different age groups, including athletes. 200 practically healthy volunteers of different ages were examined, who were divided into 5 groups in accordance with the WHO age classification. In addition, 125 professional athletes took part in the study. All patients underwent a comprehensive dental examination and a standard cytological examination of buccal smears. It has been established that the cytological characteristics of buccal epitheliocytes, indirectly reflecting disorders of the nuclear apparatus of the cell, did not change significantly with age, but there was a certain upward trend in the number of cells with such anomalies (micronucleus, protrusions).The number of binuclear cells and the apoptotic index also slightly increase with age. At the same time, a high positive correlation was found between the apoptosis index and senile age. In young athletes, an increase in the number of buccal epitheliocytes with a perinuclear vacuole (an early sign of cell damage) was foundAnalysis of the cytological examination results of the buccal epithelium in people a slight increase in the level of cytological abnormalities in old age, in particular, signs of apoptosis. In addition, in healthy young athletes (18 years old - 44 years old), an increase in the number of cells with signs of nuclear degradation, which most likely reflects increased mechanical stress on the maxillofacial apparatus during sports activities.
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Chang WC, Tai AZ, Tsai NY, Li YCE. An Injectable Hybrid Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)/Phenyl Isothiocyanate-Modified Gelatin (Gel-Phe) Bioadhesive for Oral/Dental Hemostasis Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2386. [PMID: 34301143 PMCID: PMC8309571 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials are widely used for effectively controlling bleeding in oral/dental surgical procedures. Here, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was synthesized by grafting methacrylic anhydride on gelatin backbone, and phenyl isothiocyanate-modified gelatin (Gel-Phe) was synthesized by conjugating different gelatin/phenyl isothiocyanate molar ratios (G/P ratios) (i.e., 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100, and 1:150) with gelatin polymer chains. Afterward, we combined GelMA and Gel-Phe as an injectable and photo-crosslinkable bioadhesive. This hybrid material system combines photo-crosslinking chemistry and supramolecular interactions for the design of bioadhesives exhibiting a highly porous structure, injectability, and regulable mechanical properties. By simply regulating the G/P ratio (1:1-1:15) and UV exposure times (15-60 s), it was possible to modulate the injectability and mechanical properties of the GelMA/Gel-Phe bioadhesive. Moreover, we demonstrated that the GelMA/Gel-Phe bioadhesive showed low cytotoxicity, a highly porous network, and the phenyl-isothiourea and amine residues on Gel-Phe and GelMA polymers with synergized hemostatic properties towards fast blood absorption and rapid clotting effect. An in vitro porcine skin bleeding and an in vitro dental bleeding model confirmed that the bioadhesive could be directly extruded into the bleeding site, rapidly photo-crosslinked, and reduced blood clotting time by 45%. Moreover, the in situ crosslinked bioadhesive could be easily removed from the bleeding site after clotting, avoiding secondary wound injury. Overall, this injectable GelMA/Gel-Phe bioadhesive stands as a promising hemostatic material in oral/dental surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (N.-Y.T.)
| | - Au-Zou Tai
- Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan;
| | - Nian-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (N.-Y.T.)
| | - Yi-Chen Ethan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (N.-Y.T.)
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