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Meneses DG, Dos Santos FR, Botelho AJ, Bispo LM, Matos CG, Propheta VGS, Rodrigues AF, Oliveira GU, da Silva AM, Gurgel RQ. Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: a high heterogeneity of symptoms and genotypes in a Brazil population. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:422. [PMID: 38956483 PMCID: PMC11218259 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In highly multiracial populations with inadequate newborn screening, knowledge of the various phenotypic presentations of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) can help reach an early diagnosis. This study aims to describe phenotypes and genotypes at the time of CF diagnosis in a state in the Northeast Region of Brazil. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study. Clinical data were extracted from the medical records of CF patients. Clinical, laboratory, and genotypic characteristics were described for patients admitted to a tertiary referral center between 2007 and 2021. RESULTS Fifty-eight (58) patients were included in the study, 53.5% of whom were diagnosed through clinical suspicion. The median age at diagnosis was 4.7 months (IQR: 1.5-14.8 months). Five patients had false-negative results in the newborn screening. Faltering growth was the most frequent clinical manifestation. Bronchiectasis and a history of pneumonia predominated in those older than ten, while thinness, underweight, and electrolyte imbalances were more frequent in children under two. Sequencing of the CFTR gene identified 27 genotypes, with at least one class I-III variant in all patients, and nine variants that are rare, previously undescribed, or have uncertain significance (619delA, T12991, K162Q, 3195del6, 1678del > T, 124del123bp, 3121-3113 A > T). The most frequent alleles were p.Phe508del, p.Gly542*, p.Arg334Trp, and p.Ser549Arg. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalances were the most frequent phenotypes for children < 2 years and were associated with genotypes including 2 class I-III variants. Rare and previously undescribed variants were identified. The p.Gly542*, p.Arg334Trp, and p.Ser549Arg alleles were among the most frequent variants in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gois Meneses
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil.
| | - Fábia Regina Dos Santos
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Anne Jardim Botelho
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Luciana Mota Bispo
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Camilla Guerra Matos
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Vynicius Goltran Sobral Propheta
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Alexia Ferreira Rodrigues
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Géssica Uruga Oliveira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria da Silva
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Cao L, Wu Y, Gong Y, Zhou Q. Small molecule modulators of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR): Structure, classification, and mechanisms. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116120. [PMID: 38194776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The advent of small molecule modulators targeting the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) has revolutionized the treatment of persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) (pwCF). Presently, these small molecule CFTR modulators have gained approval for usage in approximately 90 % of adult pwCF. Ongoing drug development endeavors are focused on optimizing the therapeutic benefits while mitigating potential adverse effects associated with this treatment approach. Based on their mode of interaction with CFTR, these drugs can be classified into two distinct categories: specific CFTR modulators and non-specific CFTR modulators. Specific CFTR modulators encompass potentiators and correctors, whereas non-specific CFTR modulators encompass activators, proteostasis modulators, stabilizers, reader-through agents, and amplifiers. Currently, four small molecule modulators, all classified as potentiators and correctors, have obtained marketing approval. Furthermore, numerous novel small molecule modulators, exhibiting diverse mechanisms of action, are currently undergoing development. This review aims to explore the classification, mechanisms of action, molecular structures, developmental processes, and interrelationships among small molecule CFTR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Cao
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- Jiangsu Vcare PharmaTech Co., Ltd., Huakang Road 136, Biotech and Pharmaceutical Valley, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- Jiangsu Vcare PharmaTech Co., Ltd., Huakang Road 136, Biotech and Pharmaceutical Valley, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing, 211800, PR China.
| | - Qingfa Zhou
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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3
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Soya N, Xu H, Roldan A, Yang Z, Ye H, Jiang F, Premchandar A, Veit G, Cole SPC, Kappes J, Hegedüs T, Lukacs GL. Folding correctors can restore CFTR posttranslational folding landscape by allosteric domain-domain coupling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6868. [PMID: 37891162 PMCID: PMC10611759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The folding/misfolding and pharmacological rescue of multidomain ATP-binding cassette (ABC) C-subfamily transporters, essential for organismal health, remain incompletely understood. The ABCC transporters core consists of two nucleotide binding domains (NBD1,2) and transmembrane domains (TMD1,2). Using molecular dynamic simulations, biochemical and hydrogen deuterium exchange approaches, we show that the mutational uncoupling or stabilization of NBD1-TMD1/2 interfaces can compromise or facilitate the CFTR(ABCC7)-, MRP1(ABCC1)-, and ABCC6-transporters posttranslational coupled domain-folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Allosteric or orthosteric binding of VX-809 and/or VX-445 folding correctors to TMD1/2 can rescue kinetically trapped CFTR posttranslational folding intermediates of cystic fibrosis (CF) mutants of NBD1 or TMD1 by global rewiring inter-domain allosteric-networks. We propose that dynamic allosteric domain-domain communications not only regulate ABCC-transporters function but are indispensable to tune the folding landscape of their posttranslational intermediates. These allosteric networks can be compromised by CF-mutations, and reinstated by correctors, offering a framework for mechanistic understanding of ABCC-transporters (mis)folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Soya
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Haijin Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ariel Roldan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Haoxin Ye
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fan Jiang
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Aiswarya Premchandar
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Susan P C Cole
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - John Kappes
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tamás Hegedüs
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085, Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Biophysical Virology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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4
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Soya N, Xu H, Roldan A, Yang Z, Ye H, Jiang F, Premchandar A, Veit G, Cole SPC, Kappes J, Hegedus T, Lukacs GL. Folding correctors can restore CFTR posttranslational folding landscape by allosteric domain-domain coupling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.19.563107. [PMID: 37905074 PMCID: PMC10614980 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.19.563107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The folding/misfolding and pharmacological rescue of multidomain ATP-binding cassette (ABC) C-subfamily transporters, essential for organismal health, remain incompletely understood. The ABCC transporters core consists of two nucleotide binding domains (NBD1,2) and transmembrane domains (TMD1,2). Using molecular dynamic simulations, biochemical and hydrogen deuterium exchange approaches, we show that the mutational uncoupling or stabilization of NBD1-TMD1/2 interfaces can compromise or facilitate the CFTR(ABCC7)-, MRP1(ABCC1)-, and ABCC6-transporters posttranslational coupled domain-folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Allosteric or orthosteric binding of VX-809 and/or VX-445 folding correctors to TMD1/2 can rescue kinetically trapped CFTR post-translational folding intermediates of cystic fibrosis (CF) mutants of NBD1 or TMD1 by global rewiring inter-domain allosteric-networks. We propose that dynamic allosteric domain-domain communications not only regulate ABCC-transporters function but are indispensable to tune the folding landscape of their post-translational intermediates. These allosteric networks can be compromised by CF-mutations, and reinstated by correctors, offering a framework for mechanistic understanding of ABCC-transporters (mis)folding. One-Sentence Summary Allosteric interdomain communication and its modulation are critical determinants of ABCC-transporters post-translational conformational biogenesis, misfolding, and pharmacological rescue.
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Rab A, Yang X, Tracy WF, Hong JS, Joshi D, Manfredi C, Ponnaluri SS, Kolykhalov AA, Qui M, Fu H, Du Y, Davies HML, Sorscher EJ. A Novel 7 H-[1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4- b]thiadiazine-based Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Potentiator Directed toward Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1338-1343. [PMID: 37849531 PMCID: PMC10577695 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal genetic disorder caused by disrupted anion transport in epithelial cells lining tissues in the human airways and digestive system. While cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator compounds have provided transformative improvement in CF respiratory function, certain patients exhibit marginal clinical benefit or detrimental effects or have a form of the disease not approved or unlikely to respond using CFTR modulation. We tested hit compounds from a 300,000-drug screen for their ability to augment CFTR transepithelial transport alone or in combination with the FDA-approved CFTR potentiator ivacaftor (VX-770). A subsequent SAR campaign led us to a class of 7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines that in combination with VX-770 rescued function of G551D mutant CFTR channels to approximately 400% above the activity of VX-770 alone and to nearly wild-type CFTR levels in the same Fischer rat thyroid model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Rab
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Xun Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - William F. Tracy
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Jeong S. Hong
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Disha Joshi
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Candela Manfredi
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Sadhana S. Ponnaluri
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | | | - Min Qui
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory
Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Haian Fu
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory
Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory
Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
| | - Eric J. Sorscher
- Department
of Pediatrics, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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6
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Dreano E, Burgel PR, Hatton A, Bouazza N, Chevalier B, Macey J, Leroy S, Durieu I, Weiss L, Grenet D, Stremler N, Ohlmann C, Reix P, Porzio M, Roux Claude P, Rémus N, Douvry B, Montcouquiol S, Cosson L, Mankikian J, Languepin J, Houdouin V, Le Clainche L, Guillaumot A, Pouradier D, Tissot A, Priou P, Mély L, Chedevergne F, Lebourgeois M, Lebihan J, Martin C, Zavala F, Da Silva J, Lemonnier L, Kelly-Aubert M, Golec A, Foucaud P, Marguet C, Edelman A, Hinzpeter A, de Carli P, Girodon E, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Pranke I. Theratyping cystic fibrosis patients to guide elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor out-of-label prescription. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2300110. [PMID: 37696564 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00110-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around 20% of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) do not have access to the triple combination elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in Europe because they do not carry the F508del allele on the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Considering that pwCF carrying rare variants may benefit from ETI, including variants already validated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a compassionate use programme was launched in France. PwCF were invited to undergo a nasal brushing to investigate whether the pharmacological rescue of CFTR activity by ETI in human nasal epithelial cell (HNEC) cultures was predictive of the clinical response. METHODS CFTR activity correction was studied by short-circuit current in HNEC cultures at basal state (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) and after ETI incubation and expressed as percentage of normal (wild-type (WT)) CFTR activity after sequential addition of forskolin and Inh-172 (ΔI ETI/DMSO%WT). RESULTS 11 pwCF carried variants eligible for ETI according to the FDA label and 28 carried variants not listed by the FDA. ETI significantly increased CFTR activity of FDA-approved CFTR variants (I601F, G85E, S492F, M1101K, R347P, R74W;V201M;D1270N and H1085R). We point out ETI correction of non-FDA-approved variants, including N1303K, R334W, R1066C, Q552P and terminal splicing variants (4374+1G>A and 4096-3C>G). ΔI ETI/DMSO%WT was significantly correlated to change in percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s and sweat chloride concentration (p<0.0001 for both). G85E, R74W;V201M;D1270N, Q552P and M1101K were rescued more efficiently by other CFTR modulator combinations than ETI. CONCLUSIONS Primary nasal epithelial cells hold promise for expanding the prescription of CFTR modulators in pwCF carrying rare mutants. Additional variants should be discussed for ETI indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Dreano
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Régis Burgel
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Respiratory Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis National Reference Center, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- ERN-LUNG CF Network, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aurelie Hatton
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Naim Bouazza
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Chevalier
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Julie Macey
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Leroy
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, CHU, Nice, France
| | - Isabelle Durieu
- Centre de Référence Adulte de la Mucoviscidose, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Équipe d'Accueil Health Services and Performance Research (HESPER) 7425, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Weiss
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, CHU, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Grenet
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Nathalie Stremler
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Ohlmann
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Philippe Reix
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Michele Porzio
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pauline Roux Claude
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Besancon, France
| | - Natacha Rémus
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Mixte, CHIC, Créteil, France
| | - Benoit Douvry
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Mixte, CHIC, Créteil, France
| | - Sylvie Montcouquiol
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Laure Cosson
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, CHU, Tours, France
| | - Julie Mankikian
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Tours, France
| | - Jeanne Languepin
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Mixte, CHU, Limoges, France
| | - Veronique Houdouin
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Le Clainche
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Anne Guillaumot
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Nancy, France
| | - Delphine Pouradier
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hôpital Mignot, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Adrien Tissot
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Pascaline Priou
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, CHU, Angers, France
| | - Laurent Mély
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, Hôpital René Sabran, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Giens, France
| | - Frederique Chedevergne
- Cystic Fibrosis National Pediatric Reference Center, Pneumo-Allergologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Lebourgeois
- Cystic Fibrosis National Pediatric Reference Center, Pneumo-Allergologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean Lebihan
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Adulte, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Clémence Martin
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Respiratory Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis National Reference Center, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Flora Zavala
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Da Silva
- Respiratory Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis National Reference Center, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Mairead Kelly-Aubert
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anita Golec
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Christophe Marguet
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, CHU, Rouen, France
| | - Aleksander Edelman
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hinzpeter
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Girodon
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- These three authors contributed equally to this work as co-last authors
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- ERN-LUNG CF Network, Frankfurt, Germany
- Centre de Ressources et de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose Pédiatrique, Hôpital Mignot, Le Chesnay, France
- These three authors contributed equally to this work as co-last authors
| | - Iwona Pranke
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- These three authors contributed equally to this work as co-last authors
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Tümmler B. Post-approval studies with the CFTR modulators Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor—Ivacaftor. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1158207. [PMID: 37025483 PMCID: PMC10072268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1158207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple combination therapy with the CFTR modulators elexacaftor (ELX), tezacaftor (TEZ) and ivacaftor (IVA) has been qualified as a game changer in cystic fibrosis (CF). We provide an overview of the body of literature on ELX/TEZ/IVA published between November 2019 and February 2023 after approval by the regulators. Recombinant ELX/TEZ/IVA-bound Phe508del CFTR exhibits a wild type conformationin vitro, but in patient’s tissue a CFTR glyoisoform is synthesized that is distinct from the wild type and Phe508del isoforms. ELX/TEZ/IVA therapy improved the quality of life of people with CF in the real-life setting irrespective of their anthropometry and lung function at baseline. ELX/TEZ/IVA improved sinonasal and abdominal disease, lung function and morphology, airway microbiology and the basic defect of impaired epithelial chloride and bicarbonate transport. Pregnancy rates were increasing in women with CF. Side effects of mental status changes deserve particular attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Tümmler
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Burkhard Tümmler,
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8
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Sui H, Xu X, Su Y, Gong Z, Yao M, Liu X, Zhang T, Jiang Z, Bai T, Wang J, Zhang J, Xu C, Luo M. Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis: Challenges and prospects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015926. [PMID: 36304167 PMCID: PMC9592762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal-recessive disease caused by mutations in a single gene encoding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CF effects multiple organs, and lung disease is the primary cause of mortality. The median age at death from CF is in the early forties. CF was one of the first diseases to be considered for gene therapy, and efforts focused on treating CF lung disease began shortly after the CFTR gene was identified in 1989. However, despite the quickly established proof-of-concept for CFTR gene transfer in vitro and in clinical trials in 1990s, to date, 36 CF gene therapy clinical trials involving ∼600 patients with CF have yet to achieve their desired outcomes. The long journey to pursue gene therapy as a cure for CF encountered more difficulties than originally anticipated, but immense progress has been made in the past decade in the developments of next generation airway transduction viral vectors and CF animal models that reproduced human CF disease phenotypes. In this review, we look back at the history for the lessons learned from previous clinical trials and summarize the recent advances in the research for CF gene therapy, including the emerging CRISPR-based gene editing strategies. We also discuss the airway transduction vectors, large animal CF models, the complexity of CF pathogenesis and heterogeneity of CFTR expression in airway epithelium, which are the major challenges to the implementation of a successful CF gene therapy, and highlight the future opportunities and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshu Sui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
| | - Xinghua Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoqing Gong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minhua Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaocui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyao Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianhao Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Junzuo Wang
- The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Changlong Xu
- The Reproductive Medical Center of Nanning Second People’s Hospital, Nanning, China
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
| | - Mingjiu Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
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9
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Bentur L, Pollak M. Trikafta—Extending Its Success to Less Common Mutations. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091528. [PMID: 36143317 PMCID: PMC9504046 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Bentur
- Pediatric Pulmonary Institute, Ruth Children’s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Center, Haifa 31096, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Mordechai Pollak
- Pediatric Pulmonary Institute, Ruth Children’s Hospital, Rambam Health Care Center, Haifa 31096, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (M.P.)
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10
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Januska MN, Langfelder-Schwind E, Berdella MN. Overcoming health disparities in access to CFTR modulator therapies: One child's journey with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2273-2275. [PMID: 35637164 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Januska
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Cystic Fibrosis Center at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elinor Langfelder-Schwind
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Cystic Fibrosis Center at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria N Berdella
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Cystic Fibrosis Center at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Terlizzi V, Centrone C, Ferrari B, Castellani C, Gunawardena TNA, Taccetti G, Laselva O. Modulator Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with cis Variants in F508del Complex Allele: A Short-Term Observational Case Series. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091421. [PMID: 36143206 PMCID: PMC9504164 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies reported the influence of cis variants in F508del cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in their responses to CFTR modulators. The current study is a prospective, observational study involving three patients with CF and pancreatic insufficiency, carrying a complex allele including F508del with A238V, I1027T, or L467F. We report clinical data before and after 4 weeks of treatment with tezacaftor (TEZ)/ivacaftor (IVA), elexacaftor (ELX)/TEZ/IVA, and lumacaftor (LUM)/IVA for patients with complex alleles A238V, I1027T, and L467F, respectively. The 50-year-old patient bearing F508del;A238V/D1152H showed a normal sweat test (13 mEq/L) and improvements in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (+7 points), body mass index (BMI) (+0.85), and respiratory CF Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) domain (+22.2 points). The 12-year-old patient bearing F508del;I1027T/R709X showed an improvement in a sweat test (−40 mEq/l), FEV1 (+9 points) and the respiratory CFQ-R domain (+16.7 points). No changes in outcomes were observed for the 6-year-old patient F508del;L467F/F508del. Our data highlight that the reported variants do not modify the phenotypic expression of F508del. Searching L467F is crucial in CF patients with F508del nonresponsive to ELX/TEZ/IVA. Further data are needed to evaluate the clinical effect of these variants after a longer follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Terlizzi
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (O.L.); Tel.: +39-0881588074 (O.L.)
| | - Claudia Centrone
- Diagnostic Genetics Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ferrari
- Rehabilitation Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Castellani
- Department of Radiology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Tarini N. A. Gunawardena
- Programme in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 8X4, Canada
- Programme in Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 8X4, Canada
| | - Giovanni Taccetti
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Onofrio Laselva
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (O.L.); Tel.: +39-0881588074 (O.L.)
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12
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Laselva O, Criscione ML, Allegretta C, Di Gioia S, Liso A, Conese M. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (IGFBP-6) as a Novel Regulator of Inflammatory Response in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:905468. [PMID: 35903151 PMCID: PMC9322660 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.905468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients are prone to contracting bacterial lung infections with opportunistic pathogens, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Prolonged P. aeruginosa infections have been linked to chronic inflammation in the CF lung, whose hallmarks are increased levels of cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and neutrophil attraction by chemokines, like IL-8. Recently, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP-6) has been shown to play a putative role in the immune system and was found at higher levels in the sera and synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that IGFBP-6 has chemoattractant properties towards cells of the innate (neutrophils, monocytes) and adaptive (T cells) immunity. However, it is not known whether IGFBP-6 expression is dysregulated in airway epithelial cells under infection/inflammatory conditions. Therefore, we first measured the basal IGFBP-6 mRNA and protein levels in bronchial epithelial cells lines (Wt and F508del-CFTR CFBE), finding they both are upregulated in F508del-CFTR CFBE cells. Interestingly, LPS and IL-1β+TNFα treatments increased the IGFBP-6 mRNA level, that was reduced after treatment with an anti-inflammatory (Dimethyl Fumarate) in CFBE cell line and in patient-derived nasal epithelial cultures. Lastly, we demonstrated that IGFBP-6 reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both CFBE and primary nasal epithelial cells, without affecting rescued CFTR expression and function. The addition of a neutralizing antibody to IGFBP-6 increased pro-inflammatory cytokines expression under challenge with LPS. Together, these data suggest that IGFBP-6 may play a direct role in the CF-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onofrio Laselva
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Onofrio Laselva, ; Massimo Conese,
| | - Maria Laura Criscione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Caterina Allegretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Liso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Onofrio Laselva, ; Massimo Conese,
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13
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common genetic disease among the Caucasian population, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride epithelial channel whose dysfunction results in severe airway obstruction and inflammation, eventually leading to respiratory failure. The discovery of the CFTR gene in 1989 provided new insights into the basic genetic defect of CF and allowed the study of potential therapies targeting the aberrant protein. In recent years, the approval of “CFTR modulators”, the first molecules designed to selectively target the underlying molecular defects caused by specific CF-causing mutations, marked the beginning of a new era in CF treatment. These drugs have been demonstrated to significantly improve lung function and ameliorate the quality of life of many patients, especially those bearing the most common CFTR mutatant F508del. However, a substantial portion of CF subjects, accounting for ~20% of the European CF population, carry rare CFTR mutations and are still not eligible for CFTR modulator therapy, partly due to our limited understanding of the molecular defects associated with these genetic alterations. Thus, the implementation of models to study the phenotype of these rare CFTR mutations and their response to currently approved drugs, as well as to compounds under research and clinical development, is of key importance. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the potential of CFTR modulators in rescuing the function of rare CF-causing CFTR variants, focusing on both investigational and clinically approved molecules.
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14
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Barr HL, Bihouee T, Zwitserloot AM. A year in review: Real world evidence, functional monitoring and emerging therapeutics in 2021. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:191-196. [PMID: 35272931 PMCID: PMC8900606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H L Barr
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Nottingham Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - T Bihouee
- Chronic Childhood Diseases unit, Pediatric Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - A M Zwitserloot
- University of Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Laselva O, Guerra L, Castellani S, Favia M, Di Gioia S, Conese M. Small-molecule drugs for cystic fibrosis: Where are we now? Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021; 72:102098. [PMID: 34793977 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is due to the lack/dysfunction of the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel expressed by epithelial cells as the main regulator of ion and fluid homeostasis. More than 2000 genetic variation in the CFTR gene are known, among which those with identified pathomechanism have been divided into six VI mutation classes. A major advancement in the pharmacotherapy of CF has been the development of small-molecule drugs hitting the root of the disease, i.e. the altered ion and fluid transport through the airway epithelium. These drugs, called CFTR modulators, have been advanced to the clinics to treat nearly 90% of CF patients, including the CFTR potentiator ivacaftor, approved for residual function mutations (Classes III and IV), and combinations of correctors (lumacaftor, tezacaftor, elexacaftor) and ivacaftor for patients bearing at least one the F508del mutation, the most frequent mutation belonging to class II. To cover the 10% of CF patients without etiological therapies, other novel small-molecule CFTR modulators are in evaluation of their effectiveness in all the CFTR mutation classes: read-through agents for Class I, correctors, potentiators and amplifiers from different companies for Class II-V, stabilizers for Class VI. In alternative, other solute carriers, such as SLC26A9 and SLC6A14, are the focus of intensive investigation. Finally, other molecular targets are being evaluated for patients with no approved CFTR modulator therapy or as means of enhancing CFTR modulatory therapy, including small molecules forming ion channels, inhibitors of the ENaC sodium channel and potentiators of the calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A. This paper aims to give an up-to-date overview of old and novel CFTR modulators as well as of novel strategies based on small-molecule drugs. Further investigations in in-vivo and cell-based models as well as carrying out large prospective studies will be required to determine if novel CFTR modulators, stabilizers, amplifiers, and the ENaC inhibitors or TMEM16A potentiators will further improve the clinical outcomes in CF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onofrio Laselva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guerra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Favia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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16
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Peters KW, Gong X, Frizzell RA. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Folding Mutations Reveal Differences in Corrector Efficacy Linked to Increases in Immature Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Expression. Front Physiol 2021; 12:695767. [PMID: 34764878 PMCID: PMC8576290 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.695767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that lead to protein misfolding and degradation by the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Previous studies demonstrated that PIAS4 facilitates the modification of wild-type (WT) and F508del CFTR by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-1, enhancing CFTR biogenesis by slowing immature CFTR degradation and producing increased immature CFTR band B. Methods: We evaluated two correction strategies using misfolding mutants, including the common variant, F508del. We examined the effects on mutant expression of co-expression with PIAS4 (E3 SUMO ligase), and/or the corrector, C18. To study the impact of these correction conditions, we transfected CFBE410- cells, a bronchial epithelial cell line, with a CFTR mutant plus: (1) empty vector, (2) empty vector plus overnight 5 μM C18, (3) PIAS4, and (4) PIAS4 plus C18. We assessed expression at steady state by immunoblot of CFTR band B, and if present, band C, and the corresponding C:B band ratio. The large PIAS4-induced increase in band B expression allowed us to ask whether C18 could act on the now abundant immature protein to enhance correction above the control level, as reported by the C:B ratio. Results: The data fell into three mutant CFTR categories as follows: (1) intransigent: no observable band C under any condition (i.e., C:B = 0); (2) throughput responsive: a C:B ratio less than control, but suggesting that the increased band C resulted from PIAS4-induced increases in band B production; and (3) folding responsive: a C:B ratio greater than control, reflecting C18-induced folding greater than that expected from increased throughput due to the PIAS4-induced band B level. Conclusion: These results suggest that the immature forms of CFTR folding intermediates occupy different loci within the energetic/kinetic folding landscape of CFTR. The evaluation of their properties could assist in the development of correctors that can target the more difficult-to-fold mutant conformations that occupy different sites within the CFTR folding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn W Peters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Raymond A Frizzell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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17
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Huang EN, Quach H, Lee JA, Dierolf J, Moraes TJ, Wong AP. A Developmental Role of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease Pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:742891. [PMID: 34708042 PMCID: PMC8542926 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.742891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is a cAMP-activated anion channel that is critical for regulating fluid and ion transport across the epithelium. This process is disrupted in CF epithelia, and patients harbouring CF-causing mutations experience reduced lung function as a result, associated with the increased rate of mortality. Much progress has been made in CF research leading to treatments that improve CFTR function, including small molecule modulators. However, clinical outcomes are not necessarily mutation-specific as individuals harboring the same genetic mutation may present with varying disease manifestations and responses to therapy. This suggests that the CFTR protein may have alternative functions that remain under-appreciated and yet can impact disease. In this mini review, we highlight some notable research implicating an important role of CFTR protein during early lung development and how mutant CFTR proteins may impact CF airway disease pathogenesis. We also discuss recent novel cell and animal models that can now be used to identify a developmental cause of CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Huang
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Henry Quach
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jin-A Lee
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua Dierolf
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amy P Wong
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Three-Dimensional Airway Spheroids and Organoids for Cystic Fibrosis Research. JOURNAL OF RESPIRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jor1040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multi-organ disease caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, with morbidity and mortality primacy related to the lung disease. The CFTR protein, a chloride/bicarbonate channel, is expressed at the apical side of airway epithelial cells and is mainly involved in appropriate ion and fluid transport across the epithelium. Although many animal and cellular models have been developed to study the pathophysiological consequences of the lack/dysfunction of CFTR, only the three-dimensional (3D) structures termed “spheroids” and “organoids” can enable the reconstruction of airway mucosa to model organ development, disease pathophysiology, and drug screening. Airway spheroids and organoids can be derived from different sources, including adult lungs and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), each with its advantages and limits. Here, we review the major features of airway spheroids and organoids, anticipating that their potential in the CF field has not been fully shown. Further work is mandatory to understand whether they can accomplish better outcomes than other culture conditions of airway epithelial cells for CF personalized therapies and tissue engineering aims.
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19
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Management of Individual Patient Expectations When Starting with Highly Effective CFTR Modulators. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080811. [PMID: 34442455 PMCID: PMC8398159 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly effective CFTR modulators such as elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELE/TEZ/IVA will become available for an increasing number of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) in the near future. Before the start of this therapy, many questions may arise concerning the expected effects. We assembled the currently available data from the literature about ELE/TEZ/IVA that focused on commonly asked questions from patients. Overall, the literature so far presents a very hopeful prospect of effects, not only on lung function, but also on nutritional status, sinonasal symptoms and quality of life. The effects in patients with pwCF with severe lung damage are also favorable. Treatment is generally well tolerated. In some cases, patient-derived cell models can help in predicting the effects for individual patients.
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