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Beccacece L, Abondio P, Bini C, Pelotti S, Luiselli D. The Link between Prostanoids and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044193. [PMID: 36835616 PMCID: PMC9962914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global deaths, and many risk factors contribute to their pathogenesis. In this context, prostanoids, which derive from arachidonic acid, have attracted attention for their involvement in cardiovascular homeostasis and inflammatory processes. Prostanoids are the target of several drugs, but it has been shown that some of them increase the risk of thrombosis. Overall, many studies have shown that prostanoids are tightly associated with cardiovascular diseases and that several polymorphisms in genes involved in their synthesis and function increase the risk of developing these pathologies. In this review, we focus on molecular mechanisms linking prostanoids to cardiovascular diseases and we provide an overview of genetic polymorphisms that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Beccacece
- Computational Genomics Lab, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Paolo Abondio
- aDNA Lab, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Carla Bini
- Unit of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susi Pelotti
- Unit of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- aDNA Lab, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
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González LM, Robles NR, Mota-Zamorano S, Valdivielso JM, González-Rodríguez L, López-Gómez J, Gervasini G. Influence of variability in the cyclooxygenase pathway on cardiovascular outcomes of nephrosclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1253. [PMID: 36690661 PMCID: PMC9870986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrosclerosis patients are at an exceptionally high cardiovascular (CV) risk. We aimed to determine whether genetic variability represented by 38 tag-SNPs in genes of the cyclooxygenase pathway (PTGS1, PTGS2, PTGES, PTGES2 and PTGES3) leading to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis, modified CV traits and events in 493 nephrosclerosis patients. Additionally, we genotyped 716 controls to identify nephrosclerosis risk associations. The addition of three variants, namely PTGS2 rs4648268, PTGES3 rs2958155 and PTGES3 rs11300958, to a predictive model for CV events containing classic risk factors in nephrosclerosis patients, significantly enhanced its statistical power (AUC value increased from 78.6 to 87.4%, p = 0.0003). Such increase remained significant after correcting for multiple testing. In addition, two tag-SNPs (rs11790782 and rs2241270) in PTGES were linked to higher systolic and diastolic pressure [carriers vs. non-carriers = 5.23 (1.87-9.93), p = 0.03 and 5.9 (1.87-9.93), p = 0.004]. PTGS1(COX1) rs10306194 was associated with higher common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT) progression [OR 1.90 (1.07-3.36), p = 0.029], presence of carotid plaque [OR 1.79 (1.06-3.01), p = 0.026] and atherosclerosis severity (p = 0.041). These associations, however, did not survive Bonferroni correction of the data. Our findings highlight the importance of the route leading to PGE2 synthesis in the CV risk experienced by nephrosclerosis patients and add to the growing body of evidence pointing out the PGE2 synthesis/activity axis as a promising therapeutic target in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M González
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas S/N 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Nicolás R Robles
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
- ISCIII RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas S/N 06071, Badajoz, Spain
- ISCIII RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Valdivielso
- ISCIII RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, UDETMA, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laura González-Rodríguez
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas S/N 06071, Badajoz, Spain
- ISCIII RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan López-Gómez
- Service of Clinical Analyses, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas S/N 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
- ISCIII RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
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González LM, Robles NR, Mota-Zamorano S, Arévalo-Lorido JC, Valdivielso JM, López-Gómez J, Gervasini G. Tag-SNPs in Phospholipase-Related Genes Modify the Susceptibility to Nephrosclerosis and its Associated Cardiovascular Risk. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:817020. [PMID: 35586043 PMCID: PMC9108153 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.817020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrosclerosis patients have a high cardiovascular (CV) risk that is very often of more concern than the renal disease itself. We aimed to determine whether variants in phospholipase-related genes, associated with atherosclerosis and CV outcomes in the general population, could constitute biomarkers of nephrosclerosis and/or its associated CV risk. We screened 1,209 nephrosclerosis patients and controls for 86 tag-SNPs that were identified in the SCARB1, PLA2G4A, and PLA2G7 gene loci. Regression models were utilized to evaluate their effect on several clinical parameters. Most notably, rs10846744 and rs838880 in SCARB1 showed significant odds ratios (OR) of 0.66 (0.51–0.87), p = 0.003 and 1.48 (1.11–1.96), p = 0.007 for nephrosclerosis risk. PLA2G4A and PLA2G7 harboured several SNPs associated with atherosclerosis measurements in the patients, namely common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT), presence of plaques, number of plaques detected and 2-years ccIMT progression (significant p-values ranging from 0.0004 to 0.047). Eight SNPs in PLA2G4A were independent risk factors for CV events in nephrosclerosis patients. Their addition to a ROC model containing classic risk factors significantly improved its predictive power from AUC = 69.1% (61.4–76.9) to AUC = 79.1% (73.1–85.1%), p = 0.047. Finally, PLA2G4A rs932476AA and rs6683619AA genotypes were associated with lower CV event-free survival after controlling for confounding variables [49.59 (47.97–51.21) vs. 51.81 (49.93–51.78) months, p = 0.041 and 46.46 (41.00–51.92) vs. 51.17 (50.25–52.08) months, p = 0.022, respectively]. Variability in phospholipase-related genes play a relevant role in nephrosclerosis and associated atherosclerosis measurements and CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M. González
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Nicolás R. Robles
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Valdivielso
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, UDETMA, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Juan López-Gómez
- Service of Clinical Analyses, Badajoz University Hospital, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Guillermo Gervasini,
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