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Jin C, Liao S, Lu G, Geng BD, Ye Z, Xu J, Ge G, Yang D. Cellular senescence in metastatic prostate cancer: A therapeutic opportunity or challenge (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:162. [PMID: 38994760 PMCID: PMC11258599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is considered to be a long‑standing challenge. Conventional treatments for metastatic PCa, such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and androgen receptor‑targeted therapy, induce senescence of PCa cells to a certain extent. While senescent cells can impede tumor growth through the restriction of cell proliferation and increasing immune clearance, the senescent microenvironment may concurrently stimulate the secretion of a senescence‑associated secretory phenotype and diminish immune cell function, which promotes PCa recurrence and metastasis. Resistance to established therapies is the primary obstacle in treating metastatic PCa as it can lead to progression towards an incurable state of disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underly the progression of PCa is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The present study reviews the phenomenon of treatment‑induced senescence in PCa, the dual role of senescence in PCa treatments and the mechanisms through which senescence promotes PCa metastasis. Furthermore, the present review discusses potential therapeutic strategies to target the aforementioned processes with the aim of providing insights into the evolving therapeutic landscape for the treatment of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Jin
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
- Medical Imaging School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Sijian Liao
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anshun People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Bill D. Geng
- School of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zi Ye
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
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Figuer A, Santos FM, Ciordia S, Valera G, Martín-Jouve B, Hernández-Fonseca JP, Bodega G, Ceprián N, Ramírez R, Carracedo J, Alique M. Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles in response to indoxyl sulfate: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Life Sci 2024; 351:122810. [PMID: 38871114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular pathology is the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CKD is associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, and indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most abundant uremic toxins found in the blood of CKD patients. We conducted an in vitro study to assess the mechanisms underlying the IS-induced endothelial dysfunction that could lead to cardiovascular diseases. We also studied their extracellular vesicles (EVs) owing to their capacity to act as messengers that transmit signals through their cargo. MAIN METHODS EVs were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and tetraspanin expression. Cell lysates and isolated EVs were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to identify the altered pathways. KEY FINDINGS Proteomic analysis of endothelial cells revealed that IS causes an increase in proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and a decrease in proliferation. Extracellular matrix elements, as well as proteins associated with myogenesis, response to UV irradiation, and inflammation, were found to be downregulated in IS-treated EVs. Fatty acid metabolism was also found to be increased along with adipogenesis and inflammation observed in cells. SIGNIFICANCE The treatment of endothelial cells with IS increased the expression of proteins related to adipogenesis, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism and was less associated with proliferation. Furthermore, EVs from cells treated with IS may mediate endothelial dysfunction, since they present fewer extracellular matrix elements, myogenesis, inflammatory factors, and proteins downregulated in response to UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Figuer
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima M Santos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Valera
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-Jouve
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Hernández-Fonseca
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Bodega
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Ceprián
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matilde Alique
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Ding H, Tong J, Lin H, Ping F, Yao T, Ye Z, Chu J, Yuan D, Wang K, Liu X, Chen F. KLF4 inhibited the senescence-associated secretory phenotype in ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells via PDGFRA/NAMPT/mitochondrial ROS. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8070-8085. [PMID: 38728249 PMCID: PMC11132013 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is one of the significant consequences of ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a critical source of inflammation factors. However, the molecular mechanism by which the SASP is regulated in ECs under ox-LDL conditions remains unknown. RESULTS The level of SASP was increased in ox-LDL-treated ECs, which could be augmented by KLF4 knockdown whereas restored by KLF4 knock-in. Furthermore, we found that KLF4 directly promoted PDGFRA transcription and confirmed the central role of the NAPMT/mitochondrial ROS pathway in KLF4/PDGFRA-mediated inhibition of SASP. Animal experiments showed a higher SASP HFD-fed mice, compared with normal feed (ND)-fed mice, and the endothelium of EC-specific KLF4-/- mice exhibited a higher proportion of SA-β-gal-positive cells and lower PDGFRA/NAMPT expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that KLF4 inhibits the SASP of endothelial cells under ox-LDL conditions through the PDGFRA/NAMPT/mitochondrial ROS. METHODS Ox-LDL-treated ECs and HFD-fed mice were used as endothelial senescence models in vitro and in vivo. SA-β-gal stain, detection of SAHF and the expression of inflammatory factors determined SASP and senescence of ECs. The direct interaction of KLF4 and PDGFRA promotor was analyzed by EMSA and fluorescent dual luciferase reporting analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fan Ping
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tongqing Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiapeng Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Deqiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kangwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Fraile-Martinez O, De Leon-Oliva D, Boaru DL, De Castro-Martinez P, Garcia-Montero C, Barrena-Blázquez S, García-García J, García-Honduvilla N, Alvarez-Mon M, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Diaz-Pedrero R, Guijarro LG, Ortega MA. Connecting epigenetics and inflammation in vascular senescence: state of the art, biomarkers and senotherapeutics. Front Genet 2024; 15:1345459. [PMID: 38469117 PMCID: PMC10925776 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1345459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases pose major health challenges, and understanding their underlying molecular mechanisms is essential to advance therapeutic interventions. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is a cellular state characterized by cell-cycle arrest, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype macromolecular damage, and metabolic dysregulation. Vascular senescence has been demonstrated to play a key role in different vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, chronic venous disease, and venous ulcers. Even though cellular senescence was first described in 1961, significant gaps persist in comprehending the epigenetic mechanisms driving vascular senescence and its subsequent inflammatory response. Through a comprehensive analysis, we aim to elucidate these knowledge gaps by exploring the network of epigenetic alterations that contribute to vascular senescence. In addition, we describe the consequent inflammatory cascades triggered by these epigenetic modifications. Finally, we explore translational applications involving biomarkers of vascular senescence and the emerging field of senotherapy targeting this biological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia De Castro-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin García-García
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Universitary Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Universitary Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
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Hu J, Singh P, Li J, Zhang J, Li F, Zhang H, Xie J. Persistent Hypoxia with Intermittent Aggravation Causes Imbalance in Smad3/Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor Signaling with Consequent Endothelial Senescence and Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2351. [PMID: 37760802 PMCID: PMC10526072 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of Smad3 and the consequent activation of myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF) are associated with vascular pathologies. This study aimed to examine the impact of persistent hypoxia with intermittent aggravation (PI hypoxia) on cellular senescence and pulmonary arterial remodeling mediated by the Smad3/MRTF imbalance. We examined the effects of PI hypoxia on the Smad3/MRTF pathway and cellular senescence using human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and in vivo studies in rats. The senescent degree was evaluated using β-galactosidase staining, p16 quantitation and the measurement of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Structural data in the pathological analysis of pulmonary artery remodeling were collected. Compared to the control, HPAECs and pulmonary tissue from rats exposed to PI hypoxia showed a significantly higher senescent degree, lower expression of Smad3, and higher MRTF levels. The overexpression of Smad3 significantly mitigated HPAECs senescence in vitro. Further, treatment with CCG-203971, which inhibits MRTF, increased Smad3 levels and reduced β-galactosidase positive cells in rat lung tissue. This intervention also alleviated PI hypoxia-induced pathological changes, including remodeling indices of pulmonary arterial thickening, muscularization, and collagen formation. In conclusion, imbalanced Smad3/MRTF signaling is linked to PI hypoxia-induced senescence and pulmonary arterial remodeling, making it a potential therapeutic target for patients with sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (J.H.); (F.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Prachi Singh
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Jingrui Li
- First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730009, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (J.H.); (F.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hehe Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (J.H.); (F.L.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Centre for Sleep Medicine and Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; (J.H.); (F.L.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital Centre for Sleep Medicine and Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Kozlakidis Z, Shi P, Abarbanel G, Klein C, Sfera A. Recent Developments in Protein Lactylation in PTSD and CVD: Novel Strategies and Targets. BIOTECH 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 37218755 PMCID: PMC10204439 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1938, Corneille Heymans received the Nobel Prize in physiology for discovering that oxygen sensing in the aortic arch and carotid sinus was mediated by the nervous system. The genetics of this process remained unclear until 1991 when Gregg Semenza while studying erythropoietin, came upon hypoxia-inducible factor 1, for which he obtained the Nobel Prize in 2019. The same year, Yingming Zhao found protein lactylation, a posttranslational modification that can alter the function of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, the master regulator of cellular senescence, a pathology implicated in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The genetic correlation between PTSD and CVD has been demonstrated by many studies, of which the most recent one utilizes large-scale genetics to estimate the risk factors for these conditions. This study focuses on the role of hypertension and dysfunctional interleukin 7 in PTSD and CVD, the former caused by stress-induced sympathetic arousal and elevated angiotensin II, while the latter links stress to premature endothelial cell senescence and early vascular aging. This review summarizes the recent developments and highlights several novel PTSD and CVD pharmacological targets. They include lactylation of histone and non-histone proteins, along with the related biomolecular actors such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, erythropoietin, acid-sensing ion channels, basigin, and Interleukin 7, as well as strategies to delay premature cellular senescence by telomere lengthening and resetting the epigenetic clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ganna Abarbanel
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Aschacher T, Geisler D, Lenz V, Aschacher O, Winkler B, Schaefer AK, Mitterbauer A, Wolf B, Enzmann FK, Messner B, Laufer G, Ehrlich MP, Grabenwöger M, Bergmann M. Impacts of Telomeric Length, Chronic Hypoxia, Senescence, and Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype on the Development of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415498. [PMID: 36555139 PMCID: PMC9779024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is an age-related and life-threatening vascular disease. Telomere shortening is a predictor of age-related diseases, and its progression is associated with premature vascular disease. The aim of the present work was to investigate the impacts of chronic hypoxia and telomeric DNA damage on cellular homeostasis and vascular degeneration of TAA. We analyzed healthy and aortic aneurysm specimens (215 samples) for telomere length (TL), chronic DNA damage, and resulting changes in cellular homeostasis, focusing on senescence and apoptosis. Compared with healthy thoracic aorta (HTA), patients with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) showed telomere shortening with increasing TAA size, in contrast to genetically predisposed bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). In addition, TL was associated with chronic hypoxia and telomeric DNA damage and with the induction of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). TAA-TAV specimens showed a significant difference in SASP-marker expression of IL-6, NF-κB, mTOR, and cell-cycle regulators (γH2AX, Rb, p53, p21), compared to HTA and TAA-BAV. Furthermore, we observed an increase in CD163+ macrophages and a correlation between hypoxic DNA damage and the number of aortic telocytes. We conclude that chronic hypoxia is associated with telomeric DNA damage and the induction of SASP in a diseased aortic wall, promising a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Aschacher
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-277-00-74316
| | - Daniela Geisler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Lenz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia Aschacher
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Winkler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Mitterbauer
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Wolf
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian K. Enzmann
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Messner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Laufer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marek P. Ehrlich
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Zhang W, Liu B, Wang Y, Sun PHD L, Liu C, Zhang H, Qin W, Liu J, Han L, Shan W. miR-195-3p/BDNF axis regulates hypoxic injury by targeting P-ERK1/2 expression. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31586. [PMID: 36401373 PMCID: PMC9678563 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common heart disease and the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Decreased endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, increased apoptosis, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction are considered vital factors in CHD. In this study, we aimed to determine the expression and role of microRNA-195-3p and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hypoxic-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MEASURES We induced hypoxia in HUVECs using the "anaerobic tank method." RESULTS We found that the levels of microRNA-195-3p and BDNF were upregulated and apoptosis was increased. Furthermore, we found that BDNF/P-ERK1/2 regulated the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway proteins Bcl-2/BAX, which was downregulated under hypoxic conditions. Finally, the microRNA-195-3p inhibitor downregulated BDNF and P-ERK1/2, upregulated the Bcl-2/BAX axis, and partially reversed the effects of hypoxic-induced injury in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic intervention using the microRNA-195-3p/BDNF/P-ERK1/2/Bcl-2/BAX axis could maintain EC function under hypoxic conditions, improve cell activity, and serve as a new treatment strategy for CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- Department of Cardiology, Pingquan City Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Bingshi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Lixian Sun PHD
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Weichao Shan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
- *Correspondence: Weichao Shan, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Shuangqiao District, 36 Nanyingzi Street, Chengde, Hebei 067000, China (e-mail: )
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Matulevičiūtė I, Sidaraitė A, Tatarūnas V, Veikutienė A, Dobilienė O, Žaliūnienė D. Retinal and Choroidal Thinning—A Predictor of Coronary Artery Occlusion? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12082016. [PMID: 36010366 PMCID: PMC9407460 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12082016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) allowed visualization of retina and choroid to nearly the capillary level; however, the relationship between systemic macrovascular status and retinal microvascular changes is not yet known well. Aim. Our purpose was to assess the impact of retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters on prediction of coronary heart disease (CHD) in acute myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic three vessel disease (3VD) groups. Methods. This observational study included 184 patients—26 in 3VD, 76 in MI and 82 in healthy participants groups. Radial scans of the macula and OCTA scans of the central macula (superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses) were performed on all participants. All participants underwent coronary angiography. Results. Patients in MI groups showed decreased parafoveal total retinal thickness as well as GCL+ retinal thickness. Outer circle total retinal thickness and GCL+ retinal thickness were lowest in the 3VD group. The MI group had thinner, while 3VD the thinnest, choroid. A decrease in choroidal thickness and vascular density could predict 3VD. Conclusions. A decrease in retinal and choroidal thickness as well as decreased vascular density in the central retinal region may predict coronary artery disease. OCT and OCTA could be a significant, safe, and noninvasive tool for the prediction of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrė Matulevičiūtė
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-655-06381
| | - Agnė Sidaraitė
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vacis Tatarūnas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audronė Veikutienė
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Olivija Dobilienė
- Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Žaliūnienė
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Mylonas A, O'Loghlen A. Cellular Senescence and Ageing: Mechanisms and Interventions. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:866718. [PMID: 35821824 PMCID: PMC9261318 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.866718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the activation of a cellular phenotype termed senescence and it’s importance in ageing and age-related diseases is becoming more and more evident. In fact, there is a huge effort to tackle these diseases via therapeutic drugs targeting senescent cells named senolytics. However, a clearer understanding of how senescence is activated and the influence it has on specific cellular types and tissues is needed. Here, we describe general triggers and characteristics of senescence. In addition, we describe the influence of senescent cells in ageing and different age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mylonas
- Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence Group, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana O'Loghlen
- Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence Group, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Adam CA, Șalaru DL, Prisacariu C, Marcu DTM, Sascău RA, Stătescu C. Novel Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease-Latest Insights in the Research Field. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094998. [PMID: 35563387 PMCID: PMC9103799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The atherosclerotic vascular disease is a cardiovascular continuum in which the main role is attributed to atherosclerosis, from its appearance to its associated complications. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, population ageing, and burden on both the economy and the healthcare system have led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field. The better understanding or discovery of new pathophysiological mechanisms and molecules modulating various signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis have led to the development of potential new biomarkers, with key role in early, subclinical diagnosis. The evolution of technological processes in medicine has shifted the attention of researchers from the profiling of classical risk factors to the identification of new biomarkers such as midregional pro-adrenomedullin, midkine, stromelysin-2, pentraxin 3, inflammasomes, or endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. These molecules are seen as future therapeutic targets associated with decreased morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Andreea Adam
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Delia Lidia Șalaru
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Prisacariu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Dragoș Traian Marius Marcu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
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