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Hwang B, Ren J, Wang K, Williams ML, Yan TD. Systematic review and meta-analysis of two decades of reported outcomes for robotic coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 13:311-325. [PMID: 39157187 PMCID: PMC11327407 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2023-rcabg-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Despite the well-documented safety and feasibility of robotic coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), widespread adoption of this approach remains limited by its steep learning curve, high procedural costs and paucity of data on longer-term efficacy. This current meta-analysis aims to provide a systematic overview of the outcomes of robot-assisted CABG, with a focus on long term graft patency and freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Methods A systematic literature search of three electronic databases was conducted for studies reporting outcomes of robotic-assisted CABG, and were grouped based on whether patients underwent robot-assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (RA-MIDCAB), totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) or were mixed. Perioperative and mid-to-long term results from included studies were pooled using meta-analysis of proportion or means in a random effects model. Results In the quantitative analysis, thirty-nine eligible studies included 6,152 patients who underwent RA-MIDCAB, 1,729 patients who underwent TECAB and 21,642 patients who underwent either form of robot-assisted CABG. A high level of heterogeneity was observed amongst baseline characteristics. Perioperative mortality and complication rates were low. Conversion rate to full sternotomy overall was less than 3.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1-5.2%, I2=39%]. At a mean follow-up duration of 5.2 years, overall graft patency was 96% for both RA-MIDCAB and TECAB, and freedom from major adverse cardiac events (MACE) or MACCE was 83.2% (95% CI: 72.0-90.4%; I2=90%) for RA-MIDCAB and 91.6% (95% CI: 86.6-94.9%; I2=76%) for TECAB. Conclusions Robot-assisted CABG is observed to have acceptable perioperative and mid-to-long term outcomes with promising overall graft patency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Hwang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin Ren
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine Wang
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael L. Williams
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tristan D. Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Yusuf MM, Bansal V, Gunasekaran S, Kaliyamoorthy D, Kumar AM. Total arterial revascularization using robot assisted minimally invasive coronary artery bypass: an Indian experience. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:42-49. [PMID: 38125327 PMCID: PMC10728025 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the early outcomes of Total Arterial Revascularization using Robot Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass at our center between June 2019 and January 2023. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 195 patients who underwent Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization through Robot Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass procedure (RA-CABG) during the period of June 2019 and January 2023 in a quaternary care center in India. Primary outcome variables were in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome variables included duration of surgery, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, in-hospital stay and perioperative morbidity. The entire patient population was divided into two groups for a subgroup analysis based on when the surgery was conducted i.e. the years since the robotic program was begun at our institution with 81 patients in group I (2019-2021), and 114 patients in group II (2022-2023). Results 195 patients [88.7% male, mean age of 61.34 ± 9.58 years] underwent RA-CABG during the 5-year period (2019-2023) by a single experienced surgeon and his team. Conversion to larger thoracic incisions was required in 5 cases (2.59%). In-hospital and 30-day mortality was 1.02% each. The average length of ICU stay and hospital stay were 2.82 ± 1.17 days and 5.84 ± 1.71 days respectively. The duration of ICU stay correlated with the number of internal mammary artery grafts procured (p = 0.0022). Median duration of follow-up was 11 months. Overall mortality was 3.62% and cardiac related mortality was 2.07%, and 5 patients (2.59%) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Results of the sub-group analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of number of internal mammary artery grafts procured (p = 0.010), need for transfusions (p = 0.00031), ICU stay (p = 0.0005) and in-hospital stay (p = 0.0006). Conclusions Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization through RA-CABG is a viable procedure in select patients. An experienced surgeon and team are required. Further studies in the form of randomized trials with long term follow-up are required to establish the overall utility, effectiveness and benefits to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Bansal
- Apollo Heart Institute, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110076 India
| | | | | | - Aishwarya Mahesh Kumar
- Apollo Heart Institute, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai, 600006 India
- Department of Medical Services, Apollo Hospital, Greams Road, Chennai, India
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Tomura N, Kataoka Y, Morris K, Kiyoshige E, Nishimura K, Yagi N, Murai K, Iwai T, Sawada K, Matama H, Honda S, Fujino M, Takagi K, Yoneda S, Otsuka F, Tahara Y, Asaumi Y, Satow T, Kataoka H, Fukushima S, Fujita T, Noguchi T. Bypass failure of internal mammary artery caused by subclavian artery stenosis: its clinical characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes in patients receiving coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2023; 13:956-967. [PMID: 38162095 PMCID: PMC10753230 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-23-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Background While internal mammary artery (IMA) has become a major conduit of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, subclavian artery stenosis (SAS) could cause subsequent coronary events due to ischemia of myocardial territory supplied by IMA. Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes of SAS-related IMA failure (SAS-IMAF) remain to be fully determined yet. Therefore, the current study was designed to characterize SAS-IMAF in patients receiving CABG with IMA. Methods This is a retrospective observational study which analyzed 380 patients who presented acute coronary syndrome/stable ischemic heart disease (ACS/SIHD) after CABG using IMA (2005.01.01-2020.10.31). SAS-IMAF was defined as the presence of myocardial ischemia/necrosis caused by SAS. Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes [major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) = cardiac death + non-fatal myocardial infarction + non-fatal ischemic stroke], were compared in subjects with and without SAS-IMAF. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and propensity score-matched analyses were used to compare cardiovascular outcomes between those with and without SAS-IMAF. Results SAS-IMAF was identified in 5.5% (21/380) of study subjects. Patients with SAS-IMAF are more likely had a history of hemodialysis (P<0.001), stroke (P<0.001) and lower extremity artery disease (P<0.001). Furthermore, SAS-IMAF patients more frequently presented ACS (P=0.002) and required mechanical support (P=0.02). Despite SAS as a culprit lesion causing ACS/SIHD, percutaneous coronary intervention was firstly selected in 47.6% (10/21) of them. Consequently, 33.3% (7/21) of SAS-IMAF patients required additional revascularization procedure (vs. 0.3%, P<0.001). During 4.9-year observational period, SAS-IMAF exhibited a 5.82-fold [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.31-14.65, P<0.001] increased risk of MACE. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model [hazard ratio (HR) 4.04, 95% CI: 1.44-11.38, P=0.008] and propensity score-matched analyses (HR 2.67, 95% CI: 1.06-6.73, P=0.038) consistently demonstrated the association of SAS-IMAF with MACE. Conclusions SAS-IMAF reflects a high-risk phenotype of polyvascular disease, underscoring meticulous evaluation of subclavian artery after CABG using IMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobunari Tomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Kataoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kensuke Morris
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Eri Kiyoshige
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Yagi
- Division of Cardiology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Uruma, Japan
| | - Kota Murai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Takamasa Iwai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Sawada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideo Matama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Honda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yoneda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Otsuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Asaumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsu Satow
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Kataoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Teruo Noguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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Hu S, Lu R, Zhu Y, Zhu W, Jiang H, Bi S. Application of Medical Image Navigation Technology in Minimally Invasive Puncture Robot. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7196. [PMID: 37631733 PMCID: PMC10459274 DOI: 10.3390/s23167196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle puncture is a standard minimally invasive treatment and surgical method, which is widely used in extracting blood, tissues, and their secretions for pathological examination, needle-puncture-directed drug therapy, local anaesthesia, microwave ablation needle therapy, radiotherapy, and other procedures. The use of robots for microneedle puncture has become a worldwide research hotspot, and medical imaging navigation technology plays an essential role in preoperative robotic puncture path planning, intraoperative assisted puncture, and surgical efficacy detection. This paper introduces medical imaging technology and minimally invasive puncture robots, reviews the current status of research on the application of medical imaging navigation technology in minimally invasive puncture robots, and points out its future development trends and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rongjian Lu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.H.)
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