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Simko P, Leskanicova A, Suvakova-Nunhart M, Koval J, Zidekova N, Karasova M, Majerova P, Verboova L, Blicharova A, Kertys M, Barvik I, Kovac A, Kiskova T. The First In Vivo Study Shows That Gyrophoric Acid Changes Behavior of Healthy Laboratory Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6782. [PMID: 38928485 PMCID: PMC11203575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gyrophoric acid (GA), a lichen secondary metabolite, has attracted more attention during the last years because of its potential biological effects. Until now, its effect in vivo has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the basic physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of GA, which are directly associated with its biological activities. The stability of the GA in various pH was assessed by conducting repeated UV-VIS spectral measurements. Microsomal stability in rat liver microsomes was performed using Ultra-Performance LC/MS. Binding to human serum albumin (HSA) was assessed using synchronous fluorescence spectra, and molecular docking analysis was used to reveal the binding site of GA to HSA. In the in vivo experiment, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats (Velaz, Únetice, Czech Republic) were used. The animals were divided as follows. The first group (n = 6) included healthy males as control intact rats (♂INT), and the second group (n = 6) included healthy females as controls (♀INT). Groups three and four (♂GA/n = 6 and ♀GA/n = 6) consisted of animals with daily administered GA (10 mg/kg body weight) in an ethanol-water solution per os for a one-month period. We found that GA remained stable under various pH and temperature conditions. It bonded to human serum albumin with the binding constant 1.788 × 106 dm3mol-1 to reach the target tissue via this mechanism. In vivo, GA did not influence body mass gain, food, or fluid intake during the experiment. No liver toxicity was observed. However, GA increased the rearing frequency in behavioral tests (p < 0.01) and center crossings in the elevated plus-maze (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, the time spent in the open arm was prolonged (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Notably, GA was able to pass through the blood-brain barrier, indicating its ability to permeate into the brain and to stimulate neurogenesis in the hilus and subgranular zone of the hippocampus. These observations highlight the potential role of GA in influencing brain function and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Simko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Andrea Leskanicova
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Maria Suvakova-Nunhart
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Jan Koval
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Nela Zidekova
- Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 841 99 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Martina Karasova
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosic, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Ludmila Verboova
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Alzbeta Blicharova
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Martin Kertys
- Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, 841 99 Bratislava, Slovakia; (N.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Ivan Barvik
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Terezia Kiskova
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia; (P.S.); (A.L.); (J.K.)
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Mattova S, Simko P, Urbanska N, Kiskova T. Bioactive Compounds and Their Influence on Postnatal Neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16614. [PMID: 38068936 PMCID: PMC10706651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since postnatal neurogenesis was revealed to have significant implications for cognition and neurological health, researchers have been increasingly exploring the impact of natural compounds on this process, aiming to uncover strategies for enhancing brain plasticity. This review provides an overview of postnatal neurogenesis, neurogenic zones, and disorders characterized by suppressed neurogenesis and neurogenesis-stimulating bioactive compounds. Examining recent studies, this review underscores the multifaceted effects of natural compounds on postnatal neurogenesis. In essence, understanding the interplay between postnatal neurogenesis and natural compounds could bring novel insights into brain health interventions. Exploiting the therapeutic abilities of these compounds may unlock innovative approaches to enhance cognitive function, mitigate neurodegenerative diseases, and promote overall brain well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Terezia Kiskova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia; (S.M.); (P.S.); (N.U.)
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Torres-Benítez A, Ortega-Valencia JE, Jara-Pinuer N, Sanchez M, Vargas-Arana G, Gómez-Serranillos MP, Simirgiotis MJ. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and phytoconstituents of lichen extracts with temperate and polar distribution. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1251856. [PMID: 38026927 PMCID: PMC10646315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1251856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical composition of ethanolic extracts of the lichen species Placopsis contortuplicata, Ochrolechia frigida, and Umbilicaria antarctica, their antioxidant activity, and enzymatic inhibition through in vitro and molecular docking analysis. In total phenol content, FRAP, ORAC, and DPPH assays, the extracts showed significant antioxidant activity, and in in vitro assays for the inhibition of pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase enzymes, together with in silico studies for the prediction of pharmacokinetic properties, toxicity risks, and intermolecular interactions of compounds, the extracts evidenced inhibitory potential. A total of 13 compounds were identified by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in P. contortuplicata, 18 compounds in O. frigida, and 12 compounds in U. antarctica. This study contributes to the knowledge of the pool of bioactive compounds present in lichens of temperate and polar distribution and biological characteristics that increase interest in the discovery of natural products that offer alternatives for treatment studies of diseases related to oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Torres-Benítez
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Nicolás Jara-Pinuer
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marta Sanchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenue Abelardo Quiñones, Iquitos, Peru
- Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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