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Beere V, Choudhary K, Bisht P, Rai A, Kumar N. Prediction of molecular targets for antidepressant potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Tamarindus indica using network pharmacology approach and evaluating its efficacy in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress model in mice. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:232. [PMID: 39280801 PMCID: PMC11399486 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of psychological disorders has surged since the 1990s, posing a significant global health burden with depressed individuals averaging six lost hours per week and contributing to over 20% of all missed workdays. Current antidepressants, while effective for some, have limited efficacy, dietary restrictions, and adverse effects, including liver damage and hypertension. Natural remedies offer promising therapeutic potential with minimal side effects. Tamarindus indica (TI) is a plant that grows in the shape of a tree. Network pharmacology of TI revealed the key targets MAPK, D1-6, 5HT, DAT, MAO, COMT, PKA, PKC, AKT, and VMAT, which are linked to prominent key pathways such as dopaminergic and serotonergic. The cell viability assays on SH-Sy5y cells indicated a favourable safety profile with an IC50 of 573.99 µg/ml and further, the in vivo efficacy was observed through Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) model in mice. The hydroalcoholic extract of TI demonstrated antidepressant effects, significantly reducing immobility time in the Tail Suspension Test (TST) and Forced Swim Test (FST). Additionally, locomotor activity, assessed via the Open Field Test (OFT), was significantly increased in the treatment group compared to CUMS mice. Biochemical analyses revealed elevated Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF), decreased cortisol levels, and reduced catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) concentration in TI-treated (50 mg/kg) groups. These findings underscore the potential of TI as a natural antidepressant, offering a promising avenue for further therapeutic development in depression management. The current study did not evaluate the level of neurotransmitters in the brain, which will be evaluated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnusai Beere
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102 India
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Khushboo Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102 India
| | - Priya Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102 India
| | - Amita Rai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar 844102 India
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Yu Z, Li P, Gao D, Hu Y, Xia F, Liu L, Liu J, Liu W, Zhang H. Inhibition of LSD1 via SP2509 attenuated the progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol Res 2024; 72:797-810. [PMID: 38722530 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, and cartilage and bone destruction. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), an enzyme involved in transcriptional regulation, has an unclear role in synovial inflammation, fibroblast-like synoviocytes migration, and invasion during RA pathogenesis. In this study, we observed increased LSD1 expression in RA synovial tissues and in TNF-α-stimulated MH7A cells. SP2509, an LSD1 antagonist, directly reduced LSD1 expression and reversed the elevated levels of proteins associated with inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation, and autophagy induced by TNF-α. Furthermore, SP2509 inhibited the migratory capacity of MH7A cells, which was enhanced by TNF-α. In CIA models, SP2509 treatment ameliorated RA development, reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviating joint pathological symptoms. These findings underscore the significance of LSD1 in RA and propose the therapeutic potential of SP2509.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peipei Li
- Department of Operating Room, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dagong Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yalong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qidong People's Hospital, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haiping Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, No.666 Shengli Road, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu Y, Luo J, Xu B. Elucidation of Anti-Obesity Mechanisms of Phenolics in Artemisiae argyi Folium (Aiye) by Integrating LC-MS, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:656. [PMID: 38929640 PMCID: PMC11205026 DOI: 10.3390/life14060656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity is a pressing health issue, increasing the medical burden and posing significant health risks to humans. The side effects and complications associated with conventional medication and surgery have spurred the search for anti-obesity drugs from plant resources. Previous studies have suggested that Artemisiae argyi Folium (Aiye) water extracts could inhibit pancreatic lipase activities, control body weight increase, and improve the plasma lipids profile. However, the exact components and mechanisms were not precisely understood. Therefore, this research aims to identify the chemical profile of Aiye and provide a comprehensive prediction of its anti-obesity mechanisms. The water extract of Aiye was subjected to LC-MS analysis, which identified 30 phenolics. The anti-obesity mechanisms of these phenolics were then predicted, employing network pharmacology and molecular docking. Among the 30 phenolics, 21 passed the drug-likeness screening and exhibited 486 anti-obesity targets. The enrichment analysis revealed that these phenolics may combat obesity through PI3K-Akt signaling and MAPK, prolactin, and cAMP signaling pathways. Eight phenolics and seven central targets were selected for molecular docking, and 45 out of 56 docking had a binding affinity of less than -5 kcal/mol. This research has indicated the potential therapy targets and signaling pathways of Aiye in combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory IRADS and Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinhai Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory IRADS and Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory IRADS and Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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Upadhyay DB, Mokariya JA, Patel PJ, Patel SG, Das A, Nandi A, Nogales J, More N, Kumar A, Rajani DP, Narayan M, Kumar J, Banerjee S, Sahoo SK, Patel HM. Indole clubbed 2,4-thiazolidinedione linked 1,2,3-triazole as a potent antimalarial and antibacterial agent against drug-resistant strain and molecular modeling studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300673. [PMID: 38247229 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In the face of escalating challenges of microbial resistance strains, this study describes the design and synthesis of 5-({1-[(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives, which have demonstrated significant antimicrobial properties. Compared with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of ciprofloxacin on the respective strains, compounds 5a, 5d, 5g, 5l, and 5m exhibited potent antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 16 to 25 µM. Almost all the synthesized compounds showed lower MIC compared to standards against vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Additionally, the majority of the synthesized compounds demonstrated remarkable antifungal activity, against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, as compared to nystatin, griseofulvin, and fluconazole. Furthermore, the majority of compounds exhibited notable inhibitory effects against the Plasmodium falciparum strain, having IC50 values ranging from 1.31 to 2.79 μM as compared to standard quinine (2.71 μM). Cytotoxicity evaluation of compounds 5a-q on SHSY-5Y cells at up to 100 μg/mL showed no adverse effects. Comparison with control groups highlights their noncytotoxic characteristics. Molecular docking confirmed compound binding to target active sites, with stable protein-ligand complexes displaying drug-like molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed dynamic stability and interactions. Rigorous tests and molecular modeling unveil the effectiveness of the compounds against drug-resistant microbes, providing hope for new antimicrobial compounds with potential safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti B Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jaydeep A Mokariya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Paras J Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Subham G Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Joaquina Nogales
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Nachiket More
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Dhanji P Rajani
- Microcare Laboratory and Tuberculosis Diagnosis & Research Center, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Jyotish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Suban K Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, SV National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitendra M Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
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Nandi A, Nigar T, Das A, Dey YN. Network pharmacology analysis of Plumbago zeylanica to identify the therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms involved in ameliorating hemorrhoids. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37948311 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2280681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Plumbago zeylanica is an important plant used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for the treatment of hemorrhoids or piles. Despite its clinical uses, its molecular mechanism, for ameliorating hemorrhoids is not yet explored. Hence, the present study evaluated the plausible molecular mechanisms of P. zeylanica in the treatment of hemorrhoids using network pharmacology and other in silico analysis. Network pharmacology was carried out by protein, GO, and KEGG enrichment analysis. Further ADME/T, molecular docking and dynamics studies of the resultant bioactive compounds of P. zeylanica with the regulated proteins were evaluated. Results of the network pharmacology analysis revealed that the key pathways and plausible molecular mechanisms involved in the treatment effects of P. zeylanica on hemorrhoids are cell migration, proliferation, motility, and apoptosis which are synchronized by cancer, focal adhesion, and by signalling relaxin, Rap1, and calcium pathways which indicates the involvement of angiogenesis and vasodilation which are the characteristic features of hemorrhoids. Further, the molecular docking and dynamics studies revealed that the bio active ingredients of P. zeylanica strongly bind with the key target proteins in the ambiance of hemorrhoids. Hence, the study revealed the mechanism of P. zeylanica in ameliorating hemorrhoids.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Nandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, West Bengal, India
| | - Tanzeem Nigar
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, West Bengal, India
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Chattaraj B, Khanal P, Nandi A, Das A, Sharma A, Mitra S, Dey YN. Network pharmacology and molecular modelling study of Enhydra fluctuans for the prediction of the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15400-15410. [PMID: 36914227 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2189476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
In view of the ethno medicinal use of Enhydra fluctuans for the treatment of kidney stones; the present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis through a network pharmacology approach. The phytoconstituents were queried in DIGEP-Pred to identify the regulated proteins. The modulated proteins were then enriched in the STRING to predict the protein-protein interactions and the probably regulated pathways were traced in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Further, the network was constructed using Cytoscape ver 3.5.1. Results showed that β-carotene was found to be regulating maximum targets i.e. 26. In addition, 63 proteins were triggered by the components in which the vitamin D receptor was targeted by the maximum phytoconstituents i.e. 16. The enrichment analysis identified the regulation of 67 pathways in which fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis-associated pathways (KEGG entry hsa05418) regulated ten genes. Further, protein kinase C-α was traced in 23 different pathways. In addition, the majority of the regulated genes were identified from the extracellular space via the modulation of 43 genes. Also, nuclear receptor activity had the maximum molecular function via the regulation of 7 genes. Likewise, the response to organic substance was predicted to trigger the top genes i.e. 43. In contrast, Stigmasterol, Baicalein-7-o-glucoside, and Kauran-16-ol were found to have a high affinity to bind with the VDR receptor confirmed by the molecular modelling and the dynamics. Hence, the study elucidated the probable molecular mechanisms of E. fluctuans in managing nephrolithiasis and identified the lead molecules, their targets, and possible pathways.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bornika Chattaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology, Nitte Gulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), NITTE University, Mangalore, India
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Anuppur, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Soumya Mitra
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
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