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Di Marco S, Pilati L, Torrente A, Maccora S, Santangelo A, Cosentino G, Correnti E, Raieli V, Fierro B, Brighina F. Pediatric Migraine and Visual Cortical Excitability: A Prospective Observational Study with Sound-Induced Flash Illusions. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:394. [PMID: 38671611 PMCID: PMC11049238 DOI: 10.3390/children11040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying migraine are more difficult to investigate in children than in the adult population. Abnormal cortical excitability turns out to be one of the most peculiar aspects of migraine, accounting for the manifestations of migraine attacks. Recently, visual cortical excitability has been explored effectively in adult migraineurs with a technique based on cross-modal audio-visual illusions (with sound-induced flash illusions (SIFIs) being reduced in migraineurs compared to non-migraineur subjects). On such a basis, in this study, we investigated visual cortical excitability in children with migraine using SIFIs using combinations of visual and sound stimuli presented randomly. We evaluated 26 children with migraine without aura and 16 healthy children. Migraineurs did not differ from the age-matched healthy subjects regarding fission or fusion illusions but perceived more flashes in trials of multiple flashes with or without beeps. The higher number of SIFIs in migraineur children compared to adults may be due to a greater propensity of visual stimulation to be driven by auditory stimuli (i.e., acoustic dominance). The increased ability to perceive flashes reveals a hyperfunctional visual cortex, demonstrating that the use of SIFIs is a valid tool for assessing visual cortical responsiveness even in pediatric migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Di Marco
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, P.O. “S. Antonio Abate”, 91016 Trapani, Italy
| | - Laura Pilati
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, P.O. “S. Antonio Abate”, 91016 Trapani, Italy
| | - Angelo Torrente
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Simona Maccora
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
- Neurology Unit, ARNAS Civico di Cristina and Benfratelli Hospitals, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Santangelo
- Pediatrics Department, AOUP Santa Chiara Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Cosentino
- Translational Neurophysiology Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Edvige Correnti
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit—ISMEP, “G. Di Cristina” Children’s Hospital—ARNAS Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Raieli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit—ISMEP, “G. Di Cristina” Children’s Hospital—ARNAS Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Brigida Fierro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.D.M.); (L.P.); (A.T.); (S.M.); (B.F.); (F.B.)
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Lee S, Kim KR, Lee W. Exploring the link between pediatric headaches and environmental noise exposure. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38308216 PMCID: PMC10835846 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Headaches are the most common neurologic symptoms in the pediatric population. Most primary headache in children and adolescents focuses on associated factors, including noise. Auditory discomfort is related to recognizing the pain. We aimed to analyze the headache profile of pediatric populations and the connection between noise exposure and head pain in children and adolescents. METHODS We reviewed retrospectively medical records of the pediatric population with headaches in Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital from January 2022 to April 2023. Personal headache profiling from self-questionnaires and environmental noise data from the National Noise Information System (NNIS) were used to analyze each variable, and chi-square tests and linear regression models by SAS were used to analyze the statistical correlation. RESULTS Of the 224 participants, 125 were clinically diagnosed with headaches. Of the 104 pubertal subjects, 56.7% were diagnosed with headaches, compared to 60% in the prepubertal group. Both daytime and nighttime noise was significantly higher in the diagnosed headache group than in the non-diagnosed group. Headache duration increased by daytime and nighttime noise with statistical significance in age-adjusted models. CONCLUSION We found that noise exposure is correlated to headaches in children and adolescents. Daytime and nighttime environmental noise exposure was significantly associated with the duration of headaches through our data. Therefore, we assume that noise exposure is vitally relevant to prolonged headaches in the pediatric population. Further research is needed to improve our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunho Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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