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Indhu KK, Abhilash AP, Anilkumar R, Krishna DD, Aanandan CK. Simplistic metasurface design approach for incident angle and polarization insensitive rcs reduction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21964. [PMID: 39304699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes the design of a metasurface for polarization and incident angle-insensitive RCS reduction applications. An ellipse-shaped unit cell is utilized as a polarization converter, which is then arranged to form a checkerboard surface. While a single layer checkerboard structure gives a wideband RCS reduction, a double layer structure yields polarization and incident angle independent operation. The two layers have unit cells rotated 450 to each other. Experimental results demonstrate an RCS reduction bandwidth of around 90%. Further the RCS reduction remains stable with polarization and incident angle variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Indhu
- Department of Electronics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682022, India.
| | - A P Abhilash
- Department of Electronics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682022, India
| | - R Anilkumar
- Department of Electronics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682022, India
| | - Deepti Das Krishna
- Department of Electronics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682022, India
| | - C K Aanandan
- Advanced Centre for Atmospheric Radar Research, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, 682022, India
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Xie H, Yue X, Wen K, Liang D, Han T, Deng L. Deep-learning based broadband reflection reduction metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:14593-14603. [PMID: 37157320 DOI: 10.1364/oe.486096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Reflection reduction metasurface (RRM) has been drawing much attention due to its potential application in stealth technology. However, the traditional RRM is designed mainly based on trial-and-error approaches, which is time-consuming and leads to inefficiency. Here, we report the design of a broadband RRM based on deep-learning methodology. On one hand, we construct a forward prediction network that can forecast the polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of the metasurface in a millisecond, demonstrating a higher efficiency than traditional simulation tools. On the other hand, we construct an inverse network to immediately derive the structure parameters once a target PCR spectrum is given. Thus, an intelligent design methodology of broadband polarization converters has been established. When the polarization conversion units are arranged in chessboard layout with 0/1 form, a broadband RRM is achieved. The experimental results show that the relative bandwidth reaches 116% (reflection<-10 dB) and 107.4% (reflection<-15 dB), which demonstrates a great advantage in bandwidth compared with the previous designs.
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Qu B, Pang Y, Zhang AX, Yan S, Xu Z. Trifunctional metasurface based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:21260-21267. [PMID: 32680170 DOI: 10.1364/oe.395123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose the design of a metasurface that can achieve three functions in different frequency bands. The proposed metasurface is composed of two kinds of unit cells which are designed on the basis of the spatial k-dispersion engineering of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). By arranging these two kinds of unit cells in the chessboard configuration, the three functions of transmission, anomalous refraction and absorption can be integrated into one metasurface. High transmission and strong absorption can be achieved in 2.0-9.0 GHz and 12.6-20.0 GHz, respectively. Meanwhile, anomalous refraction can be achieved in 10-11.7 GHz due to forward scattering cancellation of two unit cells. To verify the design, a prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured results are consistent with the simulation ones. The metasurface can integrate multiple functions into one aperture and therefore has potential application values in multifunctional microwave devices such as shared-aperture antennas, etc.
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An Ultra-Wide Band Polarization-Independent Random Coding Metasurface for RCS Reduction. ELECTRONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics8101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel ultra-wide band (UWB) random 3-bit coding metasurface with polarization independence has been designed to realize radar cross-section (RCS) reduction. The proposed structure consists of polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs), which possess the capability of rotating linear polarization waves to their orthogonal ones in an UWB. The polarization-independent property can be attributed to the random rotation angle of each constituting unit. Due to the randomness of 3-bit coding and rotation angle of each element, the divergence of the reflected beam is greatly improved. In addition, the effect of RCS reduction with respect to the unit period length and the unit position are also discussed. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and measured to validate the simulation. The experimental results demonstrate that an ultra-wide band RCS reduction over 10 dB, ranging from 18.3–42.2 GHz, can be attained by the proposed coding metasurface and the maximum reduction is 28.7 dB.
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Wideband RCS Reduction Using Coding Diffusion Metasurface. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172708. [PMID: 31450839 PMCID: PMC6747563 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a radar cross-section (RCS) reduction technique by using the coding diffusion metasurface, which is optimised through a random optimization algorithm. The design consists of two unit cells, which are elements ‘1’ and ‘0’. The reflection phase between the two-unit cells has a 180° ± 37° phase difference. It has a working frequency band from 8.6 GHz to 22.5 GHz, with more than 9 dB RCS reduction. The monostatic RCS reduction has a wider bandwidth of coding diffusion metasurface as compared to the traditional chessboard metasurface. In addition, the bistatic performance of the designed metasurfaces is observed at 15.4 GHz, which shows obvious RCS reduction when compared to a metallic plate of the same size. The simulated and measured result shows the proficiency of the designed metasurface.
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Sharma A, Gangwar D, Kumar Kanaujia B, Dwari S, Kumar S. Design of a wideband polarisation conversion metasurface and its application for RCS reduction and gain enhancement of a circularly polarised antenna. IET MICROWAVES, ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2019; 13:1427-1437. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-map.2018.6002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Sharma
- Department of Electronics EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)DhanbadIndia
| | - Deepak Gangwar
- Department. of Electronics and CommunicationBharati Vidyapeeth's College of EngineeringNew DelhiIndia
| | - Binod Kumar Kanaujia
- School of Computational and Integrative SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Santanu Dwari
- Department of Electronics EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)DhanbadIndia
| | - Sachin Kumar
- School of Electronics EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
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Song K, Ji R, Shrestha D, Ding C, Liu Y, Zhu W, He W, Liu H, Guo Y, Tang Y, Zhao X, Zhou J. High-Efficiency and Wide-Angle Versatile Polarization Controller Based on Metagratings. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E623. [PMID: 30791493 PMCID: PMC6416580 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials with their customized properties enable us to efficiently manipulate the polarization states of electromagnetic waves with flexible approaches, which is of great significance in various realms. However, most current metamaterial-based polarization controllers can only realize single function, which has extremely hindered the expansion of their applications. Here, we experimentally demonstrate highly efficient and multifunctional polarization conversion effects using metagrating by integrating single-structure metallic meta-atoms into the dielectric gratings. Benefiting from the combined advantages of the gratings and the metamaterials, the considered metagrating can operate in transmission and reflection modes simultaneously, acting as a high-performance and wide-angle quarter-wave or half-wave plate with distinct functions in different frequency bands. This metagrating structure is scalable to other frequency ranges and may provide opportunities to design compact multifunctional optical polarization control devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Song
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Ruonan Ji
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Duman Shrestha
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, 33620 FL, USA.
| | - Changlin Ding
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Yahong Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Weiren Zhu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wentao He
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Huidong Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Yuhua Guo
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Yongkang Tang
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
| | - Jiangfeng Zhou
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, 33620 FL, USA.
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Study of Energy Scattering Relation and RCS Reduction Characteristic of Matrix-Type Coding Metasurface. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a design of the linear polarization conversion metasurface (MS) for the broadband radar cross section (RCS) reduction based on split-ring resonator (SRR) structure in microwave region. The corresponding phase gradient can be obtained through the stable phase difference of basic units of polarization conversion MS. The designed polarization conversion MS is applied in coded electromagnetic (EM) matrix by defining two basic units “0” and “1”, respectively. Based on the principle of planar array theory, a new random coding method named by matrix-type coding is proposed. Correlative RCS reduction mechanism is discussed and verified, which can be used to explore the RCS reduction characteristic. The simulated linear polarization conversion rate of the designed structure is up to 90% in the frequency range of 6–15 GHz, and the RCS reduction results verify the theoretical assumptions. Two kinds of matrix-type coding MS samples are prepared and measured. The experimental results indicate that the reflectance of MS is less than –10 dB on average under normal incidence in frequency range of 5.8–15.5 GHz. The average RCS reduction is essentially more than 10 dB in frequency range of 5.5–15 GHz and the corresponding relative bandwidth is 92.7%, which reasonably agrees with simulation. In addition, excellent RCS reduction characteristic of the designed MS can also be achieved over a wide incident angle.
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