|
1
|
Zhang J, Luo B, Li L, Liu H. Cutting Characteristics for Sugar Maple Using Single Grit with Spherical Cone and Triangular Pyramid Geometries. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12213621. [PMID: 31689993 PMCID: PMC6861936 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Abrasive belt sanding plays an important role in wood processing. The abrasive grits on the belt perform similar to small cutting tools with negative rake angles. In this study, a series of single-grit scratching tests were carried out on Sugar maple workpieces to investigate the cutting characteristics of two different abrasive-grit shapes. The spherical cone grits had two kinds of included angles, and the triangular pyramid grits provided two cutting forms: one main cutting edge and two side cutting edges as well as two main cutting edges. Both scratching along and across the wood grain direction were conducted. In all cases, the material deformation and surface creation were analyzed, as well as cutting force. Several physical cutting models were established to help further understand the cutting mechanism. A new method was proposed to evaluate the energy consumption of single-grit scratching. The results showed that triangular pyramid grits with sharp cutting edges could sever wood fibers more efficiently, while spherical cone grits are prone to make material plastic deformation mainly manifested as superficial densification and pile-up. When scratching along the wood grain, the triangular pyramid grit with two main cutting edges showed the best cutting performance with better surface quality. It was also shown that the cutting force ratio of spherical cone grits was apparently less than that of triangular pyramid grits. The overall cutting power for spherical cone grits was remarkably higher than that for triangular pyramid grits for both scratching along and across the wood grain, which indicates that triangular pyramid grits have higher cutting efficiency and power utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Bin Luo
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Li Li
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hongguang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Effects of Grinding Passes and Direction on Material Removal Behaviours in the Rail Grinding Process. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112293. [PMID: 30445757 PMCID: PMC6266828 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional finite element model of rail grinding was established to explore the effects of grinding passes and grinding direction on the material removal behaviour of grinding rails during the grinding process. The results indicate that as the number of grinding passes increases, a decrease in the grinding force reduces both the amount of removed rail material and the surface roughness. There is a decrease in the grinding ratio caused by the increase in the wear on the grinding wheel and the decreased removal of the rail material. When the grinding direction changes, the wear of the grinding wheel decreases, which is contrary to the increasing trend of the amount of removed rail material, the grinding ratio, the surface roughness and the grinding force.
Collapse
|