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Ramteke SM, Walczak M, De Stefano M, Ruggiero A, Rosenkranz A, Marian M. 2D materials for Tribo-corrosion and -oxidation protection: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103243. [PMID: 38924802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The recent rise of 2D materials has extended the opportunities of tuning a variety of properties. Tribo-corrosion, the complex synergy between mechanical wear and chemical corrosion, poses significant challenges across numerous industries where materials are subjected to both tribological stressing and corrosive environments. This intricate interplay often leads to accelerated material degradation and failure. This review critically assesses the current state of utilizing 2D nanomaterials to enhance tribo-corrosion and -oxidation behavior. The paper summarizes the fundamental knowledge about tribo-corrosion and -oxidation mechanisms before assessing the key contributions of 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, MXenes, and black phosphorous, regarding the resulting friction and wear behavior. The protective roles of these nanomaterials against corrosion and oxidation are investigated, highlighting their potential in mitigating material degradation. Furthermore, we delve into the nuanced interplay between mechanical and corrosive factors in the specific application of 2D materials for tribo-corrosion and -oxidation protection. The synthesis of key findings underscores the advancements achieved through integrating 2D nanomaterials. An outlook for future research directions is provided, identifying unexplored avenues, and proposing strategies to propel the field forward. This analysis aims at guiding future investigations and developments at the dynamic intersection of 2D nanomaterials, tribo-corrosion, and -oxidation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangharatna M Ramteke
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Magdalena Walczak
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Green Ammonia (MIGA), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Marco De Stefano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Ruggiero
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials (FCFM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nuclei of Advanced MXenes for Sustainable Applications (AMXSA), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Max Marian
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Machine Design and Tribology (IMKT), Leibniz University Hannover, Garbsen, Germany.
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Huang JZ, Ni IC, Hsu YH, Li SW, Chan YC, Yang SY, Lee MH, Shue SL, Chen MH, Wu CI. Low-temperature synthesis of high-quality graphene by controlling the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the precursor. NANO EXPRESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A furnace-free inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP-PECVD) system, which does not require sample heating, was used to grow graphene at a temperature below 300 °C. This studies have found that under low-temperature PECVD growth conditions, liquid precursors are more suitable for preparing low-temperature graphene precursors than gaseous precursors. Hence, benzene is used as a carbon precursor to obtain a sheet resistance of approximately 1.24 kΩ sq−1. In this research, it was discovered that the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the precursor molecule is an important factor while using PECVD to grow graphene. This factor affects the quality of graphene and the sheet resistance value —when the carbon–hydrogen ratio for the precursor molecule is 1:1, graphene has the high quality and lowest sheet resistance; when it is less than 1:2, the graphene that cannot be deposited has the worst quality and sheet resistance. Furthermore, we found that methane, a precursor often used to deposit graphene, will etch graphene under low-temperature conditions, and that acetylene can be used as a precursor to deposit graphene. It was further proven that the carbon–hydrogen ratio of the precursor molecules in the PECVD process caused the reduction in the graphene temperature.
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Ali MM, Mitchell JJ, Burwell G, Rejnhard K, Jenkins CA, Daghigh Ahmadi E, Sharma S, Guy OJ. Application of Molecular Vapour Deposited Al 2O 3 for Graphene-Based Biosensor Passivation and Improvements in Graphene Device Homogeneity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2121. [PMID: 34443952 PMCID: PMC8398646 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based point-of-care (PoC) and chemical sensors can be fabricated using photolithographic processes at wafer-scale. However, these approaches are known to leave polymer residues on the graphene surface, which are difficult to remove completely. In addition, graphene growth and transfer processes can introduce defects into the graphene layer. Both defects and resist contamination can affect the homogeneity of graphene-based PoC sensors, leading to inconsistent device performance and unreliable sensing. Sensor reliability is also affected by the harsh chemical environments used for chemical functionalisation of graphene PoC sensors, which can degrade parts of the sensor device. Therefore, a reliable, wafer-scale method of passivation, which isolates the graphene from the rest of the device, protecting the less robust device features from any aggressive chemicals, must be devised. This work covers the application of molecular vapour deposition technology to create a dielectric passivation film that protects graphene-based biosensing devices from harsh chemicals. We utilise a previously reported "healing effect" of Al2O3 on graphene to reduce photoresist residue from the graphene surface and reduce the prevalence of graphene defects to improve graphene device homogeneity. The improvement in device consistency allows for more reliable, homogeneous graphene devices, that can be fabricated at wafer-scale for sensing and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Munem Ali
- Centre for NanoHealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (J.J.M.); (E.D.A.)
| | - Jacob John Mitchell
- Centre for NanoHealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (J.J.M.); (E.D.A.)
| | - Gregory Burwell
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (G.B.); (K.R.)
| | - Klaudia Rejnhard
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (G.B.); (K.R.)
| | | | - Ehsaneh Daghigh Ahmadi
- Centre for NanoHealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (J.J.M.); (E.D.A.)
| | - Sanjiv Sharma
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK;
| | - Owen James Guy
- Centre for NanoHealth, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; (J.J.M.); (E.D.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Bi K, Mu J, Geng W, Mei L, Zhou S, Niu Y, Fu W, Tan L, Han S, Chou X. Reliable Fabrication of Graphene Nanostructure Based on e-Beam Irradiation of PMMA/Copper Composite Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4634. [PMID: 34443158 PMCID: PMC8401420 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanostructures are widely perceived as a promising material for fundamental components; their high-performance electronic properties offer the potential for the construction of graphene nanoelectronics. Numerous researchers have paid attention to the fabrication of graphene nanostructures, based on both top-down and bottom-up approaches. However, there are still some unavoidable challenges, such as smooth edges, uniform films without folds, and accurate dimension and location control. In this work, a direct writing method was reported for the in-situ preparation of a high-resolution graphene nanostructure of controllable size (the minimum feature size is about 15 nm), which combines the advantages of e-beam lithography and copper-catalyzed growth. By using the Fourier infrared absorption test, we found that the hydrogen and oxygen elements were disappearing due to knock-on displacement and the radiolysis effect. The graphene crystal is also formed via diffusion and the local heating effect between the e-beam and copper substrate, based on the Raman spectra test. This simple process for the in-situ synthesis of graphene nanostructures has many promising potential applications, including offering a way to make nanoelectrodes, NEMS cantilever resonant structures, nanophotonic devices and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Bi
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Jiliang Mu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wenping Geng
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Linyu Mei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (L.M.); (Y.N.); (W.F.)
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Yaokai Niu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (L.M.); (Y.N.); (W.F.)
| | - Wenxiao Fu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (L.M.); (Y.N.); (W.F.)
| | - Ligang Tan
- Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Group Co., Ltd., Mianyang 621000, China;
| | - Shuqi Han
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Xiujian Chou
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology on Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (K.B.); (J.M.); (W.G.); (S.Z.); (S.H.)
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Manetoresistance of Ultralow-Hole-Density Monolayer Epitaxial Graphene Grown on SiC. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172696. [PMID: 31450728 PMCID: PMC6747865 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC) has already found useful applications in high-power electronic devices and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Interestingly, SiC is a suitable substrate for growing monolayer epitaxial graphene and GaN-based devices. Therefore, it provides the opportunity for integration of high-power devices, LEDs, atomically thin electronics, and high-frequency devices, all of which can be prepared on the same SiC substrate. In this paper, we concentrate on detailed measurements on ultralow-density p-type monolayer epitaxial graphene, which has yet to be extensively studied. The measured resistivity ρxx shows insulating behavior in the sense that ρxx decreases with increasing temperature T over a wide range of T (1.5 K ≤ T ≤ 300 K). The crossover from negative magnetoresistivity (MR) to positive magnetoresistivity at T = 40 K in the low-field regime is ascribed to a transition from low-T quantum transport to high-T classical transport. For T ≥ 120 K, the measured positive MR ratio [ρxx(B) − ρxx(B = 0)]/ρxx(B = 0) at B = 2 T decreases with increasing T, but the positive MR persists up to room temperature. Our experimental results suggest that the large MR ratio (~100% at B = 9 T) is an intrinsic property of ultralow-charge-density graphene, regardless of the carrier type. This effect may find applications in magnetic sensors and magnetoresistance devices.
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Hernandez-Aldave S, Tarat A, McGettrick JD, Bertoncello P. Voltammetric Detection of Caffeine in Beverages at Nafion/Graphite Nanoplatelets Layer-by-Layer Films. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E221. [PMID: 30736450 PMCID: PMC6410159 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report for the first time a procedure in which Nafion/Graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) thin films are fabricated using a modified layer-by-layer (LbL) method. The method consists of dipping a substrate (quartz and/or glassy carbon electrodes) into a composite solution made of Nafion and GNPs dissolved together in ethanol, followed by washing steps in water. This procedure allowed the fabrication of multilayer films of (Nafion/GNPs)n by means of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic‒hydrophobic interactions between Nafion, GNPs, and the corresponding solid substrate. The average thickness of each layer evaluated using profilometer corresponds to ca. 50 nm. The as-prepared Nafion/GNPs LbL films were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), FTIR, and optical microscopy. This characterization highlights the presence of oxygen functionalities that support a mechanism of self-assembly via hydrogen bonding interactions, along with hydrophobic interactions between the carbon groups of GNPs and the Teflon-like (carbon‒fluorine backbone) of Nafion. We showed that Nafion/GNPs LbL films can be deposited onto glassy carbon electrodes and utilized for the voltammetric detection of caffeine in beverages. The results showed that Nafion/GNPs LbL films can achieve a limit of detection for caffeine (LoD) of 0.032 μM and linear range between 20‒250 μM using differential pulse voltammetry, whereas, using cyclic voltammetry LoD and linear range were found to be 24 μM and 50‒5000 μM, respectively. Voltammetric detection of caffeine in beverages showed good agreement between the values found experimentally and those reported by the beverage producers. The values found are also in agreement with those obtained using a standard spectrophotometric method. The proposed method is appealing because it allows the fabrication of Nafion/GNPs thin films in a simple fashion using a single-step procedure, rather than using composite solutions with opposite electrostatic charge, and also allows the detection of caffeine in beverages without any pre-treatment or dilution of the real samples. The proposed method is characterized by a fast response time without apparent interference, and the results were competitive with those obtained with other materials reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hernandez-Aldave
- Systems and Process Engineering Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crwmlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Afshin Tarat
- Perpetuus Advanced Materials, Unit B1, Olympus Court, Millstream Way, Swansea Vale, Llansamlet, SA7 0AQ, UK.
| | - James D McGettrick
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Paolo Bertoncello
- Systems and Process Engineering Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crwmlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
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