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Sidharth D, Muchtar AR, Nedunchezhian AA, Arivanandhan M, Jayavel R. Thermoelectric performance of Ge1-xSnxTe (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) prepared by facile method. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.122995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Cao J, Tan XY, Jia N, Lan D, Solco SFD, Chen K, Chien SW, Liu H, Tan CKI, Zhu Q, Xu J, Yan Q, Suwardi A. Improved zT in Nb 5Ge 3-GeTe thermoelectric nanocomposite. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:410-418. [PMID: 34929726 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Robust electronic transport properties is a crucial in designing high performance thermoelectrics. A key similarity between superconductor and thermoelectric lies in their generally high electrical conductivity, even at above its superconducting temperature. In this work, we design a nanocomposite between Nb5Ge3 and GeTe-based thermoelectric to improve its thermoelectric figure of merit zT. Phase and microstructural characterization shows distinct Nb5Ge3 precipitates embed in Ge0.9Sb0.1Te matrix. In addition, experimental electronic and thermal transport analysis, together with density functional theory calculation were employed to show the synergistic effect of doping Sb and Nb5Ge3 nanocomposite approach. 10% Sb doping was found to optimize the electronic properties of the GeTe-based matrix. Further addition of 2 wt% Nb5Ge3 nanocomposite to the matrix enhances the phonon scattering, which consequently lowers the lattice thermal conductivity, which results in zT of up to 2.0 at 723 K. Such superconductor nanocomposite approach shown in this work can be employed to enhance the properties of other thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Xian Yi Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Ning Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Da Lan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575
| | - Samantha Faye Duran Solco
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Kewei Chen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Sheau Wei Chien
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Hongfei Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Chee Kiang Ivan Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Ady Suwardi
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, #08-03, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575
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Wang X, Xue W, Zhang Z, Li X, Yin L, Chen C, Yu B, Sui J, Cao F, Liu X, Mao J, Wang Y, Lin X, Zhang Q. Stabilizing the Optimal Carrier Concentration in Al/Sb-Codoped GeTe for High Thermoelectric Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45717-45725. [PMID: 34541842 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
GeTe is a promising thermoelectric material and has attracted growing research interest recently. In this study, the effect of Al doping and Al&Sb codoping on the thermoelectric properties of GeTe was investigated. Due to the presence of a high concentration of intrinsic Ge vacancies, pristine GeTe exhibited a very high hole concentration and unpromising thermoelectric performance. By Sb doping in GeTe, the hole concentration can be effectively reduced, thus improving the thermoelectric performance. Aluminum, as a p-type dopant in GeTe, will increase the hole concentration and lattice thermal conductivity; thus, it has long been considered as an unfavorable dopant for the optimization of GeTe-based materials. However, when Al and Sb were codoped into GeTe, the hole concentration was effectively suppressed, and the lattice thermal conductivity can be reduced. Eventually, a maximum zT of ∼2.0 at 773 K was achieved in Al&Sb-codoped Al0.01Sb0.1Ge0.89Te.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zongwei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Li Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Ningbo Fengcheng Advanced Energy Materials Research Institute, Fenghua District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315500, China
| | - Jiehe Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Feng Cao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xingjun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jun Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xi Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Blockchain Development and Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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4
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Back SY, Yun JH, Cho H, Byeon S, Jin H, Rhyee JS. High thermoelectric performance by chemical potential tuning and lattice anharmonicity in GeTe 1−xI x compounds. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01281e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electronic ZT value with chemical potential for rhombohedral α- (black line) and cubic β-phase (red line) (a) and the temperature-dependent ZT value of GeTe1−xIx compounds with reference data (b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi Back
- Department of Applied Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Yun
- Department of Applied Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Korea
| | - Hyunyong Cho
- Department of Applied Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Korea
| | - Seokyeong Byeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
| | - Hyungyu Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- South Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Rhyee
- Department of Applied Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin 17104
- Korea
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A Dynamic Multi-Swarm Particle Swarm Optimizer for Multi-Objective Optimization of Machining Operations Considering Efficiency and Energy Consumption. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Facing energy shortage and severe environmental pollution, manufacturing companies need to urgently energy consumption, make rational use of resources and improve economic benefits. This paper formulates a multi-objective optimization model for lathe turning operations which aims to simultaneously minimize energy consumption, machining cost and cutting time. A dynamic multi-swarm particle swarm optimizer (DMS-PSO) is proposed to solve the formulation. A case study is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the DMS-PSO approach can ensure good convergence and diversity of the solution set. Additionally, the optimal machining parameters are identified by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and compared with empirical parameters. It is discovered that the optimal parameters obtained from the proposed algorithm outperform the empirical parameters in all three objectives. The research findings shed new light on energy conservation of machining operations.
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Structural and Magnetic Studies of Bulk Nanocomposite Magnets Derived from Rapidly Solidified Pr-(Fe,Co)-(Zr,Nb)-B Alloy. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071515. [PMID: 32224929 PMCID: PMC7177373 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the phase constitution, microstructure and magnetic properties of the nanocrystalline magnets, derived from fully amorphous or partially crystalline samples by annealing, were analyzed and compared. The melt-spun ribbons (with a thickness of ~30 µm) and suction-cast 0.5 mm and 1 mm thick plates of the Pr9Fe50Co13Zr1Nb4B23 alloy were soft magnetic in the as-cast state. In order to modify their magnetic properties, the annealing process was carried out at various temperatures from 923K to 1033K for 5 min. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns combined with the partial or no known crystal structures (PONKCS) method allowed one to quantify the component phases and calculate their crystalline grain sizes. It was shown that the volume fraction of constituent phases and their crystallite sizes for the samples annealed at a particular temperature, dependent on the rapid solidification conditions, and thus a presence or absence of the crystallization nuclei in the as-cast state. Additionally, a thermomagnetic analysis was used as a complementary method to confirm the phase constitution. The hysteresis loops have shown that most of the samples exhibit a remanence enhancement typical for the soft/hard magnetic nanocomposite. Moreover, for the plates annealed at the lowest temperatures, the highest coercivities up to ~1150 kA/m were measured.
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Study on Surface Condensate Water Removal and Heat Transfer Performance of a Minichannel Heat Exchanger. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The condensate on the surface of the minichannel heat exchanger generated during air cooling substantially reduces the heat transfer performance as it works as an evaporator in the air-conditioning system. This has received much attention in scientific communities. In this paper, the effect of operating parameters on the heat transfer performance of a minichannel heat exchanger (MHE) is investigated under an evaporator working condition. An experimental MHE test system is developed for this purpose, and extensive experimental studies are conducted under a wide range of working conditions using the water-cooling method. The inlet air temperature shows a large effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient, while the inlet air relative humidity shows a large effect on the condensate aggregation rate. The airside heat transfer coefficient increases from 66 to 81 W/(m2·K) when the inlet air temperature increases from 30 to 35 °C. While the condensate aggregation rate on the MHE surface increases by up to 1.8 times when the relative humidity increases from 50% to 70%. The optimal air velocity, 2.5 m/s, is identified in terms of the heat transfer rate and airside heat transfer coefficient of the MHE. It is also found that the heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient increase as the air velocity increases from 1.5 to 2.5 m/s and decreases above 2.5 m/s. Furthermore, a large amount of condensate accumulates on the MHE surface lowering the MHE heat transfer. The inclined installation angle of the MHE in the wind tunnel effectively enhances heat transfer performance on the MHE surface. The experimental results provide useful information for reducing condensate accumulation and enhancing microchannel heat transfer.
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Is LiI a Potential Dopant Candidate to Enhance the Thermoelectric Performance in Sb-Free GeTe Systems? A Prelusive Study. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a workable substitute for toxic PbTe-based thermoelectrics, GeTe-based materials are emanating as reliable alternatives. To assess the suitability of LiI as a dopant in thermoelectric GeTe, a prelusive study of thermoelectric properties of GeTe1−xLiIx (x = 0–0.02) alloys processed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) are presented in this short communication. A maximum thermoelectric figure of merit, zT ~ 1.2, was attained at 773 K for 2 mol% LiI-doped GeTe composition, thanks to the combined benefits of a noted reduction in the thermal conductivity and a marginally improved power factor. The scattering of heat carrying phonons due to the presumable formation of Li-induced “pseudo-vacancies” and nano-precipitates contributed to the conspicuous suppression of lattice thermal conductivity, and consequently boosted the zT of the Sb-free (GeTe)0.98(LiI)0.02 sample when compared to that of pristine GeTe and Sb-rich (GeTe)x(LiSbTe2)2 compounds that were reported earlier.
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Szafraniak-Wiza I, Dzik J, Bochenek D, Szalbot D, Adamczyk-Habrajska M. Preparation and Dielectric Properties of K 1/2Na 1/2NbO 3 Ceramics Obtained from Mechanically Activated Powders. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:ma13020401. [PMID: 31952270 PMCID: PMC7013547 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline based materials have been considered as a replacement for environmentally harmful Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) electro-ceramics. In this paper, the K1/2Na1/2NbO3 (KNN) ceramics were prepared in a three stage process: first Nb2O5, Na2CO3, and K2CO3 were milled in a high energy mill (shaker type) for different periods, between 25 h and 100 h, consecutively a solid state reaction was carried out at 550 °C. Finally, the uniaxially pressed samples were sintered at 1000 °C. The reaction temperature is lower for mechanically activated powders than in the case of the conventional solid-state method. The ceramic samples, prepared from the mechanically activated powders, were investigated by dielectric spectroscopy. The influence of the duration of the mechanical activation on the properties of the ceramic materials, e.g., ceramic microstructures, phase transition temperatures, character of the temperature dependences of dielectric permittivity, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Szafraniak-Wiza
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 24, 61-138 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Dzik
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Institute of Materials Engineering, 12, Zytnia Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (J.D.); (D.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Dariusz Bochenek
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Institute of Materials Engineering, 12, Zytnia Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (J.D.); (D.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Diana Szalbot
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Institute of Materials Engineering, 12, Zytnia Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (J.D.); (D.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Adamczyk-Habrajska
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Institute of Materials Engineering, 12, Zytnia Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (J.D.); (D.B.); (D.S.)
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Gainza J, Serrano-Sánchez F, Biskup N, Nemes NM, Martínez JL, Fernández-Díaz MT, Alonso JA. Influence of Nanostructuration on PbTe Alloys Synthesized by Arc-Melting. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3783. [PMID: 31752118 PMCID: PMC6888120 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
PbTe-based alloys have the best thermoelectric properties for intermediate temperature applications (500-900 K). We report on the preparation of pristine PbTe and two doped derivatives (Pb0.99Sb0.01Te and Ag0.05Sb0.05Pb0.9Te, so-called LAST18) by a fast arc-melting technique, yielding nanostructured polycrystalline pellets. XRD and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data assessed the a slight Te deficiency for PbTe, also yielding trends on the displacement factors of the 4a and 4b sites of the cubic Fm-3m space group. Interestingly, SEM analysis shows the conspicuous formation of layers assembled as stackings of nano-sheets, with 20-30 nm thickness. TEM analysis shows intra-sheet nanostructuration on the 50 nm scale in the form of polycrystalline grains. Large numbers of grain boundaries are created by this nanostructuration and this may contribute to reduce the thermal conductivity to a record-low value of 1.6 Wm-1K-1 at room temperature. In LAST18, a positive Seebeck coefficient up to 600 μV K-1 at 450 K was observed, contributing further towards improving potential thermoelectric efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gainza
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-S.); (J.L.M.); (J.A.A.)
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.B.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Federico Serrano-Sánchez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-S.); (J.L.M.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Neven Biskup
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.B.); (N.M.N.)
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Norbert Marcel Nemes
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.B.); (N.M.N.)
| | - José Luis Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-S.); (J.L.M.); (J.A.A.)
| | | | - José Antonio Alonso
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, C.S.I.C., Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-S.); (J.L.M.); (J.A.A.)
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