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Guo Q, Ma J, Yin T, Jin H, Zheng J, Gao H. Superhydrophobic Non-Metallic Surfaces with Multiscale Nano/Micro-Structure: Fabrication and Application. Molecules 2024; 29:2098. [PMID: 38731589 PMCID: PMC11085871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiscale nano/micro-structured surfaces with superhydrophobicity are abundantly observed in nature such as lotus leaves, rose petals and butterfly wings, where microstructures typically reinforce mechanical stability, while nanostructures predominantly govern wettability. To emulate such hierarchical structures in nature, various methods have been widely applied in the past few decades to the manufacture of multiscale structures which can be applied to functionalities ranging from anti-icing and water-oil separation to self-cleaning. In this review, we highlight recent advances in nano/micro-structured superhydrophobic surfaces, with particular focus on non-metallic materials as they are widely used in daily life due to their lightweight, abrasion resistance and ease of processing properties. This review is organized into three sections. First, fabrication methods of multiscale hierarchical structures are introduced with their strengths and weaknesses. Second, four main application areas of anti-icing, water-oil separation, anti-fog and self-cleaning are overviewed by assessing how and why multiscale structures need to be incorporated to carry out their performances. Finally, future directions and challenges for nano/micro-structured surfaces are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jieyin Ma
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Tianjun Yin
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Haichuan Jin
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiaxiang Zheng
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Q.G.); (J.M.); (T.Y.); (H.J.); (J.Z.)
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Beihang University, Ningbo 315100, China
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Mikolei JJ, Helbrecht C, Pleitner JC, Stanzel M, Pardehkhorram R, Biesalski M, Schabel S, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Single-fibre coating and additive manufacturing of multifunctional papers. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14161-14169. [PMID: 38686290 PMCID: PMC11057565 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Paper-based materials with precisely designed wettabilities show great potential for fluid transport control, separation, and sensing. To tune the wettability of paper, paper sheets are usually modified after the paper manufacturing process. This limits the complexity of the local wettability design. We combined the wettability design of the individual fibres with subsequent paper sheet fabrication through either fibre deposition or fibre printing. Using silica-based cellulose fibre functionalization, the wettability of the paper sheets, containing only one specific fibre type, could be gradually tuned from highly hydrophilic to highly hydrophobic, resulting in water exclusion. The development of a silica-functionalized fibre library containing mesoporous or dense silica coatings, as well as silica with varying precursor compositions, further enabled the variation of the paper wettability and fluid flow. By combining this fibre library with the paper fabrication process by (i) fibre deposition or (ii) fibre printing, the paper wettability architecture and thus the local fibre composition were adjusted without any further processing steps. This enabled the fabrication of papers with wettability integration, such as a wettability pattern or a Janus paper design, containing wettability gradients along the paper sheet cross section. This asymmetric wettability along all three spatial dimensions enabled side-selective oil-water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Judith Mikolei
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christiane Helbrecht
- Paper Technology and Mechanical Process Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alexanderstraße 8 64283 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Janine Christin Pleitner
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Mathias Stanzel
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Raheleh Pardehkhorram
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Markus Biesalski
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular and Paper Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Samuel Schabel
- Paper Technology and Mechanical Process Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alexanderstraße 8 64283 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Macromolecular Chemistry - Smart Membranes, Technische Universität Darmstadt Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Superhydrophobic modification of cellulosic paper-based materials: Fabrication, properties, and versatile applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 305:120570. [PMID: 36737208 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the cheapest and mostly widespread green raw material on earth. Due to the easy and versatile developed modification of cellulose, many cellulosic paper-based sustainable materials and their multifunctional applications have attained increasing interest under the background of the implementation of the "plastic ban" policy. However, intrinsic cellulose paper is hydrophilic and non-water-proof, which highly limited its application, thus becoming a bottleneck for the development of "cellulosic paper-based plastic replacement". Unquestioningly, the superhydrophobic modification of cellulosic paper-based materials and the extension of their high value-added applications are highly desired, which is the main content of this review. More importantly, we presented the comprehensive discussion of the functionalized applications of superhydrophobic cellulosic paper-based materials ranging from conventional products to high value-added functional materials such as paper straw and paper mulch film for the first time, which have great industrialization potential and value. This review would offer the valuable guidance and insightful information for the rational construction of sustainable superhydrophobic cellulosic paper for advanced functional devices.
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Tavakoli M, Ghasemian A, Dehghani-Firouzabadi MR, Mazela B. Cellulose and Its Nano-Derivatives as a Water-Repellent and Fire-Resistant Surface: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:82. [PMID: 35009224 PMCID: PMC8746080 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The inevitable destructive effects of moisture and temperature are obvious in cellulosic and nanocellulosic substrates. These materials are the main foundations of interdependent industries that produce products such as currency notes or high-quality packaging for sanitary, cosmetics, or ammunition in the defense industry. Therefore, it is essential to develop procedures to eliminate problems arising from humidity and fire to improve the quality of these green and sustainable materials. The production of waterproof and flame-resistant cellulose-based substrates has drawn increasing attention to resolve these drawbacks. In this review paper, we have initially summarized the most accessible cellulosic substrates, different kinds of nanocellulose, and the general information about water repellents and intumescent fireproof surfaces. Then, the potential and necessity of using cellulosic biobased substrates are addressed for use in modified shapes as waterproof and fire inhibitor coatings. Cost-effective, eco-friendly, and durable, dual-function coatings are also introduced as future challenges, which are exploited as water-repellents and flame-retardant cellulose-based surfaces for pulp and paper applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Tavakoli
- Department of Pulp and Paper Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan 4913815739, Iran or (M.T.); (A.G.); (M.R.D.-F.)
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ali Ghasemian
- Department of Pulp and Paper Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan 4913815739, Iran or (M.T.); (A.G.); (M.R.D.-F.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Dehghani-Firouzabadi
- Department of Pulp and Paper Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan 4913815739, Iran or (M.T.); (A.G.); (M.R.D.-F.)
| | - Bartłomiej Mazela
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Zhang J, Wang P, Wen H, Raza S, Zhu Z, Huang W, Liang L, Liu C. Polymer brush-grafted cotton with petal-like microstructure as superhydrophobic and self-cleaning adsorbents for oil/water separation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhang J, Raza S, Wang P, Wen H, Zhu Z, Huang W, Mohamed IM, Liu C. Polymer brush-grafted ZnO-modified cotton for efficient oil/water separation with abrasion/acid/alkali resistance and temperature “switch” property. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:822-833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Teng Y, Wang Y, Shi B, Fan W, Li Z, Chen Y. Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic paper with durability, chemical stability and self-cleaning by roll coating with modified nano-TiO2. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Jiao Z, Chu W, Liu L, Mu Z, Li B, Wang Z, Liao Z, Wang Y, Xue H, Niu S, Jiang S, Han Z, Ren L. Underwater writable and heat-insulated paper with robust fluorine-free superhydrophobic coatings. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8536-8545. [PMID: 32242573 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10612j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since its invention invented in China, paper has been widely used in the world for quite a long time. However, some intrinsic defects servely hinder its application in some extreme conditions, such as underwater or in fire. Herein, a bio-inspired durable paper with robust fluorine-free coatings was fabricated via a two-step spray-deposition technique. It not only consisted of modified SiO2 microspheres and nanoparticles, but also contained an epoxy resin, endowing the paper with multifunctional properties. First, this bio-inspired functional paper showed excellent superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties with a high static water contact angle (WCA) of 162.7 ± 0.5° and a low sliding angle (SA) of 5.7 ± 0.6°. Moreover, it possessed unusual repellent properties toward multiple aqueous-based liquids and heat-insulated properties. Second, this paper could be used for writing underwater and maintained satisfactory superhydrophobic performance for a long time with a WCA of 153.3 ± 1.8°. Besides, its high mechanical robustness was also experimentally confirmed in harsh working conditions, such as strong acid/alkali, boiling water, abrasion, bending, and folding. Compared with conventional paper, it is anticipated that this bio-inspired functional paper would be really competitive and demonstrate great potential in the field of underwater and fire-proof applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China.
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