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Chen H, Sun H, Cao L, Xia H, Tu Q. Biomechanical evaluation of the novel assembled internal fixed system in C2-C3 anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a finite element analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:106. [PMID: 38303025 PMCID: PMC10832244 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze and compare the biomechanical characteristics of the new combined cervical fusion device (NCCFD) and the traditional cage-plate construct (CPC) to ascertain its effectiveness in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using finite element analysis. METHODS A finite element model of the cervical spine, inclusive of the occipital bone was created and validated. In the ACDF model, either CPC or NCCFD was implanted at the C2-C3 segment of the model. A pure moment of 1.0 Nm combined with a follower load of 50 N was directed onto the superior surfaces of the occipital bone to determine flexion, extension, lateral bending (left and right), and axial rotation (left and right). The range of motion (ROM), stress distribution at the bone-implant interface, and facet joint forces were investigated and compared between CPC and NCCFD systems. RESULT The results showed that the ROMs of the fused levels in both models were nearly zero, and the motions of the unfused segments were similar. In addition, the maximum displacement exhibited nearly identical values for both models. The maximum stress of NCCFD screws in lateral bending and rotational conditions is significantly higher than that of the CPC, while the NCCFD model's maximum stress remains within an acceptable range. Comparing the maximum fusion stress, it was found that the CPC experiences much lower fusion stress in anterior flexion and extension than the NCCFD, with no significant difference between the two in lateral bending and rotational states. Stress on the cage was mainly concentrated on both sides of the wings. Comparing the maximum IDP in the CPC and NCCFD, it was observed that maximum stresses rise in extension and lateral bending for both models. Lastly, stress distributions of the facet joints were generally similar across the two devices. CONCLUSION NCCFD not only provides the same level of biomechanical stability as CPC but also avoids postoperative complications associated with uneven force damage to the implant. The device offers a novel surgical alternative for ACDF in C2-C3 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopedic, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Orthopedic, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qiang Tu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Orthopedic, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Wegner N, Klein M, Scholz R, Kotzem D, Macias Barrientos M, Walther F. Mechanical in vitro fatigue testing of implant materials and components using advanced characterization techniques. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:898-909. [PMID: 34846806 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Implants of different material classes have been used for the reconstruction of damaged hard and soft tissue for decades. The aim is to increase and subsequently maintain the patient's quality of life through implantation. In service, most implants are subjected to cyclic loading, which must be taken particularly into consideration, since the fatigue strength is far below the yield and tensile strength. Inaccurate estimation of the structural strength of implants due to the consideration of yield or tensile strength leads to a miscalculation of the implant's fatigue strength and lifetime, and therefore, to its unexpected early fatigue failure. Thus, fatigue failure of an implant based on overestimated performance capability represents acute danger to human health. The determination of fatigue strength by corresponding tests investigating various stress amplitudes is time-consuming and cost-intensive. This study summarizes four investigation series on the fatigue behavior of different implant materials and components, following a standard and an in vitro short-time testing procedure, which evaluates the material reaction in one enhanced test set-up. The test set-up and the applied characterization methods were adapted to the respective application of the implant with the aim to simulate the surrounding of the human body with laboratory in vitro tests only. It could be shown that by using the short-time testing method the number of tests required to determine the fatigue strength can be drastically reduced. In future, therefore it will be possible to exclude unsuitable implant materials or components before further clinical investigations by using a time-efficient and application-oriented testing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wegner
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Martin Klein
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ronja Scholz
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Kotzem
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Frank Walther
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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Liu Y, Chen B, Wang C, Chen H, Zhang A, Yin W, Wu N, Han Q, Wang J. Design of Porous Metal Block Augmentation to Treat Tibial Bone Defects in Total Knee Arthroplasty Based on Topology Optimization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:765438. [PMID: 34820364 PMCID: PMC8606634 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.765438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal block augmentation, which is used for the treatment of tibial bone defects in total knee arthroplasty, with high stiffness will cause significant alteration in stress distribution, and its solid structure is not suitable for osseointegration. This study aimed to design a porous block to reduce weight, promote bone ingrowth, and improve its biomechanical performance. The metal block augmentation technique was applied to finite element models of tibial bone defects. Minimum compliance topology optimization subject to volume fraction combined with the porous architecture was adopted to redesign the block. Biomechanical changes compared with the original block were analyzed by finite element analysis. The stress distribution of the block and proximal tibia was recorded. The strain energy density of the proximal tibia was obtained. The newly designed block realized 40% weight reduction. The maximum stress in the optimized block decreased by 11.6% when compared with the solid one. The maximum stress of the proximal tibia in the optimized group increased by 18.6%. The stress of the anterior, medial, and posterior parts of the proximal medial tibia in the optimized group was significantly greater than that in the original group (all p < 0.05). The optimized block could effectively improve the biomechanical performance between the block and the bone. The presented method might provide a reference for the design of customized three-dimensional printed prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingpeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weihuang Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naichao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Han L, Zhang Z, Dai J, Li X, Bai J, Huang Z, Guo C, Xue F, Chu C. The influence of alternating cyclic dynamic loads with different low frequencies on the bio-corrosion behaviors of AZ31B magnesium alloy in vitro. Bioact Mater 2021; 7:263-274. [PMID: 34466732 PMCID: PMC8379482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The real physiological environment of human body is complicated with different degrees and forms of dynamic loads applied to implanted medical devices due to the daily activities of the patients, which would have impacts on the degradation behaviors of magnesium alloy implants. In this work, the bio-corrosion behaviors of AZ31B magnesium alloy under alternating cyclic dynamic loads with different low frequencies (0.1–2.5 Hz) were specially investigated. It was found that the bio-degradation performances under external dynamic stressed conditions were much severer than those under unstressed conditions and static loads. The corrosion rates were generally accelerated as the rise of cyclic frequency. Hereby a numerical model for the degradation process of Mg alloy was established. The corrosion current density icorr of Mg alloy and the applied loading frequency f matches a linear relationship of ln icorr∝ f, which is the result of interactions between the cyclic alternating load and corrosive environment. This work could provide a theoretical reference and an experimental basis for further researches on the biodegradation behaviors of biomedical materials under dynamic conditions. Biocorrosion of Mg alloy under dynamic load with different frequencies were studied. A stress apparatus was designed to achieve in-situ evaluation under dynamic loads. The rising dynamic loading frequency resulted in an increase in the corrosion rate. Theoretical corrosion mechanism under dynamic load was systematically discussed. A numerical relationship between corrosion rate and load frequency was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Li
- School of Materials Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglin Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology, Nanjing, 211189, China
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Abstract
Research on corrosion resistance of cast aluminum alloys is reviewed in this article. The effect of the main microstructural features of cast aluminum alloys such as secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS), eutectic silicon morphology, grain size, macrosegregation, microsegregation, and intermetallic compounds is discussed. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of cast aluminum alloys obtained by modern manufacturing processes such as semi-solid and additive manufacturing are analyzed. Finally, the protective effects provided by different coatings on the aluminum cast alloys—such as anodized, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), and laser—is reviewed. Some conclusions and future guidelines for future works are proposed.
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Liu Y, Zhang A, Wang C, Yin W, Wu N, Chen H, Chen B, Han Q, Wang J. Biomechanical comparison between metal block and cement-screw techniques for the treatment of tibial bone defects in total knee arthroplasty based on finite element analysis. Comput Biol Med 2020; 125:104006. [PMID: 32971324 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managing bone defects is a critical aspect of total knee arthroplasty. In this study, we compared the metal block and cement-screw techniques for the treatment of Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute type 2A tibial bone defects from the biomechanical standpoint. METHOD The metal block and cement-screw techniques were applied to finite element models of 5- and 10-mm tibial bone defects. Biomechanical compatibility was evaluated based on the stress distributions of the proximal tibia and tibial tray. The displacement of the tibial tray and maximum relative micromotion between the tibial stem and tibia were analyzed to assess the stability of the implant. RESULTS The maximum stress in both the proximal tibia and tibial tray was greater with the cement-screw technique than with the metal block technique. The stress of the proximal lateral tibia with the cement-screw technique was significantly larger than with the metal block technique (p < 0.05). For the 5-mm bone defect, the maximum relative micromotion was lower than the critical value of 150 μm. For the 10-mm defect, the maximum relative micromotion was 128 μm with the metal block technique and 155 μm with the cement-screw technique, with the latter exceeding the critical value. CONCLUSIONS The cement-screw technique showed superior biomechanical compatibility to the metal block technique and is more suitable for 5-mm bone defects. However, as it may reduce the fixation strength in 10-mm bone defects, the metal block technique is more appropriate in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Weihuang Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Naichao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Bingpeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
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Kotzem D, Arold T, Niendorf T, Walther F. Damage Tolerance Evaluation of E-PBF-Manufactured Inconel 718 Strut Geometries by Advanced Characterization Techniques. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E247. [PMID: 31935932 PMCID: PMC6982071 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By means of electron beam powder bed fusion (E-PBF), highly complex lightweight structures can be manufactured within short process times. Due to the increasing complexity of producible components and the entangled interplay of damage mechanisms, common bulk material properties such as ultimate tensile or fatigue strength are not sufficient to guarantee safe and reliable use in demanding applications. Within this work, the damage tolerance of E-PBF-manufactured Ni-based alloy Inconel 718 (IN 718) strut geometries under uniaxial cyclic loading was investigated supported by several advanced measurement techniques. Based on thermal and electrical measurements, the failure of single struts could reliably be detected, revealing that continuous monitoring is applicable for such complex geometries. Process-induced surface roughness was found to be the main reason for early failure during cyclic loading. Thus, adequate post-processing steps have to be established for complex geometries to significantly improve damage tolerance and, eventually, in-service properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kotzem
- Department of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Tizian Arold
- Institute of Materials Engineering–Metallic Materials, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstraße 3, D-34125 Kassel, Germany; (T.A.); (T.N.)
| | - Thomas Niendorf
- Institute of Materials Engineering–Metallic Materials, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstraße 3, D-34125 Kassel, Germany; (T.A.); (T.N.)
| | - Frank Walther
- Department of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany;
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