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Walczak M, Braszak-Cymerman A, Bielawska L, Bryl W. Effect of statins on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women: a pilot study. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2023; 19:367-370. [PMID: 38187495 PMCID: PMC10767564 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2023.133700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Walczak
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Braszak-Cymerman
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lena Bielawska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wiesław Bryl
- Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders, and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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The effect of simvastatin-loaded methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactic acid nanoparticles on osteoblasts. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Karanikola T, Cheva A, Sarafidou K, Myronidou-Tzouveleki M, Tsavdaridis I, Kontonasaki E, Tsirlis A. Effect of Diclofenac and Simvastatin on Bone Defect Healing-An In Vivo Animal Study. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:143. [PMID: 36278700 PMCID: PMC9589953 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs and statins are two widely prescribed drug classes that affect bone formation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of diclofenac and simvastatin in artificial bone defect healing. One hundred and forty-four male Wistar rats were used, and the specimens were divided into groups, with respect to the route of drug administration and the type of defect healing (with or without collagen membrane), and subgroups, with respect to the study duration (2, 4 or 8 weeks). Diclofenac was intramuscularly administered while simvastatin was administered both systemically and locally. Animals were euthanized and specimens were histomorphometrically analyzed to evaluate the percentage of new bone formation (%). Bone healing that occurred without any intervention developed more steadily than that of all other groups. Diclofenac exerted a clear, direct inhibitory effect on bone healing and its systemic administration should be avoided. The systemic administration of simvastatin was related to severe myopathy, while the solvent for the local administration of simvastatin seemed to play significant role in bone growth, as simvastatin, when it is administered intraperitoneally in a DMSO solution, appeared to promote bone healing. Local administration may have a significant impact on bone healing and it should be further investigated with the type of solvent or carrier that is used, which both may play a significant role in bone repair induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Karanikola
- Department of Oral Surgery, Implantology and Dental Radiology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katia Sarafidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Myronidou-Tzouveleki
- 1st Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56224 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsavdaridis
- 1st Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56224 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tsirlis
- Department of Oral Surgery, Implantology and Dental Radiology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Potential bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:42-63. [PMID: 35087962 PMCID: PMC8777287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are considered the most suitable absorbable metals for bone fracture fixation implants. The main challenge in absorbable magnesium alloys is their high corrosion/degradation rate that needs to be controlled. Various coatings have been applied to magnesium alloys to slow down their corrosion rates to match their corrosion rate to the regeneration rate of the bone fracture. In this review, a bioactive coating is proposed to slow down the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys and accelerate the bone fracture healing process. The main aim of the bioactive coatings is to enhance the direct attachment of living tissues and thereby facilitate osteoconduction. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are six bioactive agents that show high potential for developing a bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. In addition to coating, the substrate itself can be made bioactive by alloying magnesium with calcium, zinc, copper, and manganese that were found to promote bone regeneration. Bioactive-coated magnesium implant could accelerate bone fracture healing time to match with magnesium degradation. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are high potential bioactive coating materials. The incorporation of Ca, Zn, Cu, Sr, and Mn in Mg base-metal could further enhance bone formation.
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Effect of an "Autogenous Leukocyte Platelet-Rich Fibrin Tooth Graft" Combination around Immediately Placed Implants in Periodontally Compromised Sites: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:4951455. [PMID: 35242191 PMCID: PMC8888059 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4951455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Autogenous tooth bone graft (ATBG) was suggested as a source for bone grafting materials, especially as they have similar chemical composition to bone. This study goal was to assess the clinical and radiographic consequences of ATBG with or without L-PRF on bone deposition around immediate implants placed in periodontally hopeless sites. Materials and Methods 26 patients, with periodontally diseased teeth, underwent random assignment to receive the surgical protocol either with L-PRF over ATBG around immediately inserted implants (test group) or without it (control group). Clinical examination was observed. Radiographically, bone changes horizontally and vertically to determine marginal bone loss (MBL) and mesiodistal bone changes were made at the base line and 6 and 9 months after implant insertion. Statistical analysis utilizing paired Student's t-test was used for comparing results within the same group, whereas an independent-sample t-test was used for intergroup variable comparison. Results All implants met the criteria of success without any complications at the follow-up period. Nonsignificant differences were detected between horizontal bone alterations in both groups at 6 and 9 months (P > .001). The test group showed statistically significant lower MBL than the control group (P < .001). The mesiodistal bone gain in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 6-month period (P < .001). The mesiodistal bone loss in the control group was significantly higher than that of the test group at the 9-month period (P < .001). Conclusion The ATBG- L-PRF combination therapy enhances new bone formation and appeared to be a favorable procedure with immediate implant placement, particularly in severe periodontitis cases.
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Effects on bone regeneration of single-dose treatment with osteogenic small molecules. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1538-1544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Piras CC, Patterson AK, Smith DK. Hybrid Self-Assembled Gel Beads for Tuneable pH-Controlled Rosuvastatin Delivery. Chemistry 2021; 27:13203-13210. [PMID: 34346527 PMCID: PMC8519141 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the fabrication of new pH-responsive hybrid gel beads combining the polymer gelator calcium alginate with two different low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) based on 1,3 : 2,4-dibenzylidene-d-sorbitol: pH-responsive DBS-COOH and thermally responsive DBS-CONHNH2 , thus clearly demonstrating that different classes of LMWG can be fabricated into gel beads by using this approach. We also demonstrate that self-assembled multicomponent gel beads can be formed by using different combinations of these gelators. The different gel bead formulations exhibit different responsiveness - the DBS-COOH network can disassemble within those beads in which it is present upon raising the pH. To exemplify preliminary data for a potential application for these hybrid gel beads, we explored aspects of the delivery of the lipid-lowering active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) rosuvastatin. The release profile of this statin from the hybrid gel beads is pH-dependent, with greater release at pH 7.4 than at pH 4.0 - primary control of this process results from the pKa of the API. The extent of pH-mediated API release is also significantly further modified according to gel bead composition. The DBS-COOH/alginate beads show rapid, highly effective drug release at pH 7.4, whereas the three-component DBS-COOH/DBS-CONHNH2 /alginate system shows controlled slow release of the API under the same conditions. These initial results indicate that such gel beads constitute a promising, versatile and easily tuned platform suitable for further development for controlled drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C. Piras
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington, YorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | - David K. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington, YorkYO10 5DDUK
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Jin H, Ji Y, Cui Y, Xu L, Liu H, Wang J. Simvastatin-Incorporated Drug Delivery Systems for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2177-2191. [PMID: 33877804 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Local drug delivery systems composed of biomaterials and osteogenic substances provide promising strategies for the reconstruction of large bone defects. In recent years, simvastatin has been studied extensively for its pleiotropic effects other than lowering of cholesterol, including its ability to induce osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Accordingly, several studies of simvastatin incorporated drug delivery systems have been performed to demonstrate the feasibility of such systems in enhancing bone regeneration. Therefore, this review explores the molecular mechanisms by which simvastatin affects bone metabolism and angiogenesis. The simvastatin concentrations that promote osteogenic differentiation are analyzed. Furthermore, we summarize and discuss a variety of simvastatin-loaded drug delivery systems that use different loading methods and materials. Finally, current shortcomings of and future development directions for simvastatin-loaded drug delivery systems are summarized. This review provides various advanced design strategies for simvastatin-incorporated drug delivery systems that can enhance bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China.,Department of Pain, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Youbo Ji
- Department of Pain, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Weihai Guanghua Hospital, Weihai 264200, P.R. China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
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Simpson CR, Kelly HM, Murphy CM. Synergistic use of biomaterials and licensed therapeutics to manipulate bone remodelling and promote non-union fracture repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:212-233. [PMID: 33122088 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted bone metabolism can lead to delayed fracture healing or non-union, often requiring intervention to correct. Although the current clinical gold standard bone graft implants and commercial bone graft substitutes are effective, they possess inherent drawbacks and are limited in their therapeutic capacity for delayed union and non-union repair. Research into advanced biomaterials and therapeutic biomolecules has shown great potential for driving bone regeneration, although few have achieved commercial success or clinical translation. There are a number of therapeutics, which influence bone remodelling, currently licensed for clinical use. Providing an alternative local delivery context for these therapies, can enhance their efficacy and is an emerging trend in bone regenerative therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide an overview of how biomaterial design has advanced from currently available commercial bone graft substitutes to accommodate previously licensed therapeutics that target local bone restoration and healing in a synergistic manner, and the challenges faced in progressing this research towards clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Simpson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helena M Kelly
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciara M Murphy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland.
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Picciolo G, Peditto M, Irrera N, Pallio G, Altavilla D, Vaccaro M, Picciolo G, Scarfone A, Squadrito F, Oteri G. Preclinical and Clinical Applications of Biomaterials in the Enhancement of Wound Healing in Oral Surgery: An Overview of the Available Reviews. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1018. [PMID: 33114407 PMCID: PMC7692581 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral surgery has undergone dramatic developments in recent years due to the use of biomaterials. The aim of the present review is to provide a general overview of the current biomaterials used in oral surgery and to comprehensively outline their impact on post-operative wound healing. A search in Medline was performed, including hand searching. Combinations of searching terms and several criteria were applied for study identification, selection, and inclusion. The literature was searched for reviews published up to July 2020. Reviews evaluating the clinical and histological effects of biomaterials on post-operative wound healing in oral surgical procedures were included. Review selection was performed by two independent reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer, and 41 reviews were included in the final selection. The selected papers covered a wide range of biomaterials such as stem cells, bone grafts, and growth factors. Bioengineering and biomaterials development represent one of the most promising perspectives for the future of oral surgery. In particular, stem cells and growth factors are polarizing the focus of this ever-evolving field, continuously improving standard surgical techniques, and granting access to new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Picciolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.A.); (G.O.)
| | - Matteo Peditto
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.A.); (G.O.)
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (G.P.); (M.V.); (A.S.)
- SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (G.P.); (M.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.A.); (G.O.)
- SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (G.P.); (M.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Picciolo
- SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Scarfone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (G.P.); (M.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (N.I.); (G.P.); (M.V.); (A.S.)
- SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.A.); (G.O.)
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Gesto DS, Pereira CMS, Cerqueira NMFS, Sousa SF. An Atomic-Level Perspective of HMG-CoA-Reductase: The Target Enzyme to Treat Hypercholesterolemia. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173891. [PMID: 32859023 PMCID: PMC7503714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides an updated atomic-level perspective regarding the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR), linking the more recent data on this enzyme with a structure/function interpretation. This enzyme catalyzes one of the most important steps in cholesterol biosynthesis and is regarded as one of the most important drug targets in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Taking this into consideration, we review in the present article several aspects of this enzyme, including its structure and biochemistry, its catalytic mechanism and different reported and proposed approaches for inhibiting this enzyme, including the commercially available statins or the possibility of using dimerization inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S. Gesto
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Carlos M. S. Pereira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM, Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.S.P.); (N.M.F.S.C.)
| | - Nuno M. F. S. Cerqueira
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM, Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.S.P.); (N.M.F.S.C.)
| | - Sérgio F. Sousa
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, BioSIM, Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.S.P.); (N.M.F.S.C.)
- Correspondence:
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