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Galeja M, Wypiór K, Wachowicz J, Kędzierski P, Hejna A, Marć M, Klewicz K, Gabor J, Okła H, Swinarew AS. POM/EVA Blends with Future Utility in Fused Deposition Modeling. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13132912. [PMID: 32610478 PMCID: PMC7372422 DOI: 10.3390/ma13132912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyoxymethylene (POM) is one of the most popular thermoplastic polymers used in the industry. Therefore, the interest in its potential applications in rapid prototyping is understandable. Nevertheless, its low dimensional stability causes the warping of 3D prints, limiting its applications. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of POM modification with ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 wt.%) on its processing (by melt flow index), structure (by X-ray microcomputed tomography), and properties (by static tensile tests, surface resistance, contact angle measurements, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis), as well as very rarely analyzed emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (by headspace analysis). Performed modifications decreased stiffness and strength of the material, simultaneously enhancing its ductility, which simultaneously increased the toughness even by more than 50% for 7.5 wt.% EVA loading. Such an effect was related to an improved linear flow rate resulting in a lack of defects inside the samples. The decrease of the melting temperature and the slight increase of thermal stability after the addition of EVA broadened the processing window for 3D printing. The 3D printing trials on two different printers showed that the addition of EVA copolymer increased the possibility of a successful print without defects, giving space for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Galeja
- Department of Material Engineering, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Klaudiusz Wypiór
- Department of Material Engineering, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jan Wachowicz
- Department of Material Engineering, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland; (M.G.); (K.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Przemysław Kędzierski
- Department of Acoustics, Electronics and IT Solutions, Central Mining Institute, Pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariusz Marć
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Klewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Jadwiga Gabor
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; (J.G.); (H.O.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Hubert Okła
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; (J.G.); (H.O.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Andrzej Szymon Swinarew
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; (J.G.); (H.O.); (A.S.S.)
- Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
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